Measurements

Measurements

Length, volume and time

• Prefixes are placed before the unit

• We mainly use these in the metric system​

​Prefixes

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Multiple Choice

How many joules are there in 2.5 MJ?

• 2 500 000

• 0.025

• 2500

• 0.0025

Open Ended

The prefix ‘kilo’ means multiply by 1000 units. State the prefix meaning multiply by 1 000 000.

• These are things we can measure

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Base Units​

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Zero error- always make sure instrument starts at zero

Common Errors

SI Unit is the meter

Measure with a ruler

​ 1 m = 100 cm

• 1 m = 1000 mm

• 1 km = 1000 m

​Measurement

​Length

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Multiple Choice

The diagram shows four identical spheres placed between two wooden blocks on a ruler.

What is the diameter of one sphere?

• 1.0cm

• 2.0cm

• 3.0cm

• 4.0cm

Multiple Choice

A cylindrical can is rolled along the ruler shown in the diagram. The can rolls over twice.

What is the circumference (distance all round) of the can?

• 26cm

• 14cm

• 13cm

• 28cm

• ​Read below the meniscus

• ​For solids, we use cm³ or m³

• ​A volume of 1 cm³ is the same as 1 millilitre (mL)

Measurement

VOLUME​

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Multiple Choice

 

A student uses a measuring cylinder to measure the volume of some water. The diagram shows part of the measuring cylinder. The top and bottom of the meniscus are labelled.

What is the volume of the water?

• 47.0 cm³

• 47.5 cm3

• 49.0 cm3

• 46.0 cm3

Multiple Choice

A student wishes to find the volume of a small, irregularly-shaped stone.

A ruler and a measuring cylinder containing some water are available.

Which apparatus is needed?

• neither the ruler nor the measuring cylinder

• the measuring cylinder only

• the ruler and the measuring cylinder

• the ruler only

• Find the volume of your rock

• Find the volume of the small cube of metal you have​

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​Volume of different objects

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Multiple Choice

Which option contains only apparatus that could be used to determine the volume of a small block of unknown material?

• measuring cylinder, metre rule

• measuring cylinder, stopwatch

• metre rule, balance

• metre rule, stopwatch

Multiple Choice

Diagram 1 shows a measuring cylinder containing water.

Five identical steel balls are now lowered into the measuring cylinder. Diagram 2 shows the new water level in the cylinder.

What is the volume of each steel ball?

• 6 cm3

• 14 cm3

• 30 cm3

• 70 cm3

• ​SI Unit is the second

• measured with a clock

• Digital or analogue clock can be used ​

Time ​

Multiple Choice

What is the time shown on the clock?

• 4 seconds 33 milliseconds

• 4.33 seconds

Multiple Choice

A stopwatch is used to time a runner in a race. The diagrams show the stopwatch at the start and at the end of a lap of the race.

How long did the runner take to finish the lap of the race?

• 50.00 s

• 50.10 s

• 90.00 s

• 100.10 s

Multiple Choice

A cyclist rides round a track three times. Her friend uses a stopwatch to record the time at the start of the ride, after one circuit, and at the end of the three circuits. The readings from the stopwatch are shown.

What is the average time for one circuit of the track?

• 174s

• 198s

• 180s

• 200s

• Difficult to measure the period

• Trick is to measure multiples

• Take the average

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Measuring small quantities

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Multiple Choice

A pendulum takes 4.5 seconds to complete 20 oscillations. What is the time period of the pendulum?

• 0.225 s

• 90 s

• 0.45 s

• 45 s

Multiple Choice

Drops of water are dripping steadily from a tap. The diagram shows a measuring cylinder which has collected 120 drops of water.

How many drops in total will have been collected when the measuring cylinder reads 10 cm³?

• 48

• 200

• 180

• 300

Multiple Choice

A book has 350 pages and is 7 cm thick, excluding the cover. How thick is a single page of the book?

• 0.2 mm

• 0.5 mm

• 0.02 mm

• 5 mm

Multiple Choice

A student wants to measure how long it takes for a runner to take one step using a stopwatch. He is finding it difficult to measure accurately. What would give him the most accurate answer?

• Measure the time for 20 steps and divide by 20.

• Measure the time for two steps and divide by 2.

• Use a stopwatch that measures to more decimal places.

• Ask another student to measure the time for one step, as they may have a shorter reaction time.

• measurement with both magnitude and direction

• weight, displacement, velocity, force

​Vector

• measurement with only magnitude (size)

• mass, distance, speed, energy

Scalar

Scalars and vectors (E)

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1. distance

2. mass

3. speed

Scalar

1. displacement

2. weight

3. velocity

4. Force

5. ​

Vector

Matching vectors and scalars

Discuss differences​

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a vector?

• Pressure

• Temperature

• displacement

• speed

Multiple Choice

Which one is a scalar?

• force

• weight

• mass

• momentum

Vector addition

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Vector Addition