Relative clauses. Your online friend

​RELATIVE CLAUSES

ПІДРЯДНІ РЕЧЕННЯ​

​Lessons 25-26

​Plan of the period

1. To learn ne​w grammar

2. To practise grammar skills

3. ​To discuss the topic Your Online Friend

4. To improve speaking skills

5. To work with the text(reading, analyzing)

6. ​To practise vocabulary

​Let`s first read and try to translate the sentences:

The movie by Steven Spielberg, which I have just seen, impressed me.​

This is the ticket which my mother gave me for New Year.

The man with whom you danced at the concert, asked me your phone numbe​r.

​Relative clause - підрядне речення, яке виконує в реченні функцію визначення. Утворюється за допомогою відносного займенника (who / which / that), яке ставиться на початку підрядного речення після обумовленого слова. Відносний займенник іноді може бути опущений. Існує два типи підрядних означення: 

​Defining relative clauses      

• Уточнюють, про кого / про що саме ми говоримо. Часто починаються з відносного займенника who, which, that.

• Ми використовуємо who / that, коли говоримо про людей:             

The lawyer who / that works in this room is the best in the company. Юрист, який працює в цій кімнаті, кращий в компанії. (who / that works in this room говорить про те, який саме юрист​)

• Ми використовуємо which / that, коли говоримо про речі, поняття:               

The office which / that the CEO prefers is in the city centre. Офіс, який вважає за краще наш директор, знаходиться в центрі. (which / that the CEO prefers)говорить про те, який саме офіс.

Відносні займенники who / which / that можуть бути опущені, якщо вони є об'єктом:

The manager (who) we hired last week has already resigned. Менеджер, якого ми найняли минулого тижня.Найняли кого? – якого :) в сенсі менеджера; якого - об'єкт.

The manager who applied last week has already resigned. Менеджер, який звернувся до нас .Звернувся хто? – який :) в сенсі менеджер; який – суб'єкт​.

​Non-defining relative clauses

Використовуються, щоб дати додаткову інформацію про людину або предмет: Mr. Green, who is our best lawyer, is going to leave the company. Нам відома людина, про яку ми говоримо – Містер Грін.

That в якості альтернативи who та which НЕ ВИКОРИСТОВУЄТЬСЯ.​

Визначальне підрядне речення може ставитися не тільки до окремого слова, а й до всього головного речення цілком. Таке підрядне може вводитися тільки сполучником which. Знаходиться він завжди після головного речення: He never admits his mistakes, which is extremely annoying.​

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Whose вживається в Relative Clauses обох типів і показує приналежність (замість his / her / its / their і т.д.): Mr. Green, whose report you read yesterday, is our accountant. Містер Грін, чий звіт ви вчора читали, наш бухгалтер.​

В такому типі речень Relative clause відокремлюється комами!!!

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Task 1. Fill in the blank with the correct relative pronoun.

1. There are eighteen different kinds of penguins ______ live south of the equator.

A. whose B. what C. who D. which

2. Thank you very much for the present ______ you sent me.

A. why B. where C. who D. that

3. This is Mrs. Jones, ______ son won the championship last year.

A. which B. who C. whom D. whose

4. His girlfriend, ______ he trusted absolutely, turned out to be an enemy spy.

A. that B. who C. whose D. which

5. The bus crashed into a queue of people, four of _______ were killed.

A. them B. that C. whom D. which

​Task 2. Defining or Non defining Relative Clause?

1) He is the man that I met yesterday.

2) The author, who is 40 years old, won an award.

3) The book, which was published today, is sold out.

4) Robert’s parents, who are retired now, live in Spain.

5) That’s the girl who offered me the job.

6) The man, who happens to be my friend’s cousin, sent me a message.

​Task 3. Complete the sentences with relative pronouns from the line.

THAT – WHEN – WHERE - WHICH - WHO – WHOSE - WHY​

1. The new movie is about a boy _____________ has lost his parents in a car accident.

2. He is the young man, _____________ wife left him for someone else.

3. The DVD recorder _____________ I bought at this store a few days ago is not working.

4. That's the book _____________ I recommended reading in class.

5. Is this the hotel _____________ you are staying for the tournament?​

​YOUR ONLINE FRIEND

​How to make friends online?

​

​1. Join an interesting forum or group online.

2. Talk to people in video games you usually play​.

3.Make a profile on a friend-dating app or website.​

4.​?

​5.?

6.?​

​Task 4. Read the article about friendship. Six sentences are missing from the article. Choose from the sentences A–F the one which fits each gap.

​The family you choose yourself

Recently, I heard my sister say, ‘Friends are the family you choose yourself.’ (1) ……………………… Since she said it, I’ve seen it written on T-shirts, notebooks and pencil cases. Why is this saying so popular? I think it’s because for many people, friends are as important as family. We often prefer to spend our time with our friends. (2) ……………………… Friendship hasn’t changed a lot over time. Thousands of years ago, the Ancient Greeks thought that there were different types of friends. One was friends that are reliable and who will always help us. Another type was the friends who we have fun with – they might not be very reliable but we have a good time with them. (3) ……………………… This is a special friend who we have a lot in common with and feel close to and who will probably be a friend for life. (4) ……………………… We have friends who can help us with our homework. We have other friends who share the same interests as us and we have a good time with them. And we also have ‘soul mates’, who are often people we’ve grown up with. The difference is that our friendships change much faster. In the past our families were the most important people in our lives but that changed. (5) ……………………… We might also have to move away from our close friends. Then we have to find new ones and lots of younger people are starting to use the Internet for that. There are websites where you can find someone who likes doing the same things as you. For example, if you like running, you can find a friend who will go running with you. (6) ……………………… Changes in the way we live and the invention of modern technologies really do mean that friends are the family we choose ourselves.

​A Sometimes we even celebrate special occasions like birthdays with them instead of our families.

B When families started to live in different cities and even countries, friends became more important.

C I hadn’t heard people say that before, but it’s a very common phrase.

D The last type was the ‘soul mate’.

E If you want to learn a language, you can find people in different countries to practise with.

F Nowadays, we have bigger circles of friends but they are the same types that the Ancient Greeks talked about.

​Task 5. Match synonyms and antonyms. Find the secret message

​Match the synonyms Match the antonyms

​H/W.

1. Робота з карткою.

2. ​Написати есе на тему(10-15 речень) : How do I know if my online friends are real?

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Complete the sentences with the following relative pronouns:

THAT – WHEN – WHERE - WHICH - WHO – WHOSE - WHY​

1. My dad, _____________ travels a lot on business, is in Australia at the moment.

2. It was midnight _____________ the first rescue team arrived at the scene of the accident.

3. There are several reasons _____________ I am not allowed to give you any information.

4. We stayed at the famous Rockstar hotel, _____________ also had an indoor swimming pool.

5. Did you write back to the person _____________ offered you a job?

6. The story is about a young woman _____________ 5-year old son suddenly disappears. 7. The tennis court _____________ they usually play is currently not available.

8. My sister was born at a time _____________ my dad was out of work.

9. Where is the money _____________ I gave you yesterday?

10. That's the man _____________ I spoke to the other day.

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