Chemistry of Life 2.1 A

​Essential Question

​How is matter important for life?

Definition:

Matter: Anything that occupies space and has mass

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2.1 The Nature of Matter​

​2.1 The Nature of Matter

​Learning Targets

A. Identify the 3 subatomic particles that make up an atom.

B. Explain how isotopes of an element are similar and how they are

different.

C. Explain how compounds differ from their chemical elements

D. I can explain how radioactive isotopes are used in medicine.​

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2.1 The Nature of Matter​

​A. Identify the 3 subatomic particles that make

up an atom.

​Success Criteria

I can define the term atom, nucleus, and electrons

I can name the 3 subatomic particles

I can describe the structure of an atom

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2.1 The Nature of Matter​

​Definitions

​Atom: the basic unit of matter

Nucleus: the center of an atom containing protons and neutrons

protons: positively charged subatomic particle

neutron: subatomic particle without a charge

Electron: negatively charged subatomic particle found moving around the

nucleus of an atom.​

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Subject | Subject

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1. Protons

2. Neutrons

3. Electrons

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​2.1 Nature of Matter

​3 Components

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Orbit the nucleus

In constant motion

Levels of orbitals

1st - no more than 2 electrons

2nd - no more than 8​

3rd - no more than 8​

​2.1 Nature of Matter

​Electrons

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​Charge of Atoms

Atoms have a neutral charge because the number of protons equal the number of electrons.​

Subject | Subject

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​Definition

Element: Pure substance that consists of one type of atom.​

​Elements

​Elements

Represented by symbols.

C ? P ? H ? Cl ? Au ?​

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2.1 Nature of Matter​

​Atomic Number

Atomic number equals the number of protons in the nucleus

Carbon has 6 protons and 7 neutrons. Atomic number?

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2.1​

​Atomic Mass

Atomic mass: number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

• electrons are also part of the mass- but they are so small their affect is negligible.

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​Sodium: Atomic number is 11; number of neutrons is 12.

Atomic mass of Na? ​

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2.1​

Multiple Choice

Which of these are not subatomic particles of atoms?

• protons

• neutrons

• nucleus

• electrons

Multiple Choice

Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?

• protons

• electrons

• neutrons

Multiple Choice

Which subatomic particle is neutral?

• protons

• electrons

• neutrons

Multiple Choice

The center of the atom is the

• orbital

• neutron

• nucleus

• element

Multiple Choice

How many electrons can be found in the first level?

• 1

• 2

• 8

• 16

Multiple Choice

An atom has the atom has 12 protons and 14 neutrons. What is its atomic number?

• 6

• 12

• 14

• 26

Multiple Choice

An atom has the atom has 12 protons and 14 neutrons. What is its atomic mass?

• 6

• 12

• 14

• 26

Multiple Choice

An atom has the atom has 12 protons and 14 neutrons. How many electrons does it have?

• 6

• 12

• 14

• 26