Chapter 8: Kinetics & Equilibrium LESSON

Chapter 8: Kinetics & Equilibrium

CHEMISTRY REGENTS

​1. Kinetics

Kinetics is the rate of chemical reactions​

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​2. Collision Theory

Reactant particles must collide for reactions to occur.​ More collisions increases the rate.

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Multiple Choice

The rate of chemical reactions​ is known as:

• kinetics

• collision theory

• equilibirum

Multiple Choice

Reactant particles must collide for reactions to occur is known as

• kinetics

• collision theory

• equilibirum

Multiple Choice

In order for a chemical reaction to occur, there must always be

• an effective collision between reacting particles

• a bond that breaks in a reactant particle

• reacting particles with low kinetic energy

Multiple Choice

As the number of effective collisions between reacting particles increases, the rate of reaction

• decreases

• increases

• remains the same

​3. Factors (Stresses)Affecting Kinetics

I. ​Nature of Reactants

II. Concentration (amount of a substance)

III. Surface Area

IV. Catalyst​ (increase the rate of reaction by lowering activation energy)

V. Temperature (only solids and liquids)

VI. Pressure​ (only affects gas)

Subject | Subject

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Multiple Select

Which of the following affects kinetics? (multiple answers)

• Nature of reactants

• concentration

• surface tension

• catalyst

• temperature

Multiple Select

Which of the following is true regarding temperature and pressure affecting kinetics? (Pick two responses)

• Temperature affects solids and liquids

• Pressure only affects gas

• surface Temperature only affects gas

• Pressure affects solid, liquid, and gasses

Multiple Choice

This substance speeds up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.

• Nature of reactants

• concentration

• catalyst

• temperature

Multiple Choice

This refers to the amount of a substance:

• Nature of reactants

• concentration

• catalyst

• temperature

​4. Potential Energy Diagram

Energy absorbed and the energy released are represented by the potential energy diagram.

Subject | Subject

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​5. Activation Energy

The amount of energy required to start a reaction.​

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Subject | Subject

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6. Heat of Reaction (Delta ΔH)

Potential energy of the products minus the potential energy of the reactants.

​

Subject | Subject

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7. Entropy and Enthalpy

​Entropy: The measure of randomness or disorder.

Enthalpy: The total amount of potential energy stored in a substance.

Subject | Subject

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following represents the total amount of potential energy in a substance?

• catalyst

• enthalpy

• entropy

• temperature

Multiple Choice

Which of the following represents randomness and disorder?

• catalyst

• enthalpy

• entropy

• temperature

8. Endothermic vs Exothermic

Endothermic:

• ​reaction absorbs heat.

• produces products with more potential energy than the reactants.

• Positive reaction​.

Exothermic​

• ​_____

• _____​

• _____​

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Exothermic Diagram

Endothermic Diagram

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Forward and Reverse Reactions

Subject | Subject

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Multiple Select

Identify what is true regarding exothermic reactions (multiple answers):

• negative reaction

• positive reaction

• absorbs heat

• releases heat

• Product = More Potential energy

Multiple Select

Identify what is true regarding endothermic reactions (multiple answers):

• negative reaction

• positive reaction

• absorbs heat

• releases heat

• Product = More Potential energy

Multiple Choice

Which chemical reaction requires more activation energy?

• Endothermic

• Exothermic

Multiple Choice

Which of the following letters represents activation energy for the forward reaction?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Which letter represents the the activation energy for the reverse reaction?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Which letter represents the the potential energy for the forward reaction?

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Multiple Choice

Which letter represents the the potential energy for the reverse reaction?

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Multiple Choice

Which letter represents the heat of reaction (ΔH)?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Which letter represents the heat of reaction (ΔH)?

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Multiple Choice

Using this image, identify the forward reaction.

• Endothermic

• Exothermic

Multiple Choice

Using this image, identify the reverse reaction.

• Endothermic

• Exothermic

Multiple Choice

Regardless of exothermic and endothermic reactions, the formula for ΔH is always:

• products - reactants

• reactants - products

Multiple Choice

The heat of reaction (ΔH) for the forward reaction would be:

• A - E = ΔH

• A - B = ΔH

• E - A = ΔH

• D - E = ΔH

• B - C = ΔH

Multiple Choice

The heat of reaction (ΔH) for the reverse reaction would be:

• A - E = ΔH

• A - B = ΔH

• E - A = ΔH

• D - E = ΔH

• B - C = ΔH

Multiple Choice

Factors that affect kinetics are also known as:

• stresses

• incomplete reactions

• complete reactions

• enthalpy