Probability

PROBABILITY

​Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics (0580)

​https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZCPN9SfdH7c

Motivation to Probability

​Probability

Probability of Single Events​

Multiple "trials" or a combination

​Multiple Events

Only 1 "trial"​

​Single Events

Multiple Select

Probability can be represented by ...

• Ratio

• Decimal

• Fraction

• Percentage

Multiple Choice

What is the range of probability?

• ½ ≤ P(A) ≤ 1

• P(A) ≤ 1

• 0 ≤ P(A) ≤ 1

• 0 ≤ P(A)

Multiple Choice

What does it mean when the probability of an event is 1?

• the event will happen

• the event will never happen

• equally likelihood of the event to happen

• small likelihood of the event to happen

Multiple Choice

An event with a probability of equally likely as unlikely would be

• 0

• 1

• $$\frac{1}{2}$$  

• $$\frac{1}{3}$$  

Multiple Choice

If P(A) is the probability of event A, then find P(Yellow)

• $$\frac{3}{8}$$  

• $$\frac{3}{4}$$  

• $$\frac{4}{8}$$  

• $$\frac{4}{7}$$  

Fill in the Blanks

The numbers 1 to 20 are each written on a card. The 20 cards are mixed together and one card is chosen at random from the pack. Find the probability that the number on the card is a factor of 12.

Simple probability

Simple probability

Examples

Two coins are tossed at the same time. List all possible outcomes. Find the probability of obtaining: ​

a) two heads

b) a head and a tail

c) at least one head

Probability of Multiple Events

​Example

A red die and a blue die are thrown at the same time. Display all the possible outcomes. Find the probability of obtaining:

a) a total of 6

b) a total of 10

c) a 'three' on the red die and a 'four' on the blue die​

Probability of Multiple Events