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Intro To Argumentative

​

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of an argument?

• TO EXPLAIN
• TO PERSUADE
• TO ENTERTAIN
• TO INFORM

​Example: Schools should have four day weeks.

Multiple Choice

What is a claim?

• A piece of evidence to support your position

• Your position on a topic

• A reflection on the topic or why the topic is important

• A sentence meant to draw the reader in

Multiple Choice

Any information that helps prove a claim.

• evidence

• argument

• counterclaim

• thesis

Multiple Choice

The legal driving age should be raised to 18.

• Claim
• Evidence

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a claim?

• California is the best state in the USA.
• Twinkies taste better than other snack cakes because of their texture, their creamy filling, and their golden appearance.
• The school year began on August 18 and will end on June 4
• Christmas is the best holiday of the year.

Multiple Choice

Statements that address opposing viewpoints.

• counterclaims

• rebuttels

• claims

• arguments

Multiple Choice

If your claim is, “Students should wear school uniforms,” your counterclaim would be ...

• Some students should wear school uniforms.

• I don’t like school uniforms because they are ugly.

• Students should not wear school uniforms.

• School uniforms would be a good idea.

Multiple Choice

What does the REASON do?

• Explains evidence

• It makes a good argument

• Tells your opinion

• Tells why you think what you think

Multiple Choice

Is the example below a claim, reason, or evidence?

Ex. Dogs can protect you from home intruders.

• Claim

• Reason

• Evidence

Multiple Choice

Which evidence matches the reason "Sleep is needed to grow the right way."

• Researchers have discovered that kids getting 10-11 hours of sleep a night grow taller than those that don't.

• According to Kids Health, scientists have proven that kids getting 10-11 hours of sleep a night are nicer and have more friends.

• My mom only gets 4 hours of sleep a night and is really stressed out and tired all the time.

• Sleep is good for your skin and will make wrinkles in your face much smaller.

Multiple Choice

A text that takes a side on an issue or problem and supports it with reasons and evidence

• Narrative

• Explanatory

• Argumentative

Multiple Choice

Facts, quotations, examples, anecdotes, and statistics can all be used as _______________.

• evidence

• claims

• arguments

• counterclaims

Multiple Select

The purpose of an argumentative/persuasive/opinion writing is to do what?

• To change the world

• Persuade the reader to agree with what your claims

• To convince the reader to believe or do something

• To argue with the reader

• To display that you can support your claims with facts and reasoning

Argumentative Writing

How should my argumentative essay look?

Essay Structure

Many essays follow a FIVE PARAGRAPH structure. This is an easy format to remember, and it allows you to clearly state your ideas.

Our essay will include:

Introduction/Thesis Paragraph

Body 1

Body 2

Body 3

Conclusion Paragraph

Multiple Choice

How many paragraphs should your essay have?

• 2

• At least 5

• 4

• 3

Introduction Paragraph

Your introduction paragraph tells the reader what you are going to write about in your essay. The intro paragraph should tell the reader:

The topic Which side you are taking (Claim)

An idea the REASONS you will give

Multiple Choice

Your introduction should have a HOOK that makes the reader interested.

• True

• False

Body Paragraphs

A basic body paragraph:

Tells ONE of your reasons

Cites evidence

Explains how that evidence shows your reason is true

Multiple Choice

How many reasons should you include in each body paragraph?

• Only 1

• 2

• 3

• 4 or more

Body Paragraphs - Template

Reason: State a good reason why your thesis is correct. 

Evidence 1: Introduce your evidence with some context.

Evidence 2: Use facts, statistics, or expert opinions to support your claim. (This is where you quote or paraphrase.)

Commentary: Explain why your evidence is important.

Conclusion: Wrap up by restating your reason in new words.

Multiple Choice

What TYPE of sentence is NOT in a body paragraph?

• Reason

• Evidence

• Commentary

• Introduction

Body Paragraph - Example

Reason: Takis have a better flavor than hot cheetos.

Evidence 1: To see how unique Takis flavor really is, you only need to look at the bag.

Evidence 2: Each bag of Takis includes a picture of a lime, highlighting its lime flavor (Takis 3).

Commentary: This is unique to Takis alone, Cheetos don’t have any lime!

Conclusion: This shows that Takis have a special flavor.

Body Paragraph - Example

Takis have a better flavor than Hot Cheetos.

To see how unique the flavor of Takis really is, you only need to look at the bag. Each bag of Takis includes a picture of a lime, highlighting its lime flavor (Takis 3). This is unique to Takis alone, Cheetos don’t have any lime! This shows that Takis have a special flavor.

Multiple Choice

You can change the order of your evidence and commentary sentences if you need to.

• True

• False

Conclusion Paragraph

Your conclusion paragraph tells the reader what you just explained in your essay. The conclusion paragraph should:

Re-state which side you supported (claim)

Summarize your three reasons

End with a strong statement about WHY you are correct

Multiple Select

Your conclusion paragraph should:

• Summarize your reasons

• Restate your claim

• End with a strong statement that shows you are correct

• End with "This is the end of my essay."

• Include spelling and grammar errors

Argumentative Conclusions

​

Parts of the Jigsaw

• Restate the opinion, position, belief, or proposal

• Acknowledge the opposition

• Remind the reader what's at stake

• Reveal a call to action (if this applies)

• Finish with a clever one-liner

Restate the thesis statement

• Should not be the same thesis statement

• Change the wording

• Examples:

• By using genetic engineering the world can become a healthier, safer place for people to live.

• Genetic engineering creates more problems than it solves because scientists don't know everything about genetics.

Multiple Choice

You should restate your thesis statement word for word in the conclusion.

• true

• false

Acknowledge the opposition

• You need to acknowledge the other side again

• This should be done early in the conclusion so it doesn't distract from your point of view or opinion

Remind the reader what is at stake

• In this sentence, you are demonstrating what the consequences are if the reader doesn't agree with your point of view.

• Answers the question So what? or is called the Consider this statement

• This sentence adds drama to your argumentative paper or pulls at the reader's heartstrings

Multiple Choice

The two sentences following your restated thesis are...

• the opposition and so what?/consider this

• the so what? and consider this

• the opposition and the thesis statement

• the opposition only

Reveal a call to action

• This sentence is only included in your conclusion if it is needed.

• Not every argument or persuasive paper will have a call to action.

• If you do use a call to action, you are telling the reader to: do something, stop doing something, say something, stop saying something, buy something, try something, etc.

Finish with a clever one-liner

• This is the last sentence in your conclusion.

• This is the line that is witty, has a unique twist, or uses a play on words.

• This sentence ends your paper and sticks with the reader.

• It leave them thinking about what you said in your paper.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence is optional in your conclusion?

• Every sentence is required

• The clever one-liner

• A call to action

• The thesis statement

Multiple Choice

The first sentence in your conclusion is...

• The call to action

• Acknowledging the opposition

• The So what? or Consider this statement

• Restated thesis statement

Multiple Choice

What comes after your restated thesis statement?

• Acknowledge the opposition

• The clever one-liner

• The call to action

• The So what? or Consider this statement

Multiple Choice

What comes after the acknowledgement of the opposition?

• The clever one-liner

• The thesis statement

• The So what? or Consider this statement

• An explanation of the opposition's view

Argumentative Review

Let's Review!

Point of View

• 1st person

• First-person point of view-A character in the story is telling the story. If you see the words "I," "me," or "we," then the story is in the first-person point of view.

• 3rd Person

• This is when an external narrator is telling the story. 

Multiple Choice

The following passage (paragraph 6) is told in the_________ tense, from a ___________ point of view.

"I am tired of hearing that volleyball is easy. I resent that this article implies volleyball players have somehow chosen an “easier” path. More young women are choosing to play volleyball because it is tough. It is competitive. It is fierce and fun. That’s it."

• A. present; first-person

• B. present; third-person

• C. past; first-person

• D. past; third-person

Multiple Choice

With which sentence of the SportsNews article (paragraph 2) does the author of the letter most strongly disagree?

Athletes go where they find success. Basketball is a difficult sport to master. Unless you’re willing to put in the time and effort and have a certain level of athleticism and hand-eye skills, you will not be successful. You will be pushed out of the sport because of what it demands. In volleyball, those barriers are lower.

• F. “Basketball is a difficult sport to master.”

• G. “Unless you’re willing to put in the time and effort and have a certain level of athleticism and hand-eye skills, you will not be successful.”

• H. “You will be pushed out of the sport because of what it demands.”

• J. “In volleyball, those barriers are lower.”

Multiple Choice

Which of the following selections best states the central message of the author’s letter?

• A. Athletes who are unsure about which sport to play should choose volleyball.

• B. Volleyball is as difficult and important as basketball.

• C. Sports are easy for people at professional levels.

• D. Not all sports can be both competitive and fun.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence from the letter best supports the answer to prveious question # 3?

• F. “The relationships you form when working that hard at something stay with you forever.”

• G. “Personally, I chose volleyball because it required work.”

• H. “I resent that this article implies volleyball players have somehow chosen an ‘easier’ path.”

• J. “I am always refining my skills and my knowledge of the game.”

Multiple Choice

In paragraphs 6-9, how does the author of the letter counter the article’s claim that volleyball players have chosen an “easier” path?

• A. The author says that volleyball is tough and competitive.

• B. The author claims that volleyball is tiring.

• C. The author describes why volleyball is fun.

• D. The author points out that many young women choose volleyball.

Multiple Choice

What is the best summary of paragraph 6?

• F. Jing believes young women choose to play volleyball because it is fun not because it is easy.

• G. Jing believes that young women play volleyball because it is tough and competitive not because it is easy.

• H. While Jing knows that many people think volleyball is an easy sport, she believes volleyball is tough.

• J. Jing knows that young women find out that volleyball is tough and competitive after thinking it was an easy sport.

Multiple Choice

In paragraphs 7 and 8, who else might the author think would be interested in or affected by this topic?

• A. Olympic volleyball players

• B. Volleyball players over the age of 30

• C. young women who might want to play volleyball

• D. players who still have not mastered the sport

Multiple Choice

Besides countering the claims of the article, what is another purpose the author has for writing the letter?

• F. to inform readers about her volleyball friends

• G. to entertain readers with volleyball stories

• H. to explain how to play volleyball

• J. to convince readers that volleyball teaches life skills

Multiple Choice

What is the best summary of paragraph 5?

• A. Jing states that she chose to play volleyball because she was awkward.

• B. Jing states that she chose to play volleyball because it was challenging.

• C. Jing states that she chose to play volleyball because it involved jumping.

• D. Jing states that she chose to play volleyball because she got to swing hard.

Argumentative Writing

(Evidence)

Mr. Meadows

Open Ended

What is evidence, exactly?

Evidence!

What is?

At its core, evidence is simple. Evidence is information pulled from a source outside of yourself to support the topic you are trying to argue!

​

That's it!​

Charmander is the best starter Pokemon of all time.

Types of Evidence

What are they?

• Fact or Statistic.

• Story or Anecdote.

• ​Quotation.

• There are more, of course, but I'm not going there.​

Unfortunately, Charmander is not a starter option in the new Pokemon game.

Multiple Choice

What kind of evidence is the following?

The Pokemon games have sold over 380 million copies worldwide as of early 2021.

• Fact / Statistic

• Story / Anecdote

• Quotation

Multiple Choice

What kind of evidence is the following?

Pokemon Red & Blue are the best-selling Pokemon games of all time.

• Fact / Statistic

• Story / Anecdote

• Quotation

Multiple Choice

What kind of evidence is the following?

"Pokemon was the first video game that I got in trouble for playing" (Meadows).

• Fact / Statistic

• Story / Anecdote

• Quotation

Multiple Choice

What kind of evidence is the following?

When I was young and my grandparents were babysitting me, I spent the entire evening getting lost in Pokemon Red's Rock Tunnel, and I never said a word to my grandparents.

• Fact / Statistic

• Story / Anecdote

• Quotation

Draw

Draw a Pokemon.

Multiple Choice

What does relevant mean?

• It means related to.

• It means not related to.

• It means there's enough of it.

• It means there's not enough of it.

Multiple Choice

What does sufficient mean?

• It means related to.

• It means not related to.

• It means there's enough of it.

• It means there's not enough of it.

Yep, it's simple!​

​

Something that is relevant is related to a topic that you are considering or arguing.​

Relevant

Sufficient just means that there is enough of something to support it adequately within your writing.

​

We need to pay careful attention to this.​

​​Sufficient

Relevance

Por Ejemplo...

You are arguing with your caretakers about extending your curfew from 10:00 PM to 11:00 PM. You've had this argument before, but you're convinced that you've had enough good behavior recently to support your new claim that your improved responsibility should allow for this desired extension.

It's fine because Cyndaquil is a starter, but he looks a little ... odd.

Multiple Choice

Which of these pieces of evidence would better support your claim?

• "I walk the dog any time you ask, so obviously I can be trusted."

• "You've left me at home several times and nothing burned down -- this proves my point."

Sufficiency

Por Ejemplo...

You want to argue that school should start an hour later, and you intend to present your essay to the local school board. You need to make sure you have enough (sufficient) evidence in order to convince them, right?

His evolutions are pretty sick, though. He's no Charmander, but I'll take him.

Multiple Choice

Which of these quotes is better able to provide sufficient evidence to support your claim and argument?

• "I've been a student for nine years, and I always feel like I focus better after a few hours of school."

• "A Northwestern University study of over 2,000 students showed that student test scores rose by 10 percent in schools that moved to a later start time."

SURPRISE! Credibility!

You should know this...

Credibility is the amount of trust you can put into a source. Obviously, this is an important factor when we research!

​

Look, I'm fairly certain​ you all understand the importance of this topic. We need good sources with good information.

Ember is Ember, right? Can't go wrong.

Open Ended

What is an example of a credible source? You can be specific or general.

Draw

Draw something that is NOT a Pokemon.

Argumentative Essay Vocabulary

By Jack Ewings

A statement that has to be proven.

​

​claim

statements made to explain the claim.

​

​Some text here about the topic of discussion.

​Reasons

includes fact, statistics and information that supports the reasons.

​

evidence

discussion involving two different view points.

​

argument

The beginning of an argumentative essay.

​

It hooks the reader and ​gives the claim.

​

​

​introduction

Main paragraphs of an essay.

​

Supplies the reasons and evidence. ​

​

Body paragraphs

Final thoughts in an argument, restates the claim.

​

conclusion

Multiple Choice

An essay begins with a what?

• claim

• introduction

• reason

Statement that can be proved.

​ex. Marshall is located on Payne street.

fact

Fill in the Blank

The end of an essay is called the _________.

​ debate

discuss the pros and cons

​

advantages and disadvantages.

​

pros and cons

a belief or view about something.

ex. I think that Adidas is better than Nike. ​

​

​

opinion

opposing side of the argument.

​

​

​

​

​

​ counterclaim

Multiple Choice

What is the opposing side of the argument?

• reasons

• counterclaim

• rebuttal

• facts

An argument or evidence presented to disprove another's reasoning or claim.

​

rebuttal

Multiple Choice

Discussing the pros and cons of an issue is called what?

• counterclaim

• bias

• debate

prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group.

​

bias

Multiple Choice

What is a debate between two different view points?

• argument

• rebuttal

• bias

• pros/cons

Argument Review

RELA 8

Open Ended

Warm-Up:

What part of an argument is the most difficult for you to understand? Why?

1. Claim

2. Reason

3. Evidence

4. Reasoning

5. Counterclaim

6. Rebuttal

"Love is louder than the pressure to be perfect"

Demi Lovato

Announcements!

I am very proud of your successes with the argumentative essay. It was due on Sunday and I applaud those who used their time wisely and met the deadline. If you did not, please reach out to me so we can discuss.

Can anyone share their responses?

What part of the argument do you find the most challenging?

Poll

"Christina Aguilera is a better singer than Britney Spears."

Is this a strong claim?

• Yes

• No

Open Ended

"One Piece is a better show than Naruto because it has 431 episodes more."

Is this a strong claim? Why or why not? Does the evidence matter?

Fill in the Blank

What can be used as evidence?

Multiple Choice

What is a counterclaim?

• The opponents side of the argument

• The opponents feelings

• The opponents lack of care

• Your claim again

Multiple Choice

What would be a counterargument to this claim?

“Everyone should eat chocolate ice cream”

• No thank you!

• Some people are allergic to chocolate.

• Yes, I agree that everyone should eat chocolate ice cream.

Things to remember about a rebuttal...

• The opposing viewpoint has to be presented accurately and clearly.

• The reasons and evidence used to undermine the opposing viewpoint must be accurate and logical.

• The rebuttal must be presented without personal attack or malice and in a courteous manner.

Open Ended

Is this a strong rebuttal? Why?

"Those who argue that school uniforms would create more school unity and pride have a compelling argument. However, school uniforms also undermine personal creativity and individuality for students."

Poll

Exit Ticket:

Answer the poll: Was this review helpful?

In the Zoom chat: What is still confusing to you?

• Yes

• Kinda

• No

Argumentative Essay

Its Parts and Features

Did you know?

• According to Francis (2019), "Parents will have 2,184 arguments with their children every year."

• "As a result, each day on average, families disagree six times – a total of 42 rows a week or 182 a month."

• New study shows that families argue about 50 minutes a day!

Essay and Arguments

We all encounter arguments in our lives. Some may experience it daily and some may experience it at least thrice a week. In today's lesson, we will be discussing about Argumentative Essay as a whole and its parts & features.

Note: This lecture will not only enhance your skills in writing an essay, but it will also help you compose your points and claims confidently even in a verbal conversation! :)

Argumentative Essay

• is a type of research paper which aims to provide evidences on a position of a controversial issue.

• facts and examples are being presented in the paper.

• it contains 5 main features.

• aims to prove a point by supplying evidences.

Parts and Features of Argumentative Essay

• Thesis Statement

• Introduction

• Body

• Conclusion

Thesis Statement

Similar to any type of research paper, thesis statement should be emphasized and highlighted on the first part of your paper. In order to give an overview of your claims.

It is a concise, one sentence summary of your main point.

Example of a Thesis Statement

School uniforms may be an upfront cost for families, but they eradicate the visual differences in income between students and provide a more egalitarian atmosphere at school.

Introduction

_{The first part of your paragraph which presents the following:}

• Question

• Anecdote

• Historical Background

• Figurative Language

• 5 W's and H

• Famous quotes

• 
  

  Note: Your clear position thesis statement must be found at the end of your Introduction.

Example of an Introduction

"With recent studies showing that, on average, dog owners live up to 24% longer than those without canine companions, there's no doubt that a dog can have a range of physical and mental health benefits for its owner. These include a more active lifestyle, a social network of other pet owners, companionship, and a sense of purpose." (Use surprising facts

Body

_{This part may include several bodies in presenting your points. The following are requirements needed in your Body:}

• Topic Sentence with 1 reason and transition

• Evidence #1

• Explanation/Elaboration

• Evidence #2

• Explanation/Elaboration

• Evidence #3

• Explanation/Elaboration (then closing sentence to conclude)

Example of Body Paragraph #1 with rebuttal

(Sponge, 2014)

 Let's face it, going to college is socially prestigious. Most people go to college only for the title of being called a college student. For some young people, it is a graceful way to get away from home and become independent without losing the financial support of their parents. They do not want to be looked down upon so they do what would look best in the eyes of society. It is practically beat into our heads that in order to be a productive citizen of society, you should have some sort of college education. Being a college student is perhaps a more respectable role than being, for example, a janitor or a garbage man because of the negative connotations such jobs receive, but we need them to make the world go around.

Example of Body Paragraph #2

  The main reason why people go to college is not because they want to but because they have to. Most high school seniors are pressured by their guidance counselors and parents to go to college because it is "the right thing to do.” Students go to college because their mother wanted them to go, or some other reason entirely irrelevant to the course of studies for which college is supposedly organized. The student may have different ideas about what he or she wants to do in life, but because they think that these "mentors" know what is best for them, they probably end up doing something they do not want to do, resulting in being miserable and resentful for the rest of their lives. 

Example of Body Paragraph #3

Most importantly, going to college and getting a degree does not necessarily guarantee that an individual is going to get a job right after graduation. It is hard out there for recent graduates to find a good job since there is so much competition due to the increasing accessibility of a college education. Even if they do get a job, it is not usually not in what they got their degree for. Over 50 percent of Americans work outside of the field that they studied in college, which seems to become the norm now a days. They have to find some sort of job to pay off all the debt that their college education has given to them. 

Conclusion Paragraph

• Restate thesis statement

• Go out with a bang using one of the following: 1. question, 2. quote, 3. paln of action, 4. thought provoking statement

Example of Conclusion Paragraph

College definitely has its pros and cons. It is one of the first major decisions you have to make as a young adult. So think about it…am I doing what I know will benefit me in the future? Am I going to college because everyone expects me to, or because it is the American way, or will you even be assured a career or a job? It is truly something to consider, you make the choice.  

Argumentative Writing

(Evidence)

Mr. Meadows

Open Ended

What is evidence, exactly?

Evidence!

What is?

At its core, evidence is simple. Evidence is information pulled from a source outside of yourself to support the topic you are trying to argue!

​

That's it!​

Charmander is the best starter Pokemon of all time.

Types of Evidence

What are they?

• Fact or Statistic.

• Story or Anecdote.

• ​Quotation.

• There are more, of course, but I'm not going there.​

Unfortunately, Charmander is not a starter option in the new Pokemon game.

Multiple Choice

What kind of evidence is the following?

The Pokemon games have sold over 380 million copies worldwide as of early 2021.

• Fact / Statistic

• Story / Anecdote

• Quotation

Multiple Choice

What kind of evidence is the following?

Pokemon Red & Blue are the best-selling Pokemon games of all time.

• Fact / Statistic

• Story / Anecdote

• Quotation

Multiple Choice

What kind of evidence is the following?

"Pokemon was the first video game that I got in trouble for playing" (Meadows).

• Fact / Statistic

• Story / Anecdote

• Quotation

Multiple Choice

What kind of evidence is the following?

When I was young and my grandparents were babysitting me, I spent the entire evening getting lost in Pokemon Red's Rock Tunnel, and I never said a word to my grandparents.

• Fact / Statistic

• Story / Anecdote

• Quotation

Draw

Draw a Pokemon.

Multiple Choice

What does relevant mean?

• It means related to.

• It means not related to.

• It means there's enough of it.

• It means there's not enough of it.

Multiple Choice

What does sufficient mean?

• It means related to.

• It means not related to.

• It means there's enough of it.

• It means there's not enough of it.

Yep, it's simple!​

​

Something that is relevant is related to a topic that you are considering or arguing.​

Relevant

Sufficient just means that there is enough of something to support it adequately within your writing.

​

We need to pay careful attention to this.​

​​Sufficient

Relevance

Por Ejemplo...

You are arguing with your caretakers about extending your curfew from 10:00 PM to 11:00 PM. You've had this argument before, but you're convinced that you've had enough good behavior recently to support your new claim that your improved responsibility should allow for this desired extension.

It's fine because Cyndaquil is a starter, but he looks a little ... odd.

Multiple Choice

Which of these pieces of evidence would better support your claim?

• "I walk the dog any time you ask, so obviously I can be trusted."

• "You've left me at home several times and nothing burned down -- this proves my point."

Sufficiency

Por Ejemplo...

You want to argue that school should start an hour later, and you intend to present your essay to the local school board. You need to make sure you have enough (sufficient) evidence in order to convince them, right?

His evolutions are pretty sick, though. He's no Charmander, but I'll take him.

Multiple Choice

Which of these quotes is better able to provide sufficient evidence to support your claim and argument?

• "I've been a student for nine years, and I always feel like I focus better after a few hours of school."

• "A Northwestern University study of over 2,000 students showed that student test scores rose by 10 percent in schools that moved to a later start time."

SURPRISE! Credibility!

You should know this...

Credibility is the amount of trust you can put into a source. Obviously, this is an important factor when we research!

​

Look, I'm fairly certain​ you all understand the importance of this topic. We need good sources with good information.

Ember is Ember, right? Can't go wrong.

Open Ended

What is an example of a credible source? You can be specific or general.

Draw

Draw something that is NOT a Pokemon.

Argumentative Writing W.6.1

By Shonturia Forrest

Standard

W.6.1

Write arguments to support claims with reasoning and clear evidence.

​

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Multiple Choice

Which of the following does NOT belong in your writing according to the standard?

• evidence

• reasoning

• informal style

• conclusion

Standard Vocabulary

Argument - a reason given with the aim of persuading others that an action or idea is right or wrong

Claim - a statement or assertion that something is true

Evidence - support or proof of something

Counterclaim - an opposing viewpoint of an argument

Rebuttal - the denial or disproof of an argument

Transition words/phrases - used to link or show relationships between ideas

Subject | Subject

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Multiple Choice

Which word matches the definition:

Support or proof of something

• claim

• argument

• conclusion

• evidence

Multiple Choice

Which word matches the definition:

a statement or assertion that something is true

• evidence

• claim

• reasoning

• body paragraph

Argumentative Writing

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Lee is new in school.  She wants to write a letter to the basketball coach to persuade her to accept Lee on the team.  What should Lee’s argument include to help her persuade the coach?

Example:

To be effective, an argument must have claims, reasoning, and evidence.

✨Lee is arguing that she should be accepted on the team.✨

What claim(s) could she make to convince the coach?  (page 3)

Claim 1: Three of the team members live on my street.

Claim 2: I am new to the school.

Claim 3: I was the top scorer at my last school.

Claim 4: I am not a member of any other clubs.​

Some text here about the topic of discussion

​REMEMBER:

​

Examples:

I earned an average of 27 points per game.

I already know how to play the game.​

I was point guard at my former school.​

Subject | Subject

Some text here about the topic of discussion

​Lee has to support her claim with reasoning and evidence.

​

Multiple Choice

Which 3 must an argument have to be effective?

• introduction, evidence, conclusion

• claim, reasoning, evidence

• support, argument, evidence

• evidence, central idea, final thoughts

Counterclaims

-an opposing viewpoint

You must mention the counterclaim!

Then DISPROVE it. Your rebuttal will tell readers why the counterclaim is wrong.​

Use evidence to further prove your rebuttal.​

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Multiple Choice

What is the counterclaim?

• a similar viewpoint as the writer's

• an opposing viewpoint

• the writer's main idea

• the writer's conclusion

Multiple Choice

What is it called when the writer disproves the counterclaim?

• rebuttal

• referee

• reference

• refuse

Conclusion

After Lee has introduced her argument, provided claims to back it up, and disproved the counterclaim,  she will need to write a conclusion. 

​

The conclusion should restate the argument and summarize the main ideas.  The ending needs to be a final thought or call to action.

​

​

​

Subject | Subject

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Multiple Choice

Which of the following does NOT belong in the conclusion paragraph?

• restatement of the argument

• final thoughts

• counterclaim

• summary of ideas

Poll

How well do you feel like you understand argumentative writing?

• Very Well. I am ready to write.

• Somewhat. I may need guidance during my writing

• Not very much. I need more information.

• Not at all. I don't understand any of it.

Argumentative Unit

Evidence

Multiple Choice

Why is it important to use evidence in argumentative writing?

• Use evidence to prove you have the only correct answer

• Use evidence to persuade your readers to accept your claim

• Use evidence to show off your knowledge

• Use evidence to show that quotes are facts.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of evidence?

• claim

• anecdote

• antonym

• reasons

Multiple Choice

Which piece of evidence would you use to show the percentage of people that said "yes" on a survey?

• Static

• Graph

• Data

• Statistic

Multiple Choice

True or False?

An anecdote is a long story used to make a point

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

True or false?

An expert statement is from someone who has deep knowledge, skill and experience in a particular field

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

True or False?

An analogy is when you compare two or more things.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

"Moreover, 76 percent of adults who have children in high school or middle school today say they encourage their children to play sports."

This is an example of which type of evidence?

• Anecdote

• Statistic

• Personal Experience

• Expert quote

Multiple Choice

"I was the captain in high school," she explains, "and then my first year playing college soccer, I was on the bench." She explains that sitting on the bench motivated her to work hard to earn a starting position.

This is an example of which type of evidence?

• Personal experience

• Analogy

• Fact

• Reason

Multiple Choice

"The ACL is a major ligament in the knee that can tear. The injury to the ligament, a strong band of tissue connecting bones, occurs more often in sports with sudden stops, jumps and changes in direction."

This is an example of which type of evidence?

• Anecdote

• Personal Experience

• Fact

• Analogy

Multiple Choice

"Leo Anderson was in the middle of his baseball game. While throwing a ball he heard a crunch in his elbow and fell to the ground. That sound was a growth plate in his elbow breaking, and it ended the 15-year-old's season last spring."

This is an example of which type of evidence?

• Quote

• Expert statement

• Anecdote

• Statistic

Multiple Choice

"Sports specialization has led to almost an epidemic in sports injuries," said Dr. Elizabeth Matzkin about the widespread problem.

This is an example of which type of evidence?

• Expert Epidemic

• Expert Question

• Expert Topic

• Expert Quote

Multiple Choice

One teenage boy, for example, told Driska the camp changed the way he interacted with his mom, helping to quell the bitter arguments they always seemed to fall into. The teen explained that the next time he and his mom argued, he sat down, talked it out, and resolved the situation. The teen told Driska that before camp he would not have done that — been pro-active in seeking a solution. He simply would have walked away and just been bitter or complained about it.

This is an example of which of the following types of evidence?

• Expert Quote

• Personal Experience

• Statistic

• Analogy

Argumentative Writing

​

Introduction

This will be the first paragraph of your essay.

Introduction

• Hook

• Bridge

• Thesis

HOOK: Gets the reader's attention

• Anecdote or Short Personal Story

• Quote

• Interesting Fact

• Current Event

• Avoid questions. We're in the 8th grade now!

BRIDGE: Explains the hook and leads into the thesis

• If you used a quote or interesting fact; explain the meaning

• It can also be used to summarize a specific text to give the audience context

• Sometimes you may need to do both

CLAIM: also known as thesis statement

• This will be the last sentence in your first paragraph.

• Make sure your claim answers the writing prompt.

• Try to create a compound or complex sentence instead of writing more than once sentence.

BODY PARAGRAPHS

This is where your reasons and evidence will go!

REASONS: Statement that supports your claim

• This should be your topic sentence in each paragraph

• It explains why the claim is true

• Please use a counter-claim and rebuttal for your last reason

EVIDENCE: Statement that supports your reason

• Statistics

• Quotes

• Expert Advice

• Stories

• You need at least two pieces of evidence for each paragraph: One quoted and one paraphrased

CONCLUSION

The final paragraph

CONCLUSION

• Restate the Claim

• Connect Back to the Hook (Why should we care?)

• State a specific Call to Action (What do you want the audience to do now? Make sure to stay consistent with Third Person)

Poll

Have you argued/fight with someone (it could be your parents, your friends, your enemies) before?

Can be physical (punching, kicking, and etc.) , verbal (voice, words, tone, and etc.)

• Yes

• No

Open Ended

If yes, do take 3 minutes to write around 20 words about it...

What were you fighting/arguing about? How do you feel about it?

No worries, I won't sharescreen this part. You can tell me honestly, if you want

If no, ... wait, really? No? No arguements at all...? A normal peaceful life? gasps

If that is the case... take around 3 minutes to write around 20 words about it...

In your opinion, why do people argue or fight?

Poll

Thanks for sharing your stories! I truly appreciate it.

Now... Is arguing important?

• Yay! :D

• Nay... D:

• Tay Tay

  ...

  Wait, you guys know who is "Tay Tay", right?

• Neigh Neigh

  ... Wait, why do you choose me?

• Don't pick "Neigh Neigh".

  Pick me instead.

  Why, you say?

  I don't know... I just need someone to love me. u

Open Ended

Based on your previous answer (I assume you choose either "Yay" or "Nay"),

Why are arguments important? Write around 20 words to justify your answer.

Argumentative Essay

Its Parts and Features

Essay and Arguments

We all encounter arguments in our lives. Some may experience it daily and some may experience it at least thrice a week. In today's lesson, we will be discussing about Argumentative Essay as a whole and its parts & features.

​

Note: This lecture will not only enhance your skills in writing an essay, but it will also help you compose your points and claims confidently even in a verbal conversation! :)

Argumentative Essay

• a type of research paper that aims to provide evidence on a position of a controversial issue.

• facts and examples are being presented in the paper.

• it contains 5 main features.

• Aim: to prove a point by supplying concrete evidence.

Multiple Choice

What is an argumentative essay?

• a type of research paper that aims to provide your own opinions (non-factual information)

• a type of research paper that teaches you how to do a certain action in a systematic way

• a type of research paper that aims to provide evidence on a position of a controversial issue.

• a type of research paper that aims to provide evidence and elaborate.

Parts and Features of Argumentative Essay

• Introduction + Thesis Statement

• Body Paragraphs

• Conclusion

Multiple Select

What are the main components of a argumentative essay?

• Introduction

• Thesis Statement

• Body Paragraphs

• Conclusion

• Title

Thesis Statement

Similar to any type of research paper, thesis statement should be emphasized and highlighted on the first part of your paper. In order to give an overview of your claims.

It is a concise, one sentence summary of your main point.

Example of a Thesis Statement (expected)

School uniforms may be an upfront cost for families, but they eradicate the visual differences in income between students and provide a more egalitarian atmosphere at school.

Example of a Thesis Statement (expected)

School uniforms may be an upfront cost for families, but they eradicate the visual differences in income between students and provide a more egalitarian atmosphere at school.

Introduction

_{The first part of your paragraph which presents the following:}

• Question

• Anecdote (short story - super short)

• Historical Background

• Figurative Language

• 5 W's and H

• Famous quotes

• Note: Your clear position thesis statement must be found at the end of your Introduction.

Example of an Introduction

"With recent studies showing that, on average, dog owners live up to 24% longer than those without canine companions, there's no doubt that a dog can have a range of physical and mental health benefits for its owner. These include a more active lifestyle, a social network of other pet owners, companionship, and a sense of purpose." (Use surprising facts)

​

​** By the way, in reality, when you want to write any argumentative essays (for English), you can "create" a fake fact - It's English, not Principles and Practices of "blah blah blah"... I won't check if you are actually writing for real or not (make sure it is believable). I just want to see the way you convey your message/ideas. **

Body

_{This part may include several bodies in presenting your points. The following are requirements needed in your Body:}

• Topic Sentence with 1 reason

• Evidence/Point #1

• Explanation/Elaboration

• Evidence/Point #2

• Explanation/Elaboration

• Evidence/Point #3

• Explanation/Elaboration

Conclusion Paragraph

• Restate thesis statement

• Go out with a bang using one of the following:

• 1. question

• 2. quote

• 3. plan of action

• 4. thought provoking statement

Example of Conclusion Paragraph

College definitely has its pros and cons. It is one of the first major decisions you have to make as a young adult. So think about it…am I doing what I know will benefit me in the future? Am I going to college because everyone expects me to, or because it is the American way, or will you even be assured a career or a job? It is truly something to consider, you make the choice.  

Open Ended

In about 60 words (about today's topic), please write down what have you learned in today's lesson. If you can't type here, write it down on a piece of paper and send your answers to me via WhatsApp.

_{Have I mentioned that this activity counts your attendance? :D}

_{No copy and pasting answers from other sources (Internet, friends, and etc.)}

_{It's super obvious and I can detect it. :D}

_{Anything fishy action that I detect = 0 attendance immediately.}

Argument Vocabulary

Unit 3

Multiple Choice

What the correct definition for the word claim?

• A document written for court proceedings.

• The statement of a specific position.

• The main points that support the thesis.

• Evidence used in the writing.

Multiple Select

Which of the following shows how to correctly cite evidence from a text? (Check all that apply).

• ("Article Title").

• (The Outsiders 45).

• (Hinton pg. 45).

• (Hinton 45).

Fill in the Blank

Using transitions in the same paragraph after the counterclaim, bring the reader/listener back to your claim is called:

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a definition of counterclaim.

• A claim that disagrees with the claim

• Acknowledge the strongest opposing point(s)

• Facts that support your claim

• Should be found in the paragraph directly preceding the conclusion.

Fill in the Blank

What connects the research to your claim with solid argumentation and voice?

Argumentative-Claim and Evidence 4/4/22

By Rolandra Lyons

Warm-Up- Read paragraph 6 & 7. Find out the main idea (claim) to answer the question.

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Multiple Choice

The examples in paragraph 6 and 7 reinforce the author's point that education--

• A. provides an opportunity to make parents proud

• B.should not be determined by gender

• C. provides a means for achieving goals

• D. is less important than protecting cultural traditions

Claim is an author's argument and opinion on their topic. It is also seen as the main idea of a non-fiction text.

​​STAAR TIP:

Begin predicting the main idea through the title​

Open Ended

Energy for Our Future helps the reader predict .....

fill in your best prediction!

Multiple Choice

What is the aclaim in paragraph 1? YOU SHOULD HAVE HIGHLIGHTED

• Support development of more wind energy plants in Texas.

• Wind energy plants produce more than twelve percent of our state's electricity.

• Wind energy is our future.

• There are various benefits to developing more wind farms in Texas.

READ paragraphs 2-4 to find the supporting details (evidence) that supports the claim about wind farms in Texas.

​

​Some text here about the topic of discussion.

​Evidence

Multiple Choice

Which sentence from the article best supports the author's argument that wind energy is good for the economy?

• F. Texas leads the nation in wind energy production.

• G. Wind energy is also a renewable resource, which is a natural resource that can be replaced over time.

• H. People will be needed to build the equipment, to install and maintain it, and to run the power plants.

• J. I believe that we need to make an investment in our state's future by developing more of these clean, green wind energy plants.

Main purpose is to show a trend or belief people agree to out of popularity.

​

Jump on the bandwagon!

Multiple Choice

Which sentence from the article demonstrates the logical fallacy of bandwagon appeal?

• A. One wind farm in Texas generates enough energy to power 265,000 homes!

• B. We all recognize that these harmful fossil fuels are the greatest source of environmental pollution.

• C. Wind energy is also a renewable resource, which is a natural resource that can be replaced over time.

• D. Farmers and ranchers can still use their land for agricultural purposes, but they can earn additional money by allowing the wind fans to be built on their property.

Q36 from Benchmark 36% correct​

36. In paragraphs 7 and 8, what is the most likely reason the author contrasts food forests with community gardens?

A. To reveal problems caused by the amount of time it takes for community gardens to produce crops

B. To give reasons why food forests include more perennials than community gardens

C. To note objections to charging residents for use of plots in community gardens

D. To highlight distinctions in costs, labor, and plants between food forests and community gardens​

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Multiple Choice

How does the author organize paragraph 2 through 4?

Go back to the text and focus on what the author is mainly doing in those paragraphs.

• A. By listing the reasons why wind farms are good for the Texas economy.

• B. By comparing the benefits of renewable versus nonrenewable resources.

• C. By stating reasons why fossil fuels are more harmful than wind energy.

• D. By identifying reasons why Texas should build more wind farms.

Multiple Choice

DOL Question

Which statement is most strongly supported by the author's argument?

• F. Texas should use wind energy as its only energy resource.

• G.Wind farms are good for the enviornment.

• H. Wind farms are expensive, but the costs are worth it.

• J.Fossil fuels are very expensive.

Terminology of Argumentative Texts

by Irma Gomez

​Audience

​The audience for your argument is a group of people that you want to convince. As you develop your argument, consider your audience's knowledge level on concerns.

Open Ended

How can you determine who your audience is?

​Purpose

​The purpose for writing an argument is to sway the audience. Your purpose should be clear, whether it is to persuade your audience to agree with your claim or to motivate your audience to take some action.

Open Ended

Why is it important to have a purpose when writing an argumentative essay?

​Precise Claim

​A precise claim confidently states your viewpoint. Remember that you must be able to find reasons and evidence to support your claim, and that you must distinguish your claim from opposing claims.

Open Ended

Write a precise claim that you have made to your mother or father.

(Example: Mom, I need a new phone.)

​Reason

​A reason is a statement that supports your claim. (You should have more than one reason.) Note that you will need to supply evidence for each reason you state.

Open Ended

Why is it important to have reasons to support your claim?

​Opposing Claim

​An opposing claim or counterclaim, shares the point of view of people who do not agree with your claim. Opposing claims must be fairly presented with evidence.

Open Ended

Why does mentioning the opposing claim make your argument more powerful?

Argumentative Essay Vocabulary

By Jack Ewings

A statement that has to be proven.

​

​claim

statements made to explain the claim.

​

​Some text here about the topic of discussion.

​Reasons

includes fact, statistics and information that supports the reasons.

​

evidence

discussion involving two different view points.

​

argument

The beginning of an argumentative essay.

​

It hooks the reader and ​gives the claim.

​

​

​introduction

Main paragraphs of an essay.

​

Supplies the reasons and evidence. ​

​

Body paragraphs

Final thoughts in an argument, restates the claim.

​

conclusion

Multiple Choice

An essay begins with a what?

• claim

• introduction

• reason

Statement that can be proved.

​ex. Marshall is located on Payne street.

fact

Fill in the Blank

The end of an essay is called the _________.

​ debate

discuss the pros and cons

​

advantages and disadvantages.

​

pros and cons

a belief or view about something.

ex. I think that Adidas is better than Nike. ​

​

​

opinion

opposing side of the argument.

​

​

​

​

​

​ counterclaim

Multiple Choice

What is the opposing side of the argument?

• reasons

• counterclaim

• rebuttal

• facts

An argument or evidence presented to disprove another's reasoning or claim.

​

rebuttal

Multiple Choice

Discussing the pros and cons of an issue is called what?

• counterclaim

• bias

• debate

prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group.

​

bias

Multiple Choice

What is a debate between two different view points?

• argument

• rebuttal

• bias

• pros/cons

Claims & Evidence

​

Multiple Select

What will we be learning today? Choose 2.

• identifying the claim

• analyzing the argument

• structure arguments

• analyze characteristics

Multiple Choice

Definition of a claim

• Will NOT offer facts and reasons to show the author's point of view and is NOT backed up with evidence.

• argumentative text

• the main idea, or arguable statement, that represents the author’s position on a topic.

• a type of writing

Multiple Choice

A claim is:

• Fact

• Opinion

Multiple Select

What reason does the person give to explain WHY sparkling water is disgusting? Click ALL that apply.

• It has fruit flavoring

• It's painful to drink

• It has carbon dioxide

• It taste like the water is angry

Multiple Choice

What is evidence?

• False information

• Information that doesn't support a claim

• Details, facts or information that supports a claim

Multiple Choice

Does the evidence support the claim?

Claim: snapchat is dangerous for young people."

Evidence: Snapchat is an app that allows users to add filters to photos

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Does the evidence support the claim?

Claim: Crinkle cut fries are more popular than any other French fry.

Evidence: Waffle fries are the best-selling fries in the world.

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Does the evidence support the claim?

Claim: Fenty Beauty has better products than Kylie Cosmetics.

Evidence: Fenty Beauty foundation is rated four stars at Sephora, but Kylie Cosmetics foundation isn’t even sold at Sephora.

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Does the evidence support the claim?

Claim: Texas should build more Buc-ees between Houston and San Antonio.

Evidence: The environments of the different regions of Texas vary widely.

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Does the evidence support the claim?

Claim: Sparkling water is disgusting.

Evidence: It is painful to drink, and it tastes like someone just waved a piece of fruit over water, and it made the water angry.

• Yes

• No

Open Ended

Identify at least two claims in the text. For each claim, share at least one piece of evidence the author uses to support the claim.

Open Ended

Identify at least two claims in the text. For each claim, share at least one piece of evidence the author uses to support the claim.

For and Against Essay (Argumentative Essay)

​

Multiple Choice

What is the main purpose of an Argumentative essay?

• to persuade the reader

• to offer a balanced, objective view of both sides of an argument

• to give arguments for the writer's opinion

• to tell a story

A “for and against” essay is a formal piece of writing in which a topic is considered from opposing points of view. You should present both sides in a fair way by discussing them objectively and in equal detail.

A well-written argumentative essay should consist of:

• INTRODUCTION - in which you clearly state the topic to be discussed, without giving your opinion

• Ideas FOR the main topic, with clear reasons (and examples that support your argument)

• Ideas AGAINST the main topic, with clear reasons (and supporting examples)

• CONCLUSION - in which you state your opinion or give a balanced review of the topic.

Multiple Select

What can (and should) be included in a well-written Introduction?

• any sort of hook (to get the reader interested): a quote, a rhetorical question, a good metaphor

• your opinion

• a brief summary of the main ideas that will be discussed in the essay

• a funny doodle to make the reader smile

Poll

Which of these Introduction sentences would be most effective in hooking the reader?

• Is poverty the underlying cause of most crimes?

• Some people claim that poverty and low living standards are the main causes of crime, while others argue that there is no direct link between poverty and crime.

• Low wages and generalised poverty have been proven to be linked to higher crime rates.

• If someone is poor, I don't think that means they will commit a crime.

Multiple Select

To make your essay flow it’s best to use some key phrases. These will link all your ideas together, and help it sound semi-formal. Take a look at the expressions below. Which ones would work well in the Introduction paragraph?

• Some people believe ... while others argue that ...

• We live in an age when...

• It is widely believed nowadays that ...

• The way I see it, ...

Multiple Select

While writing the body paragraphs, you should provide examples that support your ideas. Which expressions introduce an example?

• For instance

• However

• (As a) case in point

• such as

Multiple Choice

It is important to use LINKERS when connecting your ideas, regardless of the task (article, essay, story). Which ONE of the following linkers is NOT one of contrast (that introduces a different point)?

• However,

• On the other hand,

• On the flipside,

• Nevertheless,

• What is more

Poll

When wrapping up your essay and writing your CONCLUSION, which of these expressions do you find more appealing?

• In light of these arguments, ...

• All things considered, ...

• The way I see it, ...

• In conclusion, ...

• In a nutshell, ...

The Hamburger technique :)

One of the most important aspects of essay writing is having a structure that is clear, concise, and keeps the reader engaged the whole way through. A typical essay structure is like a hamburger, keeping the main meat of your argument wedged nicely between two lighter supports: the introduction and conclusion.

The P.E.E.L. technique (for each paragraph)

• Point - start the paragraph with a strong topic sentence; keep it short and sweet; be clear and concise; start with a bold or controversial sentence - your reader will be compelled to continue just to see how you hope to support it

• Evidence - to back up your claim (this could be from personal experience, textual sources or even from pictures or pieces of art)

• Explanation - justify your ideas clearly

• Link - the final sentence of each paragraph should link to the next one; that way, you will have create a smooth flow of ideas

Now let's look at an example of a For and Against essay, shall we?

Workbook p 77

What is an Argument?

​

What is an argument?

• an exchange of diverging or opposite views, typically a heated or angry one.

• a reason or set of reasons given with the aim of persuading others that an action or idea is right or wrong.

What is the goal?

• The goal of an argument is to convince readers to believe or to do a certain thing

• Authors argue their OPINIONS

Opinion

• a view or judgment formed about something, not necessarily based on fact or knowledge
  

• the beliefs or views of a large number or majority of people about a particular thing.
  

How can we identify argumentative texts?

• When an author uses phrases like "I think" or "I believe"

• When an author writes using emotion for one side of an argument

• When authors express opposing viewpoints

• When an author makes a statement that cannot be proven

Identifying Argumentative Statements

Multiple Choice

Choose the answer that reveals an opinion

• Every sentence begins with a capital letter.

• English is a core subject we learn at school.

• I think adjectives are a fun way to describe nouns.

• A poem expresses emotion.

Multiple Select

Choose the answer choice or choices that reveal an opinion

• Coach Doring's class is the best class ever.

• Football is a sport.

• I love being a Snook Bluejay!

• The Dallas Cowboys are awesome!

Fill in the Blank

In the blank decide if the following statement is an "opinion" or a "fact."

Snakes don't have eyelids

Open Ended

Write your own opinion about a topic of your choosing.

Multiple Choice

Choose the answer choice that is a fact.

• Snakes are cool creatures.

• Adidas is a brand that sells shoes

• Bluejays are beautiful birds.

• Doritos are my favorite type of chip

Multiple Choice

What is an opinion?

• An idea based on fact

• An individual's personal belief on a topic

• A well developed scientific theory

• Numerical statistics

Argument Review

RELA 8

Open Ended

Warm-Up:

What part of an argument is the most difficult for you to understand? Why?

1. Claim

2. Reason

3. Evidence

4. Reasoning

5. Counterclaim

6. Rebuttal

"Love is louder than the pressure to be perfect"

Demi Lovato

Announcements!

I am very proud of your successes with the argumentative essay. It was due on Sunday and I applaud those who used their time wisely and met the deadline. If you did not, please reach out to me so we can discuss.

Can anyone share their responses?

What part of the argument do you find the most challenging?

Poll

"Christina Aguilera is a better singer than Britney Spears."

Is this a strong claim?

• Yes

• No

Open Ended

"One Piece is a better show than Naruto because it has 431 episodes more."

Is this a strong claim? Why or why not? Does the evidence matter?

Fill in the Blank

What can be used as evidence?

Multiple Choice

What is a counterclaim?

• The opponents side of the argument

• The opponents feelings

• The opponents lack of care

• Your claim again

Multiple Choice

What would be a counterargument to this claim?

“Everyone should eat chocolate ice cream”

• No thank you!

• Some people are allergic to chocolate.

• Yes, I agree that everyone should eat chocolate ice cream.

Things to remember about a rebuttal...

• The opposing viewpoint has to be presented accurately and clearly.

• The reasons and evidence used to undermine the opposing viewpoint must be accurate and logical.

• The rebuttal must be presented without personal attack or malice and in a courteous manner.

Open Ended

Is this a strong rebuttal? Why?

"Those who argue that school uniforms would create more school unity and pride have a compelling argument. However, school uniforms also undermine personal creativity and individuality for students."

Poll

Exit Ticket:

Answer the poll: Was this review helpful?

In the Zoom chat: What is still confusing to you?

• Yes

• Kinda

• No

Identify and Create Counterclaims

​

Poll

How confident do you feel with creating a counterclaim/counterargument?

• I feel confident!

• I feel alright about it.

• I feel unsure/ not so confident

• I don't even know what you are talking about

Counterclaim

• The opposition idea, other argument

• Should be the weaker side

• Can be fact or opinion

Multiple Select

What are some words associated with COUNTERCLAIM? Choose all that apply

• Topic

• Against

• Counter argument

• Opposite

• Agree

Counterclaims are important because....

Every argument has two sides. NOT addressing the other side actually makes your side look weak!

Example

If my overall claim is: Parents should not have the passwords to their child's phone because it invades their privacy and takes away the opportunity for children/teens to be responsible.

And my counter argument is: Parents can keep their child safe by having the password to their phone.

My COUNTERCLAIM can look like this: Some people believe that parents can keep their child safe if they have the password to their child's phone, but that takes away their child's privacy.

Multiple Choice

Which the an example of a counterclaim?

• Adults should NOT be on Tiktok.

• Although Tiktok is an app available to everyone, only teens should be using it.

• Adults should be on Tiktok.

• Tiktok is an app meant for teens only.

Where does my counterclaim go?

• ANYWHERE! Yes anywhere in the essay!

• I can be your hook, in your overall claim, in one of your topic sentences, or in your reworded claim OR call to action!

Words to use when writing a counterclaim

• Although, (COUNTER ARGUMENT) (CLAIM)

• (COUNTER ARGUMENT) Still, (CLAIM)

• Some believe (COUNTER ARGUMENT) , but (CLAIM)

• However, Clearly, On the other hand

Multiple Choice

When should you have a counterclaim in your essay?

• When I write an explanatory essay

• When I write an argumentative essay

• When I write either explanatory or argumentative essays

• Its my personal preference

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE: I can write my counterclaim anywhere in my essay.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Example Paragraph

Tiktok is an app that should only be for teens. Adults have enough already! Think about it. They have Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and I am sure more. According to Source 2, "62 percent of TikTok users in the US are aged between 10 and 29" While 29 is still a bit older, you can see that so many more people are younger on Tiktok. What do adults really find interesting there is most of the users are doing things teens and young people like? In source 3 chunk 4 it states "Tiktok was advertised for teens and young people. Older adults juts recently started joining." If the app has been targeted to younger people, why would older adults get on it? I say they can keep their Facebook and give us Tiktok!

Open Ended

Create a counterclaim for this paragraph. You do not need to type the whole paragraph over. Just type what the counterclaim would look like.

Tiktok is an app that should only be for teens. Adults have enough already! Think about it. They have Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and I am sure more. According to Source 2, "62 percent of TikTok users in the US are aged between 10 and 29" While 29 is still a bit older, you can see that so many more people are younger on Tiktok. What do adults really find interesting there is most of the users are doing things teens and young people like? In source 3 chunk 4 it states "Tiktok was advertised for teens and young people. Older adults juts recently started joining." If the app has been targeted to younger people, why would older adults get on it? I say they can keep their Facebook and give us Tiktok!

Open Ended

Why is it important to have a counterclaim/counter argument in your essay?

Poll

How do we feel now about counterclaims?

• Better

• The same

• Worse

Arguments - two sides

By Tiffany Solod

​You have taken the first step in writing an argumentative essay, since you successfully (for the most part) wrote an argumentative paragraph.

​

Now, you have to learn that to successfully write an argumentative research essay, you have to acknowledge that when you are making a stance, there is always another side of the argument.​

Let's learn about making arguments!

​Now that you understand where proper arguments came from and how to do them, it is time to learn how to address both sides of an argument.

I know this is A LOT of information.

But, you already proved you can get started.

​

Let's see the steps to writing a full paper:​

​

​Step 1: Identify the two sides of the argument.

Step 2: Identify which side you are on.

Step 3: Gather valid & credible research to back up your argument stance.

Step 4: Gather valid & credible research that shows the other side of the argument.

Step 5: Create a thesis statement of your argument.

Step 6: Plan your paper with an outline.

Step 7: Create topic sentences based on your thesis AND the other argument.​

​Your assignment today will be on Commonlit

​

Jacqueline Pratt-Tuke is a science and humanities teacher based in Washington, DC. Venom milking is the process of taking the venom, or poison, out of a snake. In this text, Pratt-Tuke explains the important job of venom milking. As you read, take notes on why venom milking is important.

• Pay attention to the arguments as you read.

• Do not rush through, read and annotate thoroughly.​

• On assessment question #4, make sure you use your ACE writing strategy to​ answer the question.

Some text here about the topic of discussion