Chapter 9.3

Chapter 9.3 -

A Time of Conflict

• America depended on trade with Europe to sell natural resources & buy manufactured goods.

• Since gaining independence - pirates began attacking American ships, as they were no longer protected by the British Navy.

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Defeating the Barbary States

​Defeating the Barbary States

• The pirates came from four, small, North African Countries: Morocco, Algiers, Tunisia & Tripoli (The Barbary States).

• Barbary pirates raided U.S. ships - taking property and enslaving the American sailors.

• European governments had stopped the raids by paying tribute - a bribe, or protection money.

Multiple Choice

Where were the Barbary States located?

• Northern Coasts of Africa

• Southern Coasts of Africa

• Near Present Day Ireland

• Near Present Day Egypt

​Defeating the Barbary States

• ​For a time - the U.S. also paid tribute to the pirates to stop the attacks.

• Jefferson sent war ships to the Mediterranean Sea to attack the pirates.

• At first, these naval patrols go poorly for the U.S.

• (1804) The war ship - U.S.S. Philadelphia runs aground and is captured by the pirates.

• Stephen Decatur returned with sailors to the port of Tripoli where they snuck onto the captured war ship and burned it to the water line to keep it from being used by the pirates.

​Defeating the Barbary States

• ​The following year, a small force of American Marines marched 600 miles across the Sahara Desert to capture Tripoli. "To the Shores of Tripoli."

• Victory here inspires a wave of confidence in Americans. We CAN deal with our problems with a forceful "hand" if necessary.

Multiple Choice

America's response to the Barbary Pirates proved that the United States...

• was willing to fight back against those who threatened American security and prosperity.

• should've just continued to pay tribute instead of fighting.

• was ready to take on any foreign threat - like Britain & France.

• ​By 1803 - France and Britain were at war again.

American Neutrality is Challenged

• ​America saw an opportunity and continued to trade with both countries - economic strength.

• France and Britain both tried to weaken the other country by attacking each other's trading partner - the U.S.

• In five years, France seized 500 American ships. Britain had seized 1,000.

• Britain began to impress American sailors, kidnapping and forcing them to serve in the British Navy.

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​American Neutrality is Challenged.

• Jefferson did not want to go to war with France or Britain.

• In an attempt to make the two countries to respect America's neutrality - Jefferson responded with an embargo on both countries.

  • This meant that imports & exports from/to these countries was banned.

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Jefferson Responds..

Match

Vocabulary Check - Match the following.

• Embargo

• Tribute

• Impressment

• Export

• Import

A ban on all trade - imports & exports.

An offering or payment.

Kidnapping & forced labor of sailors.

Domestic trade goods leaving the Country.

Foreign trade goods entering the Country.

• A ban on all trade - imports & exports.

• An offering or payment.

• Kidnapping & forced labor of sailors.

• Domestic trade goods leaving the Country.

• Foreign trade goods entering the Country.

• The embargo hurt America more than any of the other two countries.

• In one year - American exports fell from $109 million to $25 million. Tens of thousands of Americans lost their jobs.

  • Many Sailors & Merchants turned to smuggling goods in & out of the country.

• In Jefferson's last year in office, the Embargo Act was repealed - slowly allowing America to once again trade with foreign countries.

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Jefferson Responds..

Open Ended

What did many out-of-work Sailors & Merchants resort to due to the Embargo?

• Americans continued to settle further west into Native American lands.

• Measles, smallpox, and influenza killed thousands of Native Americans as Americans came into contact with more tribes.

• Native Americans were losing hunting grounds due to encroachment.

• Their power and population were declining.

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Tecumseh & The Prophet

Multiple Select

Select all that apply - Native Americans faced which of the following issues due to American Encroachment?

• Death of thousands due to new diseases.

• Loss of important hunting grounds & animal populations.

• Cultural Challenges - new interactions with people who had very different world views & beliefs.

• Loss of land - as Americans continued to push further west.

​New Leaders Take Charge

• ​Two Shawnee brothers - Tecumseh and The Prophet (Tenskwatawa) began urging Native American resistance.

• ​Tecumseh united the western tribes into a league to restore Native American's power and land.

• ​Tecumseh traveled widely spreading his message.

• Americans were very concerned about the power Tecumseh was amassing.

• In 1811 - William Henry Harrison, governor of the Indiana Territory, decided to take action.

• While Tecumseh was trying to unite more tribes in the south - Harrison took the opportunity to attack the League near Prophetstown.

• At the Battle of Tippecanoe - Harrison defeated the Native American Confederation. This was the high point of Native American resistance to American settlement.

Multiple Choice

What was the name of the Battle in which Tecumseh's forces were defeated at Prophets' Town?

• Battle of Tippecanoe

• Battle of Fallen Thimbers

• Battle of the Thames

• Battle of York