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Chapter 58: Emergency Care (pp. 846-864)

Chapter 58: Emergency Care (pp. 846-864)

Assessment

Presentation

Science

11th - 12th Grade

Medium

NGSS
HS-LS1-3

Standards-aligned

Created by

John Major

Used 4+ times

FREE Resource

36 Slides • 19 Questions

1

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(pp. 846-864)

2

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Emergencies can occur anywhere!

  • Sometimes, you can save a life if you know what to do.

  • Most agencies require nursing assistants to be CPR certified.

  • Updates can be found online at the American Heart Association's (AHA) website.

(pp. 846-847)

3

Multiple Choice

The emergency care given to an ill or injured person before medical help arrives is __________.

1

emergency medical system

2

first aid

3

Basic Life Support (BLS)

4

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

4

Multiple Choice

Before starting chest compressions during CPR, you must __________.

1

check for breathlessness

2

check for a pulse

3

check for a blood pressure

4

make the person comfortable

5

Multiple Choice

Before giving rescue breaths during CPR, you must __________.

1

check for adequate breathing

2

check for a blood pressure

3

check for a pulse

4

make the person comfortable

6

To activate the EMS system, do 1 of the following:

  • Dial 911

  • Call the local fire/police dept

  • Call the phone operator​

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(p. 847)

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Each emergency is different.

  • The rules in Box 58-1 (above) apply to any emergency​

7

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8

Multiple Choice

Chest compressions are given to adults at a rate of _____ - _____ per minute.

1

60 - 80

2

80 - 100

3

100 - 120

4

120 - 140

9

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE:

For effective chest compressions, the person must be supine and on a soft, comfortable surface.

1

TRUE

2

FALSE

10

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE:

Never practice CPR on another person.

1

TRUE

2

FALSE

11

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(pp. 852-853)

12

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(p. 853)

13

Multiple Choice

CPR is being given to a child by two people. Two breaths are given after every _____ compressions.

1

5

2

10

3

15

4

30

14

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE:

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is done for sudden cardiac arrest (SCA).

1

TRUE

2

FALSE

15

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Airway (a/w) obstruction may be mild or severe:

  • Severe a/w obstruction

    • Air does NOT move in and out of the lungs.

    • If obstruction is not removed -> person will die!

    • Use abdominal thrusts to relieve severe a/w obstruction (practiced in class)​

(p. 856)

16

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(p. 856)

Follow the rules in Box 58-1

  • Includes activating EMS system

  • Check pulse q2min

  • If no pulse -> Begin CPR!

  • If pulse is 60 or less in an infant or child: BEGIN CPR!​

17

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE:

Respiratory arrest occurs when breathing stops and the heart stops.

1

TRUE

2

FALSE

18

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE:

The airway (a/w) must be open to restore breathing.

1

TRUE

2

FALSE

19

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If you suspect a heart attack (MI):

  • Have person sit & rest

  • Loosen tight clothing

  • Activate EMS system at once!

    • Prompt tx will reduce amount of myocardial damage

    • Start CPR for SCA

  • Follow rules in Box 58-1 for MI​

(p. 857)

20

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(p. 857)

21

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22

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE:

Internal bleeding is controlled by applying direct pressure to the bleeding site.

1

TRUE

2

FALSE

23

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  • Low or falling blood pressure

  • Rapid -and- weak pulse

  • Rapid respirations (RR > 20)

  • Skin is cold, moist, and/or pale

  • Thirst

  • N/v

  • Restlessness

  • Confusion and LOC as shock worsens

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(p. 857)

24

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25

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE:

High blood pressure (HTN) and a slow, weak pulse are signs of shock.

1

TRUE

2

FALSE

26

Multiple Choice

To prevent and treat shock, do all of the following except __________.

1

keep the person lying down

2

control hemorrhage

3

keep the person cool

4

reassure the person

27

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  • Itchy rash

  • Swelling of face ,eyes, -or- lips

  • ​Flushed -or- pale skin

  • Feeling warm

  • Dyspnea/wheezing from a/w narrowing -or- swollen tongue -or- throat

  • Feeling of a "lump" in the throat​

  • Fast -and- weak pulse

  • N/v -or- diarrhea​

  • Feeling of dread -or- doom​

  • Dizziness -or- fainting (syncope)

  • Signs & symptoms of SHOCK​

S/Sxs of Anyphylaxis include:

(pp. 857-858)

28

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(p. 858)

29

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE:

Anaphylactic shock is a medical emergency.

1

TRUE

2

FALSE

30

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  • Have person sit/lie down to prevent fainting

    • Sitting -> person bends forward & places head between knees

      • See Fig. 58-22 (next slide)

    • Lying Down -> raise the person's legs (above level of heart)

  • Loosen tight clothing

    • E.g. Belts, ties, scarves, collars... ​

If the person has warning s/o fainting:

(p. 858)

31

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  • Activate the EMS system

  • Keep person lying down

    • Raise feet ~12 inches/1 ft

    • Start CPR for cardiac arrest

    • Give rescue breathing for respiratory arrest

  • Help person to sitting position after recovery from fainting

    • Do NOT let the person get up quickly

    • Observe for possible fainting again!

If fainting occurs:

(p. 858)

32

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a warning sign that a person may faint.

1

Dizziness

2

Talking

3

Fatigue

4

A slow, strong pulse

33

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  • Occurs when brain is suddenly deprived of blood

    • Usually, only part of brain is affected

  • May be caused by:

    • Thrombus

      • Blood clot

    • Embolus

      • "Travelling blood clot" (or fatty deposit; air bubble)

    • Hemorrhage

(p. 858)

Stroke (Cerebrovascular Accident [CVA]):

34

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​If you suspect stroke -> Activate EMS system at once!

  • Find out when sxs began

    • Most effective txs must be given w/in 3 hrs of onset​

    • Tell EMS staff the time

  • Follow the rules in Box 58-1

  • Keep person comfortable, warm, & quiet

    • Provide emergency care for seizure(s) if necessary

    • Start CPR for cardiac arrest; Rescue breathing for resp. arrest

35

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(p. 858)

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​(pp. 858-859)

36

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  • Brain injury

    • During or after birth

  • Issues w/ brain development

    • Before birth

  • Mother develops injury or infection during pregnancy​

  • Traumatic brain injury

    • E.g. Gunshot wound, sports injury, fall, blunt force to head

  • Brain tumor

  • Poison

    • E.g. Lead; alcohol

  • Infection

    • E.g. Meningitis; encephalitis

(p. 859)

37

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(p. 859)

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38

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(p. 859)

Emergency Care for Seizures:

  • You cannot stop a seizure

  • You can protect the person from injury

    • Follow the rules in Box 58-1

    • See Box 58-3 (2 slides away)

      • For when to activate EMS

    • Do not leave the person alone

    • Lower person to the floor

      • Protects person from falls

*** Rules continued in 2 Slides ***

39

Multiple Choice

A person is having a seizure. You should __________.

1

lower the person to the floor

2

remove all clothing

3

offer the person fluids

4

hold the person's tongue down

40

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(p. 859)

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42

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(p. 859)

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43

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE:

A person is having a seizure. To promote safety, you must restrain the person’s body movements.

1

TRUE

2

FALSE

44

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(p. 860)

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45

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(p. 860)

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46

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(p. 860)

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47

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(p. 860)

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48

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(p. 860-861)

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49

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(Heat-Related Illnesses; p. 861)

50

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(pp. 861-862)

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51

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(p. 862)

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52

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE:

Full-thickness burns are very painful.

1

TRUE

2

FALSE

53

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(p. 862)

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54

Multiple Choice

Emergency care for burns includes __________.

1

removing the person from the fire or burn source

2

leaving the burns open to the air

3

removing all clothing

4

covering the person in ice packs

55

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(p. 862)

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(pp. 846-864)

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