Effects of Energy Transfer

​Effects of Energy Transfer

How many forms of energy can you think of?

​Remember, energy is the ability to do work

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​Humans use energy to heat their homes, turn on lights, and charge their devices.

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Factories use energy to produce anything from toothpicks to airplanes.

How do people use energy?

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​Where does this energy come from?

Open Ended

What do you think our main source of energy is on earth?

The sun is our main source of energy. When the sun's light reaches earth, it can be stored in various ways.

Example: Plants use the energy from the sun, along with water and CO₂, to make sugar. ​

​Energy Sources

Multiple Choice

What does CO₂ stand for?

• Methane

• Water

• Carbon Dioxide

• Oxygen

​Energy Sources

• Chemical energy can be stored in minerals, gases, and foods.

• Earth's heat​ is another type of energy, called geothermal energy.

• ​An energy source is an availible source of stored energy

Multiple Choice

Which type of energy comes from the earth's internal heat?

• Geothermal energy

• Sun energy

• Chemical energy

• Nuclear Energy

Multiple Choice

Plants do NOT use this to make sugar, which is stored in their bodies as potential energy

• CO2

• Water

• Sunlight

• Oxygen

​Renewable Energy Sources

A renewable resource is an energy source that is easily reproduced or replaced by nature.

​They are replaced at the same speed they are used (or faster).

​Examples are sunlight and wind. ​

Humans can use these resources for energy ​withouth using them up.

Other renewable ​resources, like trees or crops, are destroyed as they are used, but they are renewable because they grow back quickly.

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Multiple Choice

Which is NOT a renewable resource

• Trees

• Wind

• Coal

• Sunlight

​Nonrenewable Energy Sources

A nonrenewable resource is an energy source that cannot be produced, grown, ro restored as fast as it is used.

For example: energy-rich minerals like uranium are nonrenewable because they no longer form.

Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are found deep below the Earth's surface. They take millions of years to form, so there is a fixed amount of these resources currently availible. ​

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Humans use coal, natural gas, and petroleum faster than they can form, so we will eventually run out

What are Fossil Fuels?

Fossil fuels are energy resources made from carbon-rich plant and animal remains.

Heat and pressure from layers of sediment converted the remains to coal, petroleum, and natural gas. They are nonrenewable because they take millions of years to form. Burning fossil fuels produces CO₂, a greenhouse gas, as well as harmful acids. ​

Subject | Subject

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Coal is a sedimentary rock formed from the remains of dead plants at the bottom of ancient swamps. Coal mining can involve removing soil and rocks and creating deep mines. These processes can destroy landscapes and pollute water supplies.

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Coal

​Some fossil fuels are gases that became trapped in rock formation. Methane (CH₄) is the main component of natural gas. About half of the homes in the US use natural gas for heating. Though it burns more cleanly than fossil fuels, it still produces CO₂ and can lean

Natural Gas​

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Multiple Choice

What does CH₄ stand for?

• Methane

• Water

• Carbon Dioxide

• Oxygen

Multiple Choice

What does H₂O stand for?

• Methane

• Water

• Carbon Dioxide

• Oxygen

Petroleum means rock oil. It is formed from the remains of single-cell aquatic organisms that lived long ago. Petroleum is mined in land or under the ocean. It is separated into fuels such as gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. Transproting oil by pipeline, ship, or truck sometimes results in spills that pollute soil or harm wildlife. Pollutants produced by burning petroleum can react with sunlight to produce smog.

Petroleum

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-technology to convert to electrical energy isn't widely available

-sunlight isn't reliable everywhere

Cons

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-Solar energy is free and clean

Pros

​Solar Energy

​Renewable energy from the sun is absorbed by solar panels and is converted to electrical energy

​Alternative Energy Sources

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-nonrenewable

-power plants produce radioactive waste that must be safely stored​

Cons

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-more energy than coal

-does not pollute the atmosphere with CO₂​

Pros

​Nuclear Energy

​Splitting the nuclei of a kg of uranium atoms releases thousands more joules of energy than a kg of coal

-can only be produced by large volumes of water

-reservoirs are sometimes flooded, which destroy habitats​

-Dams disrupt fish migration​

Cons

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-powered by the water cycle, so it is renewable

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Pros

​Hydroelectric Energy

Water energy moving downhill through a dam turns generators to create electrical energy

Open Ended

What is one reason why hydroelectric energy would NOT be a good option for our community?

-wind isn't constant

-noise pollution

-threat to birds and bats​

Cons

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-renewable

-doesn't cause pollution​

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Pros

​Wind Energy

Wind turns the blades of a turbine. This turns a generator, converting wind energy to electrical energy.

Multiple Select

What is a PRO for using wind turbines to harness wind energy?

• threat to birds and bats

• noise pollution

• renewable

• doesn't cause air pollution

• wind isn't constant

-not always available because they might be hard to access

Cons

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-renewable

-​water or steam can directly heat homes or buildings

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Pros

​Geothermal Energy

This is energy extracted from the earth and found in places like hot springs, geysers, and volcanoes.

Multiple Choice

Which is NOT a source of GEOTHERMAL energy?

• Sun

• Hot spring

• Volcano

• Geyser

-releases CO_2​ into the environment

Cons

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-renewable

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Pros

​Biomass Energy

Living or dead organic matter, like trees, crops, or decaying matter, used as fuel.

Multiple Choice

Which type of alternative energy would relate to a wood stove?

• geothermal

• biomass

• wind

• solar

Multiple Choice

Which type of alternative energy could we harness at Serpentine Hot Springs?

• geothermal

• biomass

• wind

• solar

Multiple Select

Which type of energy could threaten wildlife?

• geothermal

• nuclear

• hydroelectric

• solar

Multiple Choice

Which type of alternative energy could we harness with wind turbines?

• geothermal

• biomass

• wind

• solar

Multiple Choice

Which type of alternative energy could we harness with splitting uranium?

• geothermal

• biomass

• wind

• nuclear

Multiple Choice

Which is the formula for DENSITY

• D=V/g

• D=g/mL

• D=m/V

• D=mL/g

Multiple Choice

Which is the chemical symbol for ozone?

• CO₂

• CH₄

• H₂O

• O₃