Chapter 14 Lesson 2: Muscular System System

Chapter 14 Lesson 2: Muscular System System

By Madison Ballard

Functions of the Muscular System

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These people are contortionists, meaning ​they can bend and shape thier bodies in unusal ways. These contortionists in the picture can stay in this postion, because their muscular system can hold thier bodies in place.

Open Ended

What comes to mind when you think of muscles?

Functions of the Muscular System

• Movement is an important function of muscles. They are important for protection, stability, and maintaining body temperature.

• A muscle is made of strong tissue that can contract in an orderly way.

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Functions of the Muscular System

• Muscles that are attached to bones enable your skeleton to move. 

• Muscles that are attached to bones support the body and help it balance.

• Tendons work with muscles to help keep joints in place when the body moves.

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What is the purpose of a tendon?

Functions of the Muscular System

• Some muscles that are not attached to bone cause blood and food to move throughout the body. They also make the heart beat and hair stand on end.

• Muscles protect the body by acting like a layer of padding for bones and internal organs.

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Functions of the Muscular System

• Shivering is when muscles contract rapidly and change chemical energy to heat energy. The heat energy helps raise your body’s temperature.

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How does the process of shivering work?

Types of Muscles

• Your body has three different types of muscles: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth.

• Each of these muscle tissues is specialized for a different function.

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Types of Muscles

• Muscles that are attached to bones are skeletal muscles. 

• They are also called voluntary muscles, muscles that are under conscious control.

  • ex. biceps, abdominals, & glutes

• Skeletal muscles work by pulling on bones.

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​Skeletal muscle at the cellular level

Types of Muscles

• Exercise increases the size of muscle cells and makes the entire muscle larger and stronger.

• Involuntary muscles cannot be consciously controlled.

  • ex. heart, lungs, & bladder

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Describe the difference between involuntary muscles and voluntary muscles.

Types of Muscles

• Smooth muscles are involuntary muscles named for their smooth appearance.

• Contraction of smooth muscles in the blood vessels helps control the movement of blood through vessels.

• Contraction of smooth muscles in the stomach moves food through the digestive tract.

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Multiple Select

How is smooth muscle used?

• to digest food

• to move blood

• brain function

• walking

Types of Muscles

• Cardiac muscles are involuntary muscles located only in the heart.

• They pump blood through your heart and through vessels to the rest of the body. 

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Cardiac muscle: involuntary or voluntary

Poll

What keeps your bones healthy?

• exercise

• healthy diet

• laying on the couch like a potato

Healthy Muscles

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• Muscles benefit from a healthy diet.

• All muscles require energy to contract.

•  Muscles get energy from food.

• Exercise helps keep muscles healthy.

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The Muscular System and Homeostasis

• There are many ways the muscular system helps your body maintain homeostasis.

• You are sitting in a room where the temperature is somewhere between 21⁰c and 27⁰c. (70 F)

• However, your body temperature is around 37⁰c. (98.6 F- This is what your temperature should be!)

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The Muscular System and Homeostasis

• Muscle contractions convert chemical energy to heat energy and keep the body warm.

• During exercise, muscle cells need more oxygen. 

• The cardiac muscles of the heart help maintain homeostasis by pumping more blood. 

• The blood carries oxygen to the cells.

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Multiple Choice

Type of muscle that pumps blood throughout the body

• cardiac

• skeletal

• smooth

• rough

Multiple Choice

A person is not capable of controlling the contraction of

• voluntary muscle

• involuntary muscle

• skeletal muscle

• muscles

Multiple Choice

A strong tissue that contracts is

• skin

• ligaments

• muscle

• bone

Multiple Choice

Which is a voluntary muscle?

• biceps

• stomach

• blood vessel

• small intestine

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Explain how the muscular system regulates body temperature.

Completed?

You need to show me, Ms. Ballard your notes, and vocabulary to receive a grade! IF I DON'T SEE YOUR NOTES BEFORE THE BELL RINGS, IT IS A ZERO

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