Review Friday: day 1-day 8

Scientific Inquiry: Day 1

By Johanna Diaz

Multiple Choice

For the hypothesis statement: If you listen to rap music, then your grades will improve. What is the independent variable?

• rap music

• grades

• failing grades

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between the experimental and control group?

• the experimental group gets the blood pressure medicine, while the control group does not

• the control group gets the blood pressure medicine, while the experimental group does not

Multiple Choice

What is a hypothesis

• a testable statement that has a solution you want to test out

• a question with a lot of answers

• A question you are trying to answer

​Characteristics of living things: Day 2-4

​Some text here about the topic of discussion.

Multiple Choice

Q.

A thin, flexible layer that is found in all cells and separates the inside of the cell from the outside environment.

• cell membrane

• cell wall

Multiple Choice

Which cell structure plays a direct role in sending and receiving chemical signals for communication between cells.

• cell membrane

• mitochondria

• cell wall

Multiple Choice

Which molecule is able to pass through the semi-permeable membrane?

• starch

• glucose

This process allows for all living things to have energy by using glucose (sugar)

​

​Some text here about the topic of discussion.

Respiration: takes place in the mitochondria

​

Multiple Choice

The burning or breaking down of glucose for usable energy is known as...

• photosynthesis

• respiration

Multiple Choice

What organic molecule is necessary (needed) for cellular respiration to occur?

• fats

• glucose

Multiple Choice

What process is the opposite of respiration? in which plants make glucose/food for themselves

• digestion

• photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

Oxygen and glucose will yield (make) _______________________ during the process of respiration

• glucose and oxygen

• ATP, carbon dioxide & water

Multiple Choice

The overall goal of cellular respiration is to make:

• Glucose

• ATP (usable energy)

• Oxygen

Proteins can be used as enzymes

• Enzymes are catalysts; they speed up chemical reactions

• Enzymes lower activation energy

• Enzymes work like a lock and a key

• Enzymes are specific to temperature and pH

Multiple Select

Enzymes are (pick 3)

• fats

• proteins

• catalysts

• lower activation energy (speed up activity with little or no energy)

Multiple Choice

Based on the graph, what temperature does this enzyme work best? 

• 15 C
• 40 C
• 30 C
• 47 C

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose  of an enzyme?

• give permission for the reaction
• raise activation energy
• speed up reactions
• control how many reactions occur

Homeostasis

How do living things stay healthy, in balance, not sick

Multiple Choice

As blood glucose levels increase, hormones are released to return glucose levels to normal. This is an example of

• the body not being able to make antibodies to fight a disease

• a stimulus and a response, return to homeostasis, body finding equilibrium

Multiple Choice

Which biological process is represented in the diagram below? that is found in all living things

• photosynthesis

• respiration

Multiple Choice

a student placed a test tube containing a plant near a light source. He then counted the number of bubbles released by the plant in 1 minute. The gas that was produced was most likely

• carbon dioxide

• oxygen

• nitrogen

• all of these

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?

• CO₂ + light + H₂O --> O₂ + Sugar
• CO₂ + sugar + H₂O --> O₂ + light
• _O2 + light + H₂O --> CO₂ + Sugar
• CO₂ + O₂ + H₂O --> Light+ Sugar

Multiple Choice

The diagram below shows specialized plant cells that control openings called stomates. The proper function of these cells is vital to the survival of the plant because they regulate the

• products of sugar found in the stem

• exchange of gases and water in leaves

Multiple Choice

Substance X directly supplies energy for various life functions, as shown in the diagram below. Which substance is represented by X in the diagram that provides energy in all living things

• ATP

• DNA

• starch

• glucose

Multiple Choice

Spider venoms usually contain specific proteins that attack the cell membranes of the prey. These proteins breakdown the prey of the spider, these proteins are sometimes called biological catalystl.

• ATP molecules

• biological catalysts

Multiple Choice

Doctors often use certain medications to treat infections. A few people have a reaction to some of these medications, such as itching, swelling, or trouble breathing. This is an example of

• using antibodies to cure a medical problem

• the body’s immune system overreacting to a usually harmless substance

• the body creating a mutation to fight unknown pathogens

• a vaccine causing the body to produce antigens against the infection

Multiple Choice

A small lizard spends the morning hours lying in the sunlight until its body temperature rises. Later on in the day, the lizard rests in a shady area until its body temperature cools. This type of behavior is important to keeping their body temperature stable which is an example of ....

• maintaining homeostasis

• attract mates

• obtain nutrients

Multiple Choice

It may be harmful when people compete to see who can hold their breath the longest, Without oxygen, brain cells aren't able to use glucose and

• cannot make enough ATP

• have too few mitochondria

• make too many enzymes

Multiple Choice

Which process takes place in both method A and method B? Where the offspring is identical to the parent.

• meiosis

• mitosis

Multiple Choice

Name the system that will directly respond to these vaccines.

• Immune

• Endocrine

Multiple Choice

Doctors sometimes use a vaccine to prepare the body to defend itself against future infections. These vaccines most often contain

• antibodies and white blood cells

• antibiotics

• weakened, a piece of or dead pathogens

Multiple Choice

An immune response is primarily due to the body’s white blood cells recognizing

• a hormone imbalance

• abiotic organism

• foreign antigens on pathogens (what causes disease)

Reproduction: Day 6-7

​Some text here about the topic of discussion.

Multiple Choice

The process of sexual reproduction is an important part of the process of evolution. One reason for this is that meiosis and fertilization directly produce many new

• variations in species

• identical copies, no change in DNA of species

Multiple Choice

Sexually reproducing organisms pass on genetic information as a

• Proteins that are made in the ribosome

• sequence of the bases A, T, C, and G (DNA) in the sex cells

Multiple Choice

The diagram represents some stages in the process of development.

Stage 2 represents a cell that

• contains half the genetic material found in a baby and then an adult

• has the complete genetic information to form an baby then an adult

Multiple Choice

What is the function of antibodies within the immune system?

• Antibodies are only made when you are given a vaccination for specific antigens.

• Antibodies bind or mark to specific antigens to flag and mark for destruction.

Multiple Choice

What process creates reproductive cells used in sexual production?

• meiosis because it creates offspring with variations through sexual reproduction

• mitosis because it produces offspring that are identical through asexual reproduction

Multiple Choice

The main advantage of meiosis and sexual reproduction is the creation of _____________ offspring.

• biodiverse

• cloned and identical

Genetics and Biotechnology: Day 8-9

​Some text here about the topic of discussion.

Multiple Choice

Traits are passed from parents to offspring. These traits are determined by

• genes, located on chromosomes, found in the nucleus (in the DNA)

• genes, located on chromosomes, found in the ribosomes (in the protein)

Multiple Choice

Identical twins were separated at birth and raised by two different families. Years later, one twin was a physically fit member of the cross-country team, and the other twin was overweight with slightly higher-than-normal blood pressure. The differences in these twins could be explained by the fact that

• in twins, each individual inherits genes from only one parent

• the different environment can influence the expression of genes

Multiple Choice

Protein synthesis (gets information from the nucleus)is accomplished primarily by the interaction of which two cell structures?

• vacuoles and mitochondria

• nuclei (nucleus) and ribosomes

• nuclei and mitochondria

Multiple Choice

Scientists discover a new species of bacteria that has a similar genetic makeup as a previously studied bacterial species.

Which investigative tool should be used to genetically compare the new bacteria to the previously studied bacteria?

• gene therapy

• gel electrophoresis

Multiple Choice

The photographs below are side-by-side images of twins A and B with identical genetic information. Twin A is a nonsmoker, while twin B is a longtime smoker.

The best explanation for the differences in the appearance of the twins is that

• twin B is older than twin A (in this case one was born 20 mins before the other one)

• the expression of genes is influenced by the environment (in this case smoking and not smoking)

• one twin resembles the mother and the other resembles the father (they both received half the genes)

Multiple Choice

How do scientists cut DNA into smaller strands, that is used for genetic engineering?

• restriction enzymes
• scissors

Multiple Choice

The process of making changes in the DNA code of a living organism is called (usually in the lab by a scientist)

• selective breeding 
• genetic engineering

Multiple Choice

Selective breeding is...

• a process to create an organism with desired traits from parents with those desired traits

• done through genetic engineering

Explanation Slide...

Smoking is an environmental factor that can affect appearance. It made the twins with the same DNA have different appearances.

Explanation Slide...

Gel electrophoresis allows the DNA to be processed to create a banding pattern that can be compared for relatedness.

Explanation Slide...

Ribosomes are large complexes of protein and ribonucleic acid responsible for protein synthesis when DNA from the nucleus is transcribed.

Explanation Slide...

Since the twins are identical, they share the same genes. The only explanation to their differences is their environment and its influence on them.

Explanation Slide...

The nucleus is the organelle that contains chromosomes, while the chromosomes have genes attached to them.