The Great Compromise

​Shay's Rebellion

+ The Northwest Territories..

Multiple Choice

Why did James Madison say the Articles of Confederation were no more effective at binding the states into a nation than “a rope of sand” ?

• the Articles of Confederation only applied to the Southern colonies.

• the Articles of Confederation were incredibly limited; they couldn’t even collect taxes.

• the Articles of Confederation were incomplete and hadn't been finalized

• the Articles of Confederation were old and used by the British

Multiple Choice

A region of the United States bounded by the Ohio and Mississippi rivers and the Great Lakes. The region was given to the United States by the Treaty of Paris in 1783.

• Enlightenment

• Northwest Ordinance

• Great Compromise

• Northwest Territory

Multiple Select

Why did Congress pass the Land Ordinance of 1785? [Select ALL that APPLY]

• The Land Ordinance of 1785 was passed to divide and develop land

• The Land Ordinance of 1785 was used to calm the Northern states

• The Land Ordinance of 1785 was used to calm the Southern states

• The Land Ordinance of 1785 was used to resolve the arguments over dividing up land from the Treaty of Paris (1783)

Multiple Select

Shay's Rebellion started when... [Select ALL that APPLY]

• rich landowners stormed the Massachusetts supreme court.

• the government of Massachusetts used tax money to pay off its debts instead of printing paper money

• the government of Massachusetts decided to raise taxes

• a rich landowner kicked a farmer off his land

Multiple Select

The increased taxes by the state of Massachusetts impacted farmers by... [Select ALL that APPLY]

• farmers were unable to pay the mortgages on their property

• farmers were unable to pay their taxes

• farmers who could not pay the higher taxes lost their farms.

• farmers were unable to buy food

Multiple Choice

In January 1787, Daniel Shay led 1,200 farmers to...

• lay a siege on the city of Boston

• attack the state capitol of Massachusetts

• seize the state arsenal [weapons] before going to Boston

• attack the state supreme court of Massachusetts

Multiple Select

Landowners and wealthy individuals in the United States feared that State governments would respond to Shay's Rebellion by... [Select ALL that APPLY]

• kick out farmers and help the wealthy

• weakening property rights of the wealthy

• would become more democratic

• vote to take property from the wealthy

Multiple Select

In response to Shay's Rebellion, many people in the United States argued that... [Select ALL that APPLY]

• Congress needed to fix weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation

• State's failure to deal Congress's lack of power might lead to more rebellions

• poor farmers should be kicked out and sent to Canada

• that the nation was at risk and weak

Multiple Choice

In Thomas Jefferson's letter to his friend from Paris, France, he argues that the United States is peaceful and could use a __________ every 20 years or so.

• pardon

• rebellion

• remedy

• anarchy

Multiple Select

Thomas Jefferson goes on to argue that "The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of __________ and ___________. "

• criminals

• tyrants

• soldiers

• patriots

Why were the Articles of Confederation so weak?

Why a Constitution was needed. An argument for a stronger national government.

Multiple Choice

Since the Federal Government COULD NOT tax, Congress...

• COULD NOT defend its borders

• COULD NOT raise money to pay its own army

• There was no guarantee ANY LAW Congress made would be followed.

• It could NOT ENFORCE its own laws...

Multiple Choice

Since ANY amendment [change] to the Articles of Confederation took ALL 13 States, Congress ...

• There was no guarantee ANY LAW Congress made would be followed.

• could NOT ENFORCE its own laws...

• had no easy way to CHANGE or fix how weak Congress was.

• COULD NOT defend its borders

Multiple Choice

Under the Articles of Confederation, who had the MOST POWER?

• the people

• Congress

• the President

• the States

Multiple Choice

Since there was NO Executive Branch [President], the new United States...

• could NOT ENFORCE its own laws...

• It COULD NOT raise money

• There was no guarantee ANY LAW Congress made would be followed.

• COULD NOT defend its borders

The Great Compromise

The Constitution

Creating a Constitution

What compromises emerged [came about] from the Constitutional Convention?​

Articles of Confederation*

The first written plan of government for the United States.

​

Creating a Consitution

*A confederation is an association of states that cooperate for a common purpose.

​

Constitution [definition]

a written plan that provides the basic framework of a government

​

Creating a Consitution

Constitutional Convention

• President of Convention: George Washington

• (#2) 12 of 13 States Attended the Convention 

  • Rhode Island boycotted 

  • Sam Adams, John Hancock, and Patrick Henry

• Father of the Constitution James Madison (Virginia) 

  • Took over 600 pages of notes

• Rule of Secrecy: Everything said at the Convention was kept a secret until the Convention ended.

​May 25, 1787

[Pennsylvania State House]​

John Locke 

• “Laws of Nature” 

  • Rights to “liberty” and “equality” 

• These ideas were reflected by Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence.

• Americans believed that a republic was the best way to protect these rights.

• (#1) Republic: A country governed by elected representatives.

Creating a Constitution

Enlightenment Ideas

​

Multiple Choice

Which State boycotted the Constitutional Convention?

• Massachusetts

• Virginia

• Rhode Island

• Georgia

Multiple Choice

The person considered to be the "Father" of the U.S. Constitution is...

• George Washington

• Thomas Jefferson

• James Madison

• John Adams

Multiple Choice

As a result of John Locke and Thomas Jefferson, many Americans felt that a __________ was the best type of government to protect rights to "liberty" and "equality."

• Democracy

• Republic

• Monarchy

• Dictatorship

(#1 - B)​

​This representative democracy, in the beginning, though, would only give voice to the free, wealthy, and landowning white males.

​Some text here about the topic of discussion.

How powerful should the national government be?

​

State's Rights & Power

Strong National Government

​Argued that a strong central government was needed to protect individuals’ liberty and property.

Wanted to keep States more powerful than the national government.

Fear: A strong national government would take away individual liberty.

Fear: More rebellions like Shay’s Rebellion would take place and cause the United States to fall apart.

(#3)

How to Balance the Power of Large and Small States​

Sections 4 & 5 - pgs. 151-152​

The Great Compromise