Fuels and Petroleum

Fuels and Petroleum

By Aijiao Low

Multiple Select

A fossil fuel is a hydrocarbon-containing material formed underground from the remains of dead plants and animals that humans extract and burn to release energy for use.

What do you think are the elements found in hydrocarbon compound?

• carbon

• hydrogen

• nitrogen

• oxygen

Multiple Select

A fossil fuel is a hydrocarbon-containing material formed underground from the remains of dead plants and animals that humans extract and burn to release energy for use.

Which of the following are fossil fuels?

Hint: two correct answers

• petroleum

  (aka crude oil)

• natural gas (made up of mainly CH₄)

• titanium

• iron ores

Multiple Choice

Petroleum (crude oil) is a mixture of hydrocarbons of different boiling points.

Which separation technique can be used to separate petroleum into its different fractions?

• chromatography

• distillation

• fractional distillation

• evaporation

Multiple Select

Which of the following are uses of the fractions obtained from crude oil?

• fuels for cooking

• fuels for vehicles

• material to manufacture chemicals such as drugs

• material to manufacture chemicals such as plastics

Multiple Choice

What is the relationship between boiling point of hydrocarbons and the number of carbon atoms in it?

• Boiling point increases with increasing number of carbon atoms.

• Boiling point decreases with increasing number of carbon atoms.

• Boiling point remains constant with increasing number of carbon atoms.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following explains why boiling point increases with number of carbon atoms?

• The longer the molecules, the weaker the intermolecular forces, more energy is needed to overcome the forces.

• The longer the molecules, the stronger the intermolecular forces, more energy is needed to overcome the forces.

• The longer the molecules, the stronger the intermolecular forces, less energy is needed to overcome the forces.

Multiple Select

Which statements are true of the fractional distillation process of petroleum?

• The fractionating column is hot at the bottom, cool at the top.

• Fractions containing bigger hydrocarbons are collected at the bottom.

• Fractions containing bigger hydrocarbons are collected at the top.

• Fractions containing bigger hydrocarbons have higher boiling points.

• Fractions containing bigger hydrocarbons have lower boiling points.

Multiple Select

Which statements are true of each fraction found in petroleum?

• It has a range of boiling points.

• It has a fixed boiling point.

• It is a mixture of hydrocarbons.

• It is made up of one hydrocarbon.

Multiple Choice

Which fraction is collected at the top of fractionating column?

• (petroleum) gas

• naphtha

• diesel

• bitumen

Multiple Choice

Which fraction is collected at the bottom of fractionating column?

• (petroleum) gas

• naphtha

• diesel

• bitumen

Multiple Select

Select the uses that are matched correctly to the fraction.

• petrol - fuel for car

• naphtha - fuel for aircraft

• kerosene - manufacture of chemicals

• diesel - fuel for cars, lorries, buses

• bitumen - lay or surface roads

Open Ended

List down at least three takeaways/points you have learnt from today's lesson.