Unit 2 Review/Lesson

ANALOGY

comparisons—to help readers understand complex ideas by presenting them in a familiar context.​

EXAMPLE

Using solar energy is like having money saved in the bank. It is stored and used at a later time when you need it.

In this example, the storage of solar energy is demonstrated by the familiar model of having money in the bank.​

Multiple Choice

Like a cooling rain on a hot summer day, a kind word to a hurting person can be wonderfully refreshing.

• summertime weather patterns

• ways in which people suffer

• how to write well

• the benefits of encouraging others

Open Ended

What is the analogy?

According to the Bible, it is easier for a camel to walk through the eye of a needle than for a rich person to enter heaven.

Open Ended

What is the analogy?

 Learning to be a good friend is like learning to ride a bike—we all make mistakes and fall down at the beginning.

ANECDOTES

a brief story that makes a point. Persuasive writers and speakers sometimes use anecdotes to support their arguments. Anecdotes can illustrate an important idea or position, making an idea more concrete and easier to understand. Because anecdotes often are personal stories, anecdotes can also make persuasive texts powerful and memorable.

Multiple Choice

What is the anecdote?

Students should be allowed to bring cell phones to school, for both personal and educational reasons. When we were studying the Civil War last month, three classmates and I used our cell phones to research important battles. With easy access to information and images, we were able to create and deliver an engaging presentation on the battles. Classmates loved it, and we all learned a lot.

• Students should be allowed to bring cell phones to school, for both personal and educational reasons.

• When we were studying the Civil War last month, three classmates and I used our cell phones to research important battles.

• With easy access to information and images, we were able to create and deliver an engaging presentation on the battles.

• Classmates loved it, and we all learned a lot.

Open Ended

How does the anecdote support the writer’s argument?

direct characterization: the writer directly states what a character is like.

EXAMPLE: Jolene was a cautious woman who had few close friends.

​

indirect characterization: the author describes what a character looks like; what a character says, thinks, or does; how the character interacts with other characters; or tells what other characters think about the character.

EXAMPLE:

Jolene has deep brown eyes that glisten when she smiles. (The description of the character’s appearance tells readers what she looks like.)​

​givereaders information about the characters in their stories

CHARACTERIZATION

first-person point of view

the narrator—often a character in the story—uses the pronouns I, me, and we. Readers learn about the story and about other characters from this first-person narrator’s perspective.

EXAMPLE I tried to apologize and hug Jolene, but she turned away. (What the first-person narrator says suggests that Jolene isn’t ready to forgive.)

Some text here about the topic of discussion

​I was pleased to observe the “missis,” an individual whose existence I had never previously suspected. I bowed and waited, thinking she would bid me take a seat. She looked at me, leaning back in her chair, and remained motionless and mute.

“Rough weather!” I remarked. . . .

She never opened her mouth. I stared—she stared also; at any rate, she kept her eyes on me in a cool, regardless manner, exceedingly embarrassing and disagreeable.

Multiple Choice

What type of characterization does the author use?

• direct

• indirect

Multiple Choice

poetry without rules; no set rhyme, rhythm, or pattern

• free verse

• parallel structure

• anaphora

• catalogues

Multiple Choice

repetition of words, phrases, and structures

• free verse

• parallel structure

• anaphora

• catalogues

Multiple Choice

repetition of an initial word or phrase

• free verse

• parallel structure

• anaphora

• catalogues

​No More Irony

I gave up on irony…forever. Like an ironing board I never wanted to see again. Only kidding.I did give it up once, though. Not kidding. Turned out irony’s a tough habit to break. Turned out I was sort of attached to the stuff. Irony was my best friend, my companion, my running mate. Can I ever give it up? Watch this. Oh wait, not now. Never mind.

Open Ended

​No More Irony

I gave up on irony…forever. Like an ironing board I never wanted to see again. Only kidding.I did give it up once, though. Not kidding. Turned out irony’s a tough habit to break. Turned out I was sort of attached to the stuff. Irony was my best friend, my companion, my running mate. Can I ever give it up? Watch this. Oh wait, not now. Never mind.

How does the poem exhibit free verse?

Open Ended

​No More Irony

I gave up on irony…forever. Like an ironing board I never wanted to see again. Only kidding.I did give it up once, though. Not kidding. Turned out irony’s a tough habit to break. Turned out I was sort of attached to the stuff. Irony was my best friend, my companion, my running mate. Can I ever give it up? Watch this. Oh wait, not now. Never mind.

Find an example of parallel structure in the poem.

Open Ended

​No More Irony

I gave up on irony…forever. Like an ironing board I never wanted to see again. Only kidding.I did give it up once, though. Not kidding. Turned out irony’s a tough habit to break. Turned out I was sort of attached to the stuff. Irony was my best friend, my companion, my running mate. Can I ever give it up? Watch this. Oh wait, not now. Never mind.

Identify an example of a catalogue in the poem.

diction

​aka word choice

a variety of types of words. For example: simple, sensory, specific, intellectual, abstract, and general words.

• words in pairs to create a rhythm or suggest unity. For example, “all lives and deaths”

• onomatopoeia, or words that sound like what they name. For example: squirt, plunk, and chatter.

Multiple Choice

As the old mother sways her to and fro singing her husky song

A. general words: fro is a common word used often

• general words: fro is a common word used often

• onomatopoeia: to and fro has a back and forth sound

• onomatopoeia: to and fro has a back and forth sound

Multiple Choice

He complains of my gab and my loitering

• words in pairs: words connected by “and”

• onomatopoeia: words imitating the sound of a bird

• intellectual words: words used in intellectual discourse

Multiple Choice

The wild gander, the house-sill, the chickadee

• abstract language: refers to an abstract concept

•  onomatopoeia: wild gander sounds like a goose call

• specific language: specific names of feathered animals

Multiple Choice

The spotted hawk swoops by and accuses me.

• words in pairs: swoops separates the word pair hawk, by

• general word: swoops is a common word used often

•  onomatopoeia: swoops imitates the sound of something moving through the air

Multiple Choice

The physics lesson sounded like Latin to the confused students.

• simile

• metaphor

Multiple Choice

My headache was a bass drum beating incessantly against my forehead and temples.

• simile

• metaphor

Multiple Choice

The kids who ran from the haunted house resembled sprinters approaching the finish line.

• simile

• metaphor

Multiple Choice

Caught in this storm at sea, the sailors were prey in the coils of a snake.

• simile

• metaphor

Multiple Choice

Kip ran so fast on the hot day that he panted as if he were a thirsty puppy when he stopped for a break.

• simile

• metaphor

Multiple Choice

They shut me up in Prose—

As when a little Girl

They put me in the Closet—

Because they liked me “still”—

• paradox: Girl locked in a closet

• slant rhyme: Girl and “still”

• exact rhyme: Girl and “still”

Multiple Choice

Compared with that profounder site

That polar privacy

A soul admitted to itself—

Finite Infinity.

• paradox: Infinity as Finite

• exact rhyme: privacy and Infinity

• slant rhyme: privacy and Infinity

Multiple Choice

The Eyes around—had wrung them dry—

And Breaths were gathering firm

For that last Onset—when the King

Be witnessed—in the Room—.

• paradox: eyes wrung dry

• exact rhyme: firm and Room

• slant rhyme: firm and Room

Multiple Choice

when the sun went down

• independent clause

• subordinate clause.

A clause is a group of words that has a subject and a verb.

An independent clause expresses a complete thought and can stand by itself as a complete sentence.

A subordinate clause (also called a dependent clause) cannot stand by itself as a sentence because it does not express a complete thought. Subordinate clauses begin with words such as since, that, until, which, because, although, when, as if, after, unless, before, if, and as though.

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Multiple Choice

that she had admired through the store window

• independent clause

• subordinate clause.

Poll

where the rooms were large and forbidding

• independent clause

• subordinate clause.

Multiple Choice

she was proud of her special talents

• independent clause

• subordinate clause.