CA 2 Review

The emergence of Seedlings (Germination)

Under the right conditions, seeds will absorb water and swell. When the seed absorbs enough water it will exert enough turgor pressure to rip open the seed coat. This will allow the seedling to emerge.

Multiple Choice

When a seedling emerges upright from the soil, which force is it overcoming?

• Gravity

• Magnetism

• Repulsion

• Heat

Multiple Choice

A ____ change only changes the look of the substance but NOT the chemical make-up.

• Physical

• Chemical

Multiple Choice

Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?

• DD

• Dd

• dd

Multiple Choice

What type of letters are used to show a trait is dominant?

• capital

• lowercase

Homozygous Dominant (RR)

Heterozygous (Rr)

Homozygous Recessive (rr)

Multiple Choice

The genotype, Pp, is _______.

• homozygous dominant

• heterozygous

• homozygous recessive

Multiple Choice

An organism's phenotype describes its __________.

• genetic makeup

• physical appearance

Punnett Squares are used to predict the probability of a cross of two parents.

Each parent has 2 alleles in their genotypes.

Multiple Choice

Green flowers are dominant to yellow flowers. If the parents (GG and gg) are crossed, what percentage of the offspring will have green flowers?

• 100%

• 75%

• 50%

• 25%

• 0%

Multiple Choice

Green flowers are dominant to yellow flowers. If two heterozygous parents are crossed, what percentage of their offspring will be homozygous dominant?

• 100%

• 75%

• 50%

• 25%

• 0%

Multiple Choice

An organism's genotype describes its __________.

• genetic makeup

• physical appearance

​Chemical Change Demonstration

​

Multiple Choice

Why is tearing a sheet of paper into pieces a physical change?

• Tearing of a paper is a physical change because when the paper is torn only the shape and size of the paper is changed, no new substance is formed.

• Tearing of a paper is a physical change because when the paper is torn only the shape and size of the paper does not change and new substance is formed.

Multiple Choice

Is it a physical or chemical change?

• Physical

• Chemical

Multiple Choice

The metal is rusting.

Is it a physical or chemical change?

• Physical

• Chemical

Geotropism (Response to Gravity)

• Plants respond to the force of gravity

• The roots of the plant will always grow towards gravity

• The stem of the plant will always grow away from gravity.

Multiple Choice

Look at the stages of growth.

Which stages represent the effects of positive and negative geotropism?

• B and C

• A and B

• C and D

• B and A

Multiple Choice

The picture shows a seed germinating and growing into a young plant. Many forces are at work in the process of

forming a seedling. The roots of the seedling grow downward into the soil, and the stem of the seedling grows upward

above the soil.

What stimulus is the seedling responding to that causes the roots and stem to grow in opposite directions?

• Water

• Light

• Gravity

• Temperature

Multiple Choice

When plants began to wilt they are experiencing a loss of water concentration inside their vacuoles. Therefore, there

is a greater amount of force being exerted by the cell walls on the plant. This effect is due to low____________.

• Oxygen Level

• Gravity

• Turgor Pressure

• Photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

The pictures above show a gerbera daisy that has experienced a change called wilting. Which of the statements below

best describes what has happened from Picture A to Picture B?

• Water entering the plant increased the turgor pressure in the cells of the flower.

• Water entering and leaving the cells of the flower at equal rates kept turgor pressure equal.

• Lack of water in the soil decreased the turgor pressure in the cells of the flower.

• Lack of sunlight on a cloudy day caused the flower to lose turgor pressure.

Multiple Choice

Which statement best describes the illustration?

• Plant A has less turgor pressure than Plant B

• Plant B has less turgor pressure than Plant A

• Rigidity of Plant A is less than Plant B due to turgor pressure

• Rigidity of Plant B is greater than Plant A due to turgor pressure

Circulatory System (Heart pumps the blood)

• The heart contracts (beats) and squeezes out blood.

• This pushes the blood along the arteries moving away from the heart.

• Blood returns to the heart through the veins

Multiple Choice

A normal heartbeat involves several steps that occur in a sequence.

What statements describe how force affects the motion of blood during a heartbeat?

• Statements 1 and 3

• Statements 2 and 3

• Statements 1, 2, and 3

• Statements 2, 3, and 4

Multiple Choice

Which of the following demonstrates an organ providing a force?

• The eye transmits information to the brain.

• The heart contracts and expands to move blood.

• The kidney filters waste from blood.

• The skin protects other organs from damage.

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE: Sexual reproduction requires two parents

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE: There is only one type of asexual reproduction

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

All of the following are disadvantages of asexual reproduction except:

• can be complicated

• much more difficult for organisms to adapt

• no genetic variation

• all bad traits are passed on

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not an type of asexual reproduction?

• budding

• fragmentation

• fission

• fusion

Multiple Choice

A farmer grows a crop of corn from genetically identical seeds (clones). A disease infects one of the corn plants. What will most likely happen to the other corn plants?

• They will develop more genetic variation

• They will begin to reproduce more quickly

• They will become infected with the disease

• They will develop defenses against the disease

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best explains the advantage of sexual reproduction to wild horses?

• It allows foals (babies) to have new combinations of traits

• it prevents foals fo the same parents from showing variation

• it allows foals to have the preferred traits of both parents

• it prevents parents from passing undesired traits to their foals