Higher Biology - Unit 1.8

​Unit 1.8

Genomic Sequencing​

​Genomic Sequencing

​The process in which the sequence of nucleotide bases determines individual genes or even entire genomes

​Bioinformatics

​-A type of research in which the statistical element of sequence data is analysed

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-I​nvolves the use of computer programs which can identify base sequences

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-Base sequences can be compared to those of other individuals to looks for similarities and differences​

​This can be useful in:

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​-Comparison of genomes from different species in research

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-Personal genomics and health

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-Phylogenetics​

​Comparison of genomes from different species

​Many genomes have been sequenced and compared from those of organisms related to health, disease, agriculture and improving further research:

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-Practising this on disease causing organisms can help with accurate diagnosis

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-Sequencing on pest species can help identify risks and lead to more methods of biological control being developed

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-Sequencing modal organisms such as fruit flies means they can be used in medical research in the place of mammals ​

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​Phylogenetics

​- Genomic sequencing can be used to work out the evolutionary relationships of different species, or groups of organisms

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-Species with more similarities in their genomes are more closely related​

​Phylogenetics can be used to work out:

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