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Ancient Asian Design

Ancient Asian Design

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History

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Created by

Alison Speer

Used 2+ times

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17 Slides • 6 Questions

1

​Ancient Asian Design

HISTORY OF INTERIORS I | FALL 2022​

2

Poll

Attendance... How are you?

So excited to learn about Indian and Chinese design!

Is it Friday yet?!

3

​Hindhu & Buddhist Design

​INDIA

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Indus Valley (3300-1700 BC)

(1500 BC: Aryans Settle = Caste System/Brahmanism)​

Evolves into Hinduism​; Buddhism opposes

​Harappan

Civilization​

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  • ​Originally referred to the people living in India (13th century). 18th century: refers to Indic rel​igion

  • Universal spirit (Brahman) "world soul"

    • Hindhu God of creation

  • Worship - Darhshan: auspicious sight

    • Going to temple to see god

  • Caste System: Not every religious practice can be undertaken by all members of society.​

Hinduism

  • Prince Siddhartha Gautama - Buddha

  • ​Anyone who understood the teachings of the Buddha could achieve salvation.

  • "Man is his own master and there is no higher being or power that sits in judgment over his destiny". (Khan Academy).

  • Worship: Meditation​

Buddhism​

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  • Metallurgy: the branch of science and technology concerned with the properties of metals and their production and purification.

  • Large exporter of Steel​

Iron Pillar of Delhi - Erected Before 5th Century BC

Indian Advancements

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  • Stepwells: Large trench with steps to reach down to water level.

  • Served social purpose as well. (Built through the 17th century!)

  • Gifts to the goddesses - associated structures and ornamentation

​Chand Baori (Stepwell from Indus Valley) - 13 stories deep = India's largest + deepest stepwell)

Indian Advancements

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​OVERALL ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES:

  • ​Lack of interior spaciousness

  • Minute ornament on almost every surface

  • Horizontal bands/lines

​​Hindu Architecture

  • Ste​pped structures set on platforms

  • Form arises from ornament vs. structure​

  • Precise and harmonious geometry when viewed from all four sides and above​

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​Sun Temple of Koranak, 13th century India

​Gopura & Nataraja Temple, 12th century India.

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​Brihadisvara Temple, 1011 AD

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​-A place of burial or a receptacle for religious objects. "Place of enlightenment" -Main focal point for a Buddhist monastic complex

​-CIRCUMABULATION​: walk around clockwise

Four Noble Truths:

1. life is suffering (suffering=rebirth)

2. the cause of suffering is desire

3. the cause of desire must be overcome

4. when desire is overcome, there is no more suffering (suffering=rebirth)​

Stupas​

​​Buddhist Architecture

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Great Stupa at Sanchi​

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Multiple Choice

What is Metallurgy?

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Large trench with steps to reach down to water level.

2

The branch of science and technology concerned with the properties of metals and their production and purification.

3

A place of burial or a receptacle for religious objects.

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Fill in the Blank

Question image

What architectural advancement is shown here?

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Multiple Choice

What is the main focal point for a Buddhist monastic complex? (A burial mound)

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Stepwell

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Stupa

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Temple

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Pillar

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Fill in the Blank

Question image

What is this image showing?

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​Invention, Repetition & Perfection​

​CHINA

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Hsai or Xia (2100 - 1600 BC)

Shang​ (1766 - 1123 BC)

Zhou or Chou (1122 -225 BC)

Qin or Ch'in (255 - 206 BC)

Han​ ( 206 - AD 220)

​Chinese Dynasty

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Cultivation of silk worms in order to produce silk.​

Large scale production: Chinese Shang and Zhou dynasties in the 2nd millennium BCE.​

Byzantine Empire steals silkworms​... Conquering by the Ottomans, who then close silk road = Age of discovery (Columbus looking for China, European colonization)

The Silk Road​: established by Han dynasty, 4000 miles long, bringing Buddhist religion to China (example).

Sericulture

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​c. 4500 BC

Sap of lac tree; durable and resistant to water, insects, alkalis and acids. (Complex process - 21+ steps)

Imitated in Europe​ (shellac)

Lacquer

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​Replaced bamboo strips and silk with paper made of rag (Han Dynasty; c. AD 105)

Taught the Arabs ... later introduced to Europe (13th century)​

​Paper

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Multiple Choice

Which is not attributed to Chinese innovation?

1

Sericulture

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Lacquer

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Metallurgy (Steel)

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Paper

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Theory of opposites (4th century BC)​; balance

Foundation of Chinese principle and medicine

#9: "everlasting" longevity, good luck

​Yin: Black, darkness, even numbers, females, earth, Yang: White, warmth, living, odd numbers, males, heaven, sun

Yin and Yang

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  • Beijing (today)

  • Political and ritual center of China for over 500 years​

  • ​9,999.5 rooms, 9 dragons, 9 spikes

  • Wood construction, ornate, symmetry...

The Forbidden City

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​​What?

(chi) ​Cosmic breath that created the universe, permeates everything and affects well-being.

​​Qi

​Feng Shui

​Ancient Chinese concept that the arrangement of space affects harmony wtih the environment by affecting qi.

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(chi) ​Cosmic breath that created the universe, permeates everything and affects well-being.

Bagua Map

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​Assignment

STEP ONE

​STEP TWO

STEP THREE: Sketch your home/ apartment in plan.

STEP FOUR: Apply the Bagua map on top of the plan.

STEP FIVE: Analyze your current space in regards to Fung Shei principles; what do you notice about your space? What areas might you be lacking? What can you change/add to create better Qi? ETC!

STEP SIX: Upload to D2L (image of plan with bagua map and thoughtful responses)

ALSO: for Furniture layout this is super helpful! ​

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YsBPqO3pv_Y

​DUE: Tuesday 10/11

​Ancient Asian Design

HISTORY OF INTERIORS I | FALL 2022​

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