Unit 1 Part 1

Multiple Choice

What do you call all of the living things AND all of the non-living things together in the same environment?

• Population
• Community
• Ecosystem
• Biome

Multiple Choice

What do you call it when one species benefits while the other species is harmed?

• Predation
• Parasitism
• Commensalism
• Mutualism

Multiple Choice

What do you call it when one species benefits and the other species is not really affected in any way?

• Predation
• Parasitism
• Commensalism
• Mutualism

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best explains why terrestrial trophic pyramids usually do not have levels higher than tertiary consumers?

• Tertiary consumers are the largest organisms in an ecosystem and require the most space to survive.

• Plants can only perform photosynthesis during the day, so tertiary consumers cannot get enough energy from consuming plants.

• A large proportion of energy is lost as heat as it is transferred up the pyramid, so there is not enough energy available to support another level.

• Tertiary consumers are often indicator species and are the first to be affected by environmental disturbances.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the movement of energy in an ecosystem?

• Energy is constantly recycled by decomposers for use by producers.

• Energy is harnessed by producers, and available energy decreases with each trophic level transfer.

• Energy is absorbed by plants through water and soil and then moves up the food chain through consumers.

• Energy is magnified as it moves up the trophic levels, and tertiary consumers store the most energy in a food web.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes gross primary productivity in an ecosystem?

• Gross primary productivity is the total amount of energy captured by producers plus the energy used by consumers over time.

• Gross primary productivity is the total amount of energy captured by producers minus the energy that producers respire over time.

• Gross primary productivity is the total amount of energy lost as heat during energy transfer between trophic levels.

• Gross primary productivity is the total amount of solar energy captured by producers through photosynthesis over time.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the net primary productivity of an ecosystem?

• Net primary productivity is the amount of energy captured by producers through photosynthesis over time.

• Net primary productivity is the amount of energy lost by producers through respiration over time.

• Net primary productivity is the amount of energy lost through respiration by producers subtracted from the gross primary productivity of an ecosystem.

• Net primary productivity is the amount of energy lost through respiration by producers added to the gross primary productivity of an ecosystem.

Multiple Choice

Scientists calculated the net primary productivity at two different forest sites. Both forests have the same gross primary productivity. Forest A has a net primary productivity of 1,650kcal/m^2/year, and forest B has a net primary productivity of 1,110kcal/m^2/year. Which of the following statements is best supported by the data?

• Forest A has a higher rate of decomposition by bacteria than forest B.

• Forest A has more biodiversity than forest B.

• Forest A producers have lower rates of cellular respiration than forest B producers.

• Forest A producers have more biomass than forest B producers.

Multiple Choice

In a given ecosystem, producers convert solar energy into 15,000kcal of chemical energy stored in organic compounds. Which of the following is the most likely amount of energy available to secondary consumers?

• 1.5 kcal

• 150 kcal

• 1,500 kcal

• 13,500 kcal

Multiple Choice

Algae in an aquatic food chain convert solar energy into 93,000 kilocalories of plant tissue. Which of the following values best represents the amount of energy available for secondary consumers in the food chain?

• 930 kilocalories

• 9,300 kilocalories

• 93,000 kilocalories

• 930,000 kilocalories