States of matter

​States of Matter

​Heating and cooling curves

​Experiment

• What happened to the temperature at the melting point

• What happened at the boiling point

• Explain your observations​

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• What is happening in each phase

• Discuss any difficulties you had in making your measurements or calculations.​

• What are some improvements you can make​

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Particle model

​Heating Curve

Multiple Choice

Which chart correctly shows a cooling curve for a gas that becomes a solid?

Multiple Choice

Substance A has a melting point of 98°C.

Substance B has a melting point of 801°C.

Both solids are heated until they become liquids and their heating curves are compared.

Which statement is true?

• The horizontal portion of the heating curve for substance B will be much higher than substance A.

• Both substances will have the same heating curves, as they are both solids changing state into liquids.

• The horizontal portion of the heating curve will be much longer for substance A compared to substance B.

• Both substances will increase their temperature at the same rate, as they are both solids.

How temperature and pressure affect gases

​Activity

Temperature vs Volume

Activity 1

1. Heat up the gas in the conical flask using the water bath

2. Record your observations in your notes

3. Cool down the flask using tap water and record what you observe

4. Discuss your results using the particle theory of gases​

5. Come up with a relationship (equation) that relates temperature and volume at a constant pressure.​

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Pressure vs Volume

​Activity 2

1. Decrease the volume of the gas and record the pressure

2. Repeat this at least 7 times until you have 7 sets of data

3. Plot a graph of pressure vs volume using your data

4. Comment on the relationship between pressure and volume

5. Use your graph to come up with an equation relating pressure and volume​

Some text here about the topic of discussion

• Force/Area

• Gases exert pressure on the walls of the container

• Relationship between pressure, volume and temp

​Pressure

• Add heat to a gas and particles move faster

• Particle move further apart

• This in turn increases the volume of the gas

​Temperature

How temperature and pressure affect gases

Hot-air balloon​