2G1 Chapter 12 Taking Good Care of My Body

2G1 Chapter 12

Taking Good Care of My Body

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12.1 What does our nervous system do?

Lesson objectives

At the end of the this lesson, you should be able to:

State the function of the human nervous system and its parts (brain, spinal cord and nerves)

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Nervous system ​textbook pg 263

What does our nervous system do?

Our nervous system controls bodily functions by transmitting signals to and from different parts of our body.

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The nervous system consist of:

1. brain

2. spinal cord

3. nerves​

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^{Brain controls functions such as breathing by receiving and sending signals through the nerves.​}

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Brain ​textbook pg 263

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^{contains a bundle of nerves and connects the nerves from different parts of the body to the brain.}

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Spinal cord textbook pg 263

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Carry signals between different parts of the body​.

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Nerves

textbook pg 263

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Multiple Choice

Which part of the nervous system carry signals between different part of the body?

• brain

• spinal cord

• nerves

Multiple Choice

Which part of the nervous system controls functions such as breathing by receiving and sending signals through the nerves?

• brain

• spinal cord

• nerves

Multiple Choice

Which part of the nervous system contains a bundle of nerves and connects the nerves from different parts of the body to the brain?

• brain

• spinal cord

• nerves

Chapter 12.2 What are the harmful effects of drug abuse.

Lesson objectives

At the end of the this lesson, you should be able to:

1. Describe the harmful effects of drug abuse on the human nervous system, and recognize the consequences ​of drug abuse on the individuals

2. recognize the way to avoid drug abuse

3. show care and concern for personal health by avoiding drug abuse​

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What is drug?

A drug is a substance that can cause changes to the functions of the body. Drugs are usually taken into the body by swallowing or inhaling them, or by injection.

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Poll

Is drug useful or harmful?

• useful

• harmful

• can be useful and harmful

Drugs may be useful and harmful to us

(pg 265 of textbook​)

Medicinal drugs prescribed by the doctor are useful to us as they can treat our illnesses.

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Taking drugs in a way that harms our health is called drug abuse.​ Overconsuming of medicinal drug is also considered as drug abuse.

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Harmful Effects of drug abuse on individuals (pg 266 of textbook)

1. Constant mental discomfort such as depression (persistent sadness) and Hallucinations (seeing things that do not exist)

2. Addicted to drug

3. High risk of contracting diseases such as AIDS (recall chapter 11, how STIs spread)

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Harmful Effects of drug abuse on family and society (pg 267 of textbook)

1. Experience behavioral changes and may physically abuse family and others around them.

2. commit crime to buy drugs ​

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1. Saying "no" firmly

2. understand the harmful consequences and sharing the knowledge with others

3. ​seeking help from your family or teachers

4. engage in healthy hobbies​

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Ways to avoid drug abuse ​textbook pg 267​

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Multiple Select

Which of the following are possible harmful effects of drug on individual?

• depression

• hallucinations

• increase risk of contracting diseases such as AIDS

• improved stamina

Open Ended

What is withdrawal symptoms? page 266

Multiple Select

What are the harmful effects of drug abuse on family and society. pg 267

• physically abuse family members

• commit crime to buy expensive drugs

• increase in illegal activities

• make the society safe

Open Ended

suggest one way to avoid drug abuse. pg 267

Effects:

​1. Allow on to stay awake and remain alert

2. lead to withdrawal symptoms, such as extreme tiredness, hunger and anxiety.​

3. Damage the heart and nerves

4. Cause fits, stroke and death​

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example: ecstasy​

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Drug type - stimulants

​textbook pg 268 ​

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Effects:

​1. Cause drowsiness

2. become less alert​

3. difficulty in concentrating

4. lead to increase reaction time

5.Withdrawal symptoms such as distorted thinking and anxiety​

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example: cannabis

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Drug type - Depressants​

​textbook pg 269​

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following drugs is an example of stimulants? pg 268

• Ecstasy

• Cannabis

• Heroin

• Ketamine

• K2

Multiple Select

Which of the following are effects of stimulants? pg 268

• Allow on to stay awake and remain alert

• lead to withdrawal symptoms, such as extreme tiredness, hunger and anxiety.​

• Damage the heart and nerves

• Cause fits, stroke and death​

Multiple Choice

Which of the following drugs is an example of depressants? pg 268

• Ecstasy

• Cannabis

• Heroin

• Ketamine

• K2

Multiple Select

Which of the following are effects of depressants? pg 268

• Cause drowsiness

• become less alert​

• difficulty in concentrating

• ​lead to increase reaction time

• Withdrawal symptoms such as distorted thinking and anxiety​

Effects:

​1. lead to sleep inducing effect

2. lead to withdrawal symptoms, such as insomnia, watery eyes and runny nose.​

3. Damage the lungs. kidneys and liver

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example: Morphine, Opium, Heroin

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Drug type - Nacrotics

​textbook pg 269 ​

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Effects:

​1. allow one to feel very energetic

2. lead to withdrawal symptoms, such as insomnia, depression and anger.​

3. cause confusion and hallucination

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example: ketamine

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Drug type - Hallucinogens

​textbook pg 269 ​

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following drugs is an example of nacrotics? pg 268

• Ecstasy

• Cannabis

• Heroin

• Ketamine

• K2

Multiple Select

Which of the following are effects of nacrotics? pg 268

• lead to sleep inducing effect

• Damage the lungs. kidneys and liver

• lead to withdrawal symptoms, such as insomnia, watery eyes and runny nose.​

• ​lead to increase reaction time

• Withdrawal symptoms such as distorted thinking and anxiety​

Multiple Choice

Which of the following drugs is an example of hallucinogens? pg 268

• Ecstasy

• Cannabis

• Heroin

• Ketamine

• K2

Multiple Select

Which of the following are effects of hallucinogens? pg 268

• allow one to feel very energetic

• lead to withdrawal symptoms, such as insomnia, depression and anger.​

• cause confusion and hallucination

• ​lead to increase reaction time

• Withdrawal symptoms such as distorted thinking and anxiety​

Effects:

​1. allow one to stay awake and remain alert

2. lead to withdrawal symptoms, such as insomnia, hallucination and fatigue.​

3. cause fits, stroke and death

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example: K2

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Drug type - New psychoactive substances (NPS) ​textbook pg 269

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following drugs is an example of New psychoactive substances (NPS)? pg 268

• Ecstasy

• Cannabis

• Heroin

• Ketamine

• K2

Multiple Select

Which of the following are effects of hallucinogens? pg 268

• allow one to stay awake and remain alert

• lead to withdrawal symptoms, such as insomnia, hallucination and fatigue.​

• cause fits, stroke and death

• ​lead to increase reaction time

• Withdrawal symptoms such as distorted thinking and anxiety​

Chapter 12.3 What are the harmful effects of alcohol abuse.

Lesson objectives

At the end of the this lesson, you should be able to:

1. Describe the harmful effects of alcohol abuse on the human digestive and nervous systems, and recognize the consequences ​of alcohol abuse on the individuals (e.g. liver damage), families (e.g. physical abuse) and the society (e.g., crime).

2. recognize the way to avoid alcohol abuse

3. show care and concern for personal health by avoiding alcohol abuse​

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What is considered as alcohol abuse?

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Alcohol abuse

Drinking too much alcohol is called alcohol abuse.

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Harmful Effects of alcohol abuse on individuals (pg 270 of textbook)

1. Slow down activities of nervous system

2. cause serious damage to organs in the digestive system, such as stomach and liver.

3. Loss of sense of taste, giddiness, blurred vision and vomiting

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Harmful Effects of alcohol abuse on family and society (pg 271 of textbook)

1. alcohol abusers cannot think and act clearly, and may physically harm their family and friends.

2. alcohol abusers are slow to react, and cannot see and think clearly which may lead to road accidents

3. Alcohol abusers may commit crime to buy more alcohol

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1. Saying "no" firmly

2. understand the harmful consequences and sharing the knowledge with others

3. ​seeking help from your family or teachers

4. engage in healthy hobbies​

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Ways to avoid alcohol abuse ​textbook pg 271​

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Multiple Select

Which of the following human body systems will be damaged by alcohol abused? pg 270

• digestive system

• nervous system

• immune system

• cardiovascular system

Multiple Select

what are the organs will be seriously damaged by alcohol? pg 270

• stomach

• liver

• heart

• brain

Open Ended

Briefly describe how alcohol damage our liver. pg 270

Multiple Select

What are the possible effects alcohol abusers might experienced? pg 270

• loss of sense of taste

• giddiness

• blurred vision

• vomiting

Open Ended

Describe the harmful effects of alcohol abuse on family and society.

Open Ended

Briefly describe ways to avoid alcohol abuse.

Chapter 12.4 What are the harmful effects of smoking?

Lesson objectives

At the end of the this lesson, you should be able to:

1. ​Name some harmful substances in tobacco smoke (e.g. carbon monoxide, nicotine and tar).

2. Describe the harmful effects of smoking on the human circulatory, respiratory and nervous systems, and recognize the consequences ​of alcohol abuse on the individuals (e.g. bronchitis), families and the society (e.g., effects of passive smoking).

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Lesson objectives

At the end of the this lesson, you should be able to:

​ 3. recognize the way to avoid smoking

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4. show care and concern for personal health by avoiding smoking​

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Smoking

Smoking is the act of breathing in tobacco. Tobacco smoke is produced when a cigarette is lit.

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Harmful substances in Tobacco Smoke

These harmful substances are found in tobacco smoke:

1. carbon monoxide

2. nicotine

3. tar

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Reduce the ability of red blood cells in transporting oxygen, which result in our body cells getting less oxygen.

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Carbon monoxide

pg 274​

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Nicotine will cause addiction and increase blood pressure

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Nicotine

pg 274

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• Cause lung cancer

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• paralyses hair-like structures from sweeping away trapped dust and bacteria.​

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Tar pg 274

Harmful Effects of smoking on individuals (pg 275 of textbook)

1. damage tiny air sacs in the lung thus not able to absorb oxygen and remove carbon dioxide efficiently. This cause smokers to become breathless easily.

2. Can lead to bronchitis

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Harmful Effects of alcohol abuse on family and society (pg 276 of textbook)

1. Family and friends of smokers may inhale tobacco smoke through passive smoking.

2. Passive smokers are people who expose to tobacco smoke in public area.

3. passive smokers may experience the same harmful effects of smoking as smokers such as higher risk of developing lung cancer over time.

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1. Saying "no" firmly

2. understand the harmful consequences and sharing the knowledge with others

3. ​seeking help from your family or teachers

4. engage in healthy hobbies​

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Ways to avoid alcohol abuse ​textbook pg 277​

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Multiple Select

Which of the following are harmful substances found in tobacco smoke? pg 273

• nicotine

• tar

• carbon monoxide

• carbon dioxide

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are the harmful effects of carbon monoxide? pg 274

• Reduce the ability of red blood cells in transporting oxygen, which result in our body cells getting less oxygen.

• cause addiction and increase blood pressure

• Cause lung cancer

• paralyses hair-like structures from sweeping away trapped dust and bacteria.​

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are the harmful effects of nicotine? pg 274

• Reduce the ability of red blood cells in transporting oxygen, which result in our body cells getting less oxygen.

• cause addiction and increase blood pressure

• Cause lung cancer

• paralyses hair-like structures from sweeping away trapped dust and bacteria.​

Multiple Select

Which of the following are the harmful effects of nicotine? pg 274

• Reduce the ability of red blood cells in transporting oxygen, which result in our body cells getting less oxygen.

• cause addiction and increase blood pressure

• Cause lung cancer

• paralyses hair-like structures from sweeping away trapped dust and bacteria.​

Fill in the Blanks

Complete the sentence:

The harmful chemicals in tobacco smoke can damage the

pg 275

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Complete the sentence:

smoking can lead to

which is the inflmmation of the lungs. pg 275

Fill in the Blanks

Inhale of tobacco smoke in public area by non-smokers is known as ...................... .......................... pg 276

Multiple Choice

passive smoking will also lead to lung cancer

• true

• false