Chapter 4

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between climate and weather?

• climate happens in that moment, weather happens over time

• weather happens in that moment, climate happens over time

• No difference, they mean the same thing.

Multiple Choice

Latitude strongly influences climate becasue ________ solar energy falls on areas that are closer to the equator than to the poles.

• the same amount of

• sometimes less

• more

• less

Multiple Choice

Climate in a regions is

• Determined only by seasonal daylight hours

• Never affected by ocean currents

• the atmospheric conditions on a given day

• the long-term, prevailing atmospheric conditions

Multiple Choice

Whats the difference between a climate and a micro climate?

• There are no differences

• Climate is the whole region while microclimate is areas within a region

• Microclimate is the whole region while climate is areas within a region

Multiple Choice

Which zone has the the coldest place on earth?

• Tropical

• Temperate

• Polar

Multiple Choice

Climate is affected by many factors including:

• latitude, elevation, and uneven heating of the earth

• tides and currents

• wind

• snow and sleet

Multiple Choice

What are the three main climate zones?

• tropical, thermal, polar

• tropical, temperate, polar

• cold, super hot, blah

• polar, tropical, humid

Multiple Choice

What are the two main factors that determine the climate of an area?

• precipitation and humidity
• temperature and air pressure
• wind conditions and humidity
• temperature and precipitation

Multiple Choice

What is the greenhouse effect?

• The warming of a planet due to trapped infrared radiation.

• The cooling of Earth due to air pollution.
• The heating of a solid, such as a rock.

Multiple Choice

If we didn't have the 'greenhouse effect' at all, Earth would

• have volcanoes erupting everywhere

• Cool to a point where we could not live here

• Catch on fire

• blow up from being hit by meteors

Multiple Select

Which of the following are greenhouse gases?

• Carbon dioxide
• Methane
• Water vapor

Multiple Choice

Match the term to the definition:

tolerance

• the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce under a range of environmental circumstances

• place where an organism lives

• an organism's particular role in an ecosystem, or how it makes its living

• any necessity of life, such as water, nutrients, light, food, or space

Multiple Choice

Match the term to the definition:

habitat

• the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce under a range of environmental circumstances

• place where an organism lives

• an organism's particular role in an ecosystem, or how it makes its living

• any necessity of life, such as water, nutrients, light, food, or space

Multiple Choice

Match the term to the definition:

niche

• the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce under a range of environmental circumstances

• place where an organism lives

• an organism's particular role in an ecosystem, or how it makes its living

• any necessity of life, such as water, nutrients, light, food, or space

Multiple Choice

Match the term to the definition:

resource

• the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce under a range of environmental circumstances

• place where an organism lives

• an organism's particular role in an ecosystem, or how it makes its living

• any necessity of life, such as water, nutrients, light, food, or space

Multiple Choice

Match the term to the definition:

competitive exclusion principle

• it states that no two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time

• an interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism

• interaction in which one animal feeds on producers, such as plants

• a species that influences the survival of many other species in an ecosystem

Multiple Choice

Match the term to the definition:

predation

• it states that no two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time

• an interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism

• interaction in which one animal feeds on producers, such as plants

• a species that influences the survival of many other species in an ecosystem

Multiple Choice

Match the term to the definition:

keystone species

• it states that no two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time

• an interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism

• interaction in which one animal feeds on producers, such as plants

• a species that influences the survival of many other species in an ecosystem

Multiple Choice

Match the definition to the term:

place where an organism lives

• tolerance

• habitat

• niche

• resource

Multiple Choice

Match the definition to the term:

an organism's particular role in an ecosystem, or how it makes its living

• tolerance

• habitat

• niche

• resource

Multiple Choice

Black bears and white-tailed deer are sometimes found in the same habitat, but they occupy different niches. Which best explains the difference between habitat and niche?

• Habitat is where the animal finds food, but niche describes its physical characteristics.

• Habitat is where the animal hibernates, but niche determines how well it competes.

• Habitat is where the animal lives, but niche defines its role in the ecosystem.

• Habitat is where the animal sleeps, but niche explains how it defends itself

Multiple Choice

This diagram is showing the concept of:

• niche
• biome
• producers and consumers
• biosphere

Multiple Choice

By causing species to divide resources, _________ helps determine the number, kinds of species, and the niche each species occupies.

• predation
• abiotic factors
• niche
• competition

Multiple Choice

When put together, one organism outcompetes the other for resources.  This is an example of:

• competitive exclusion principle
• speciation
• biological niche
• evolution

Multiple Choice

_________ can affect the size of prey populations in a community and determine the places prey can live and feed.

• Predators
• Ecosystems
• Omnivores
• Parasites

Multiple Choice

_______ can affect both the size and distribution of plant populations in a community and determine the places that certain plants can survive and grow.

• Predators
• Carnivores
• Omnivores
• Herbivores

Multiple Choice

An interaction in which one animal captures and feeds on another animal (the prey) is called _________.

• speciation
• herbivory
• predation
• carnivory

Multiple Choice

Changes in the population of a _________________ can cause dramatic changes in the structure of a community.

• group
• prey
• predators
• keystone species

Multiple Choice

What are the three primary ways that organisms depend on each other?

• predation, herbivory, and parasitism
• mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism
  
• symbiosis, predation, mututalism
• commensalism, predation, mututalism

Multiple Choice

Any relationship in which two species live closely together is called ________, which means “living together.”

• mutualism
• commensalism
• symbiosis
• predation

Multiple Choice

This kind of relationship between species in which both benefit is known as __________.

• predation
• parasitism
• commensalism
• mutualism

Multiple Choice

The relationship between the hummingbird moth and the flower is:

• mutualism
• commensalism
• parasitism
• predation

Multiple Choice

Relationships in which one organism lives inside or on another organism and harms it are called: 

• parasitism
• mutualism
• commensalism
• herbivory

Multiple Choice

This mosquito is demonstrating what type of feeding strategy?

• parasitism
• commensalism
• mutualism
• predation

Multiple Choice

The spider and web in the antlers is an example of ______________, a relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed.

• commensalism
• mutualism
• parasitism
• herbivory

Multiple Choice

Several species of warblers (a type of bird) can live in the same spruce tree ONLY because they

• have different habitats within the tree

• don't eat food from the tree

• occupy different niches within the tree

• can find different temperatures within the tree

Multiple Choice

Bird & Tree: A bird builds a nest in a hole in the trunk of the tree. It is protected from the rain and predators. The tree is not harmed or helped by the bird.

• Mutualism

• Commensalism

• Parasitism

Multiple Choice

What is the effect of removing prey from a food chain?

• All predators above them will die or suffer.

• The prey's predator will die or suffer, but everybody else should be fine.

• The prey will always, eventually, come back

• The predators population will grow

Multiple Choice

If the mouse population becomes sick and decreases, which statement about the food web will be true?

• The grass population will decrease.

• The hawk population will increase.

• The grass population will increase.

• The wildflower population will decrease.

Multiple Choice

Recently, a family of bobcats moved into an area with a large rabbit population. What changes may occur in the ecosystem?

• The rabbit population may increase
• The rabbit population may decrease
• The rabbit population may increase first, then decrease
• The rabbit population will remain the same

Multiple Choice

A population of mice lives in a barn community. A cat population has just joined the community. What will happen?

• Mouse and cat populations both go up?
• Mouse and cat populations both go down
• Mouse population goes down as cat population goes up
• Mouse population goes up as cat population goes down

Multiple Choice

___ are the first organisms to colonize an area and begin the process of ecological succession.

• foundational organisms

• introductory organisms

• primary organisms

• pioneer species

Multiple Choice

Primary succession occurs in an area that has:

• Has Soil

• Has No Soil

• Has Some Soil

• none of these

Multiple Choice

What is the main difference between primary and secondary ecological succession?

• Primary begins WITHOUT soil; Secondary begins WITH soil

• Primary is the first state and secondary is the second stage

• Primary builds plant community; secondary builds animal community.

• Primary begins WITH soil; Secondary begins WITHOUT soil

Multiple Choice

What is an example of an area that is likely to undergo primary succession?

• Glaciers melt and leave exposed rock

• Plants die from drought and decompose

• Land is bulldozed and soil remains

Multiple Choice

What is an increase of biodiversity over time, after a natural or man made disturbance?

• ecological recession

• climax recession

• ecological succession

• climax succession

Multiple Choice

What is the term that describes a steady and stable community?

• peak community

• turf community

• climax community

• disturbed community

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a pioneer species?

• Shrubs

• Lichen

• Mosses

• Fungi

Multiple Choice

What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?

• primary succession
• ecological succession
• secondary succession
• intermediate

Multiple Choice

The picture shows what type of succession?

• primary
• secondary
• tertiary
• quadanary

Multiple Choice

What is formed during primary succession that doesn't need to be formed during secondary succession?

• pioneer species
• soil
• climax community
• lichens

Multiple Choice

After a forest fire, an ecosystem would start regrowth through -

• primary succession
• secondary succession
• climax community
• limiting factors

Multiple Choice

Which catastrophic event will most likely have the effect of returning an ecosystem to primary succession?

• A tornado
• A volcanic eruption
• A flood
• A drought

Multiple Choice

Breaking News! A new island has formed off of Hawaii! What must occur for it to become an ecosystem?

• Secondary Succession

• Aquatic succession

• Primary Succession

• Ferns must grow

Multiple Choice

How do lichens contribute to primary succession?

• Lichens decompose organic matter from animals and plants
• Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil
• Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria
• Lichens convert carbohydrates into fossil fuels.

Multiple Choice

What is the name given to lichen or algae after a primary succession?

• pioneer species
• volunteer species
• founder species
• conqueror species

Multiple Choice

After a volcanic eruption, lava covers the land. What is the order that plants grow to repopulate the area?

• Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees

• Lichens → tree → shrubs→Grasses

• Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees

• Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees

Multiple Choice

What is the order of succession shown in this figure?

• A, B, C, D
• B, A, D, C
• C, D, A, B
• D, A, B, C

Multiple Choice

Final illustration (#8) shows

• pioneer species
• climax community
• only biotic factors
• only abiotic factors

Multiple Choice

Why does biodiversity increase during the course of succession?

• Biodiversity refers to the difference in ages of organisms, so some organisms arrive earlier than others.

• Over time, the same trees begin to reproduce and take over an area.

• Many populations of organisms gradually begin to occupy the same area to create a climax community.

• Many organisms move in to the area for a short amount of time, then leave to find a better habitat.

Multiple Choice

Ecological Succession is _____ in communities over time.

• change

• stability