Special senses

Multiple Choice

The GENERAL SENSES contains sensory receptors scattered in different parts of the body while the SPECIAL SENSES contains sensory receptors in specific areas of the five senses.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Sensory Receptors are collection of _____ that are specialized for receiving specific kinds of stimuli.

• Dendrites

• Cell Body

• Axon

Multiple Choice

This is a process by which the SENSORY RECEPTORS (of Special Senses) receive a certain stimulus.

• Sensation

• Perception

• Transduction

Multiple Choice

You discover a new cell type and determine that there are many mechanically-gated ion channels on the cell membrane. You predict the function of this cell is to:

• Conduct action potentials

• Contract

• Detect a physical stimulus

• Detect a chemical

Multiple Choice

This is a process by which the BRAIN integrates and interprets a received stimulus.

• Perception

• Sensation

• Transduction

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are NOT correctly matched?

• Odorant- Olfaction

• Tastant- Gustatory

• Sound waves- Vestibular

• Light- Vision

• Sound waves- Audition

Multiple Choice

This is a process by which SENSORY RECEPTORS convert raw data from stimulation into data or signal by which the brain understands (𝚊 change in membrane potential)

• Transduction

• Sensation

• Perception

Multiple Choice

Which is the correct order of the olfactory pathway?

• odorant --> olfactory receptors--> cranial nerve I --> other parts of the brain

• odorant --> cranial nerve I --> olfactory receptors --> other parts of the brain

• olfactory receptors--> odorant --> cranial nerve I --> other parts of the brain

• olfactory receptors --> cranial nerve I --> odorant --> other parts of the brain

Olfactory pathway

Multiple Choice

What type of receptor is used in olfaction?

• G protein-coupled receptors

• Leak channels

• Gated ion channels

Marieb Figure 15.21

Olfactory transduction

Multiple Choice

bumps on the tongue that contain taste buds

• papillae

• hair cells

• ossicles

• mechanoreceptors

Tongue overview

Figure 15.3

Multiple Select

What type of receptor(s) is/are used in gustation

• G protein-coupled receptors

• Leak channels

• Gated ion channels

Multiple Choice

Regarding the two mechanisms for the types of gustatory receptors: salt and sour both use Na+ channels

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What is the correct order of the gustatory pathway?

• Food chemicals --> Taste receptors --> cranial nerves --> thalamus --> primary cortex

• Food chemicals --> Taste receptors --> cranial nerves --> rest of the brain

• Food chemicals --> Taste receptors --> thalamus --> cranial nerves --> primary cortex

• Food chemicals --> Taste receptors --> thalamus --> rest of the brain

Gustatory pathway

5

4

2 Cranial Nerves

Carry Gustatory
Information

3

Start

1

Martini Figure 15.4

Multiple Choice

If your ossicles were removed, you would NOT be able to:

• Equalize pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane

• Maintain your sense of balance

• Transmit sound waves to the inner ear

• Carry nerve impulses to the cerebrum

Multiple Choice

part of the ear that functions in hearing

• cochlea

• semicircular canals

• labyrinth

• round window

Silverthorn Figure 10.15

The Ear

Semicircular

canals

Nerves

Round
window
To
pharynx

Vestibular
apparatus

Multiple Choice

hearing receptors found in the organ of corti in the ear

• ossicles

• hair cells

• chemoreceptors

• thermoreceptors

Figure 44.3 & 5

(a) The middle chamber
of the fluid-filled cochlea
contains hair cells.

Cochlea

Auditory
nerve
(to brain)
Fluid-filled chambers

Tectorial
membrane

Neurons
(of auditory
nerve)

Hair cells

(b) Hair cells are sandwiched
between membranes.

Stereocilia
Tectorial
membrane

Hair cells

Basilar membrane

Axons of sensory neurons

Sensory
transduction

Multiple Choice

Which is the correct pathway for audition

• Sound waves --> Hair cells --> vestibulocochlear nerve --> Thalamus --> auditory cortex

• Sound waves --> Hair cells --> vestibulocochlear nerve --> Vestibular nucleus

• Sound waves --> Hair cells --> vestibulocochlear nerve --> Vestibular nucleus --> thalamus

Ear to cortex

Marieb Fig
15.33

Multiple Choice

Within the inner ear, hair cells transduce sound waves to neural signals. Specifically, they contain mechanically-gated K+ channels that open in response to physical distortion when sound waves pass through the inner ear. What must be true about the concentration of potassium in the endolymph of the inner ear compared to the inside of the hair cell?

• It must be higher in the endolymph

• lt must be lower in the endolymph

• It must be equal in the two locations

• It cannot be determined