Nucleic Acids

Multiple Choice

Cell differentiation is a process that changes less specialized cells into more specialized cells.

Which of the following controls cell differentiation?

• RNA coding ribosomes.

• Cell division caused by mitosis.

• Genetic information stored in DNA.

• Mitochondria in cell cytoplasm.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best supports the theory that gene expression is a regulated process?

• Genes produce mutations regularly.

• Gene expression only occurs during cell growth.

• Some genes are inactive or not expressed.

• The location of alleles determines gene expression.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following represents a nucleotide, the basic component of DNA?

Multiple Choice

Nucleotides in the strands of DNA molecules are held together by -

• ionic bonds

• hydrogen bonds

• physical bonds

• phosphate bonds

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a true statement about the genetic code of all organisms?

• The ratio of guanine to cytosine is nearly 2:1.

• The ratio of cytosine to thymine is nearly 1:1.

• The ratio of guanine to adenine is nearly 2:1.

• The ratio of adenine to thymine is nearly 1:1.

Multiple Choice

How is the information for specifying the traits of an organism carried in the structure in DNA?

• Traits are coded for by nucleotides.

• Traits are coded for by covalent bonds.

• Traits are coded for by phosphate groups.

• Traits are coded for by deoxyribose sugars.

Multiple Choice

Which molecule delivers amino acids to the ribosome during this cellular processes?

• rRNA

• Protein

• mRNA

• tRNA

Multiple Choice

Eye color, hair color, and height are all traits that are expressed in humans. Which of the following best describes how these traits are determined?

• DNA codes for specific proteins.

• RNA catalyzes amino acid assembly.

• Somatic cells divide during mitosis.

• Blood cells from parents are passed to offspring.

Multiple Choice

Bacteria can be genetically modified to produce human insulin for the medical treatment of diabetic patients.  The human insulin gene is placed into the DNA of a bacterium through the use of restriction enzymes and the bacterium becomes an insulin-producing factory.

This is evidence that bacteria and humans -

• have cells with nuclei.

• have identical genomes.

• share parts of a genetic code.

• reproduce sexually.