Thermal Energy & the Kinetic Molecular Theory

Kinetic Molecular Theory :

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Thermal Energy

Thermal Energy Transfer

Conduction → Transfer of thermal energy by collisions between particles in matter. Occurs in solids, liquids, & gases. Metals are the best conductors.

Convection → Transfer of thermal energy in a fluid by the movement of warmer and cooler fluid from place to place. Occurs in liquids & gases.

Radiation → Transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves. Occurs in gases only.

Conduction

Transfer of thermal energy that occurs in solids, liquids, and gases when two substances of different temperatures touch.

Convection

Heat transfer caused by the rising of hotter, less dense fluids and the falling of cooler, more dense fluids.

Radiation

The transfer of energy by the movement of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles.

Conductor

A substance that allows the flow of electrical charge or transfers thermal energy through matter.

Insulator

A material that does not conduct heat or electric current

Multiple Choice

Heat is the transfer of _____ from one object to another due to a difference in temperature.

• Time

• Force

• Energy

• Velocity

Multiple Choice

The man's hand will immediately receive heat from the metal as the candle gradually warms it. That is called____?

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

Multiple Choice

"Metals" are the best____?

• Insulators of heat

• Conductors of heat

• Conductors of light

• Insulators of electricity

Multiple Choice

How does heat move?

• from a warmer to a cooler object

• from a cooler to a warmer object

• toward a hot object

• away from a cold object

Multiple Choice

Energy transmitted by electromagnetic waves

• conduction

• convection

• radiation

Multiple Choice

When you touch hot sand, heat is transferred by _________ to your skin.

• conduction

• convection

• radiation

Multiple Choice

Transfer of energy between solids by direct contact is:

• Conduction
• Convection
• Radiation

Multiple Choice

The sun shines down on this family as the play on the beach.

• conduction
• convection
• radiation

​Kinetic Theory

​Think like a molecule

KMT

Kinetic Molecular Theory | with Teacher Dan

Kinetic Molecular Theory

1. Gases are composed of tiny particles.

2. There are no attractive forces between molecules.

3. Gas molecules are always in constant random motion.

4. The molecules collide classically with container walls and one another.

5. The movement of gas molecules is affected by temperature. The average kinetic energy of the molecules is directly related to the temperature of a gas.

Phet - States of Motion

Some text here about the topic of discussion

​Solid

​Liquid

​Gas

​Heat of fusion

​Melting point

​Heat of vaporiztion

​Boiling point

Multiple Choice

What state of matter has a definite volume and a definite shape?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

Multiple Choice

What state of matter has a definite volume but no definite shape?

• solid

• liquid

• gas

• plasma

Multiple Choice

What state of matter has not definite shape or volume?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

Multiple Choice

In which state of matter are the particles moving the least random

• Gas
• Liquid
• Solid
• Plasma

Multiple Choice

In which state of matter are the particles only vibrating?

• Gas
• Liquid
• Solid
• Plasma

Multiple Choice

• Gases do not move in straight line
• Most of the volume of gas is empty space
• Gas particles are not in constant random motion
• Gas particles attract each other

Multiple Choice

The slower the particles in a substance move,

• the colder it is.
• the warmer it is.
• the more energy it has.
• the less energy it has.

Multiple Choice

Of these three states of matter, which one has the most kinetic energy? 

• Solid 
• Liquid 
• Gas

Multiple Choice

These properties describe a ___.

• solid

• liquid

• gas

Multiple Choice

These properties describe a ___.

• solid

• liquid

• gas

Multiple Choice

The more energy that particles have, the ___ they move.

• slower

• faster

Multiple Choice

The force of attraction between molecules is ___.

• intermolecular forces

• bridge forces

• chemical bonds

Multiple Choice

As matter changes state from liquid to solid, the atoms have ____ kinetic energy.

• more

• less

• the same

Multiple Choice

Which state of matter is found in our Sun and other stars?

• solid

• liquid

• gas

• plasma

Multiple Choice

The energy of an object as it is in motion is defined as

• Kinetic Theory
• Kinetic energy
• Potential energy
• Electric energy