PhySci Final Review 4: Waves

PhySci Final Review 4: Waves

By William Lovering

​What is a wave?

​A wave is a disturbance that carries energy from place to place. 

A wave does NOT carry matter with it! It just moves the matter as it goes through it.

Parts of a transverse wave:

Crest: the highest point of a transverse wave.

Trough: the lowest point of a transverse wave.

Parts of a transverse wave:

Wavelength: the distant between two crests or two troughs.

Amplitude: the distance between the middle horizontal line and the highest point or between the middle line and the lowest point.

Wavelength:

Parts of a longitudinal wave:

Parts of a longitudinal wave:

Compression: the parts of the wave where the loops are close together.

Parts of a longitudinal wave:

Rarefaction: the parts of the wave where the loops are spread-out.

Parts of a longitudinal wave:

Wavelength: the distance between two compressions.

​Types of wave

Electromagnetic (EM) waves: Do NOT require a medium to travel.​

​Sound can be reflected and produce ECHO

Visible light

(commonly referred to simply as light) is electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye and is responsible for the sense of sight. Visible light has a wavelength in the range of about 380 nanometres to about 740 nm – between the invisible infrared, with longer wavelengths, and the invisible ultraviolet, with shorter wavelengths.

• Waves in visible range appear to us as a spectrum of colors.

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• ​Each color corresponds to a certain wavelength and frequency of light.

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• The wavelength and frequency of light determines its color.

​

Light waves & color

Multiple Choice

What do all waves transfer?

• Matter

• Heat

• Electricity

• Energy

Multiple Choice

What is the number of complete waves passing a fixed point in a given amount of time?

• Amplitude

• Intensity

• Wavelength

• Frequency

Multiple Choice

What is frequency measured in?

• Milliseconds

• Miles

• Hertz

• Kilograms

Multiple Choice

Which type of waves have the longest wavelength?

• Visible light

• Radio waves

• X-rays

• Gamma-Rays

Multiple Choice

Wavelengths are usually measured in ....

• seconds

• Hz

• inches

• meters

Multiple Choice

What does #1 represent?

• Period

• Frequency

• Wavelength

• Amplitude

Multiple Choice

What does #2 represent?

• Period

• Frequency

• Wavelength

• Amplitude

Multiple Choice

What happens when you increase the amplitude of a sound?

• it makes the sound louder

• it makes the sound travel faster

• it makes the sound softer

• it changes the pitch or note of the sound

Multiple Choice

What property of this wave is represented by the letter "A"

• amplitude
• crest
• trough
• wavelength

Multiple Choice

The highest point on a wave is:

• the crest
• the trough
• the top
• the coast 

Multiple Choice

The lowest point on a wave is the:

• Amplitude
• Crest
• Trough
• Wavelength

Multiple Choice

The type of waves that require medium to pass:

• Mechanical Waves
• Electromagnetic Waves

Multiple Choice

When the frequency of a wave increases, what happens to the wavelength?

• The wavelength is not directly affected by the frequency of a wave.
• The wavelength increases.
• The wavelength decreases.
• More specific information is needed to form a conclusion about the wavelength.

Multiple Choice

A mechanical wave cannot travel through...

• a vacuum(empty space).
• water.
• air. 
• glass.

Multiple Choice

Which wave in the diagram has the greatest frequency?

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Multiple Choice

Which wave in the diagram has the greatest wavelength?

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Multiple Choice

Which of the following can sound travel through?

• solid
• liquid
• gas
• all of the above

Multiple Choice

Electromagnetic waves include the following except

• radio waves
• X-rays
• doing the wave at a football game
• microwaves

Multiple Choice

which material does sound travel the fastest?

• solid 
• liquid 
• gases

Multiple Choice

When a wave strikes and object and bounces off. (example echo)

• medium
• refraction
• reflection
• interference

Multiple Choice

When a wave bends as it passes through at an angle from one medium to another.(example: pencil in a glass of water-)

• medium
• refraction
• reflection
• interference

Multiple Choice

Which type of waves have vibrations that run parallel to the direction the wave travels?

• transverse

• longitudinal

Multiple Choice

Which type of waves have vibrations that run perpendicular to the direction the wave travels?

• transverse

• longitudinal

Multiple Choice

An example of this type of wave is a sound wave.

• transverse

• longitudinal

Multiple Choice

In a longitudinal wave, a ________ is an area where the particles are spread apart.

• rarefaction

• compression

• crest

• trough

Multiple Choice

In a longitudinal wave, a ________ is an area where the particles are close together.

• rarefaction

• compression

• crest

• trough

Multiple Choice

The formula for _________ is λ = v/f.

• wavelength

• frequency

• period

Multiple Choice

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Velocity = ________

Wavelength = 0.5m

Frequency = 150 hertz

• 0.75 m/s

• 75 m/s

• 300 m/s

• 0.300 m/s

Multiple Choice

The material through which a wave travel 

• trough
• medium
• crest
• vibration

Multiple Choice

• Constructive Interference
• Destructive Interference

Multiple Choice

This is an example of a ....

• Longitudinal Wave

• Squishy Wave

• Transverse Wave

• Standing Wave

Multiple Choice

This is an example of a ...

• Longitudinal Wave

• Wiggly Wave

• Transverse Wave

• Standing Wave

Multiple Choice

The time for one cycle is the ...

• Wave speed

• Frequency

• Wavelength

• Amplitude

• Period

Multiple Choice

How fast the wave travels along the medium is the ...

• Wave speed

• Frequency

• Wavelength

• Amplitude

• Period

Multiple Choice

Electromagnetic waves cannot travel through a medium.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a longitudinal wave?

• light

• sound

• radio

• EM