Electron Configuration and Lewis Dot

Chem 1151: 1/26/2023

Agenda

Warm-up

Electron Configuration

Practice

Questions

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What is the average atomic mass of sulfur? If 95% have an amu of 31.972, 0.76% have an amu of 32.971, and 4.22% have an amu of 33.967.

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Shells

They determine how much energy an atom has

There are four shells

Subshells are shaped in the way that the orbit they are in is shaped

Orbitals: the region where electrons are found

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Types of Orbitals

S orbital: is the smallest and holds the fewest electrons at two

P orbital: shaped like a dumbell and can hold up to six electrons'

D orbital: confusing holds up to 10

F orbital: also confusing holds up to 14

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Rules:

ALWAYS start with the lowest energy

Each orbital ONLY HOLD TWO ELECTRONS

When all orbitals are equal in energy you add one electron to each till it is full or you run out of electrons

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How to write electron gonfigurations

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Start with the shell number 1,2,3...

Then the orbital: s,p,d,f

Use superscripts to show how many electrons are in the orbital

EX: 1s²

Electron configuration practice

Write the configurations for the following:

Carbon

Nitrogen

Argon

Fluorine

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Hint:

If you can count the groups and rows you know electron configuration

The groups tell you how many electrons are in each

The row tells you what letter you are supposed to use

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Valence electrons

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outer most shell

They are the ones that are donated or gained

The group numbers tell you how many each element has

1A has 1 2A 2 etc

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​Valence electrons and lewis structures

Valence electrons are

represented in lewis

dot structures

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how to draw a lewis structure

Write the element symbol

Note how many valance electrons the element has

Put one dot on each side till they all have one

Use the remaining electrons to place a second dot

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Write the lewis structure for these elements

Argon

Carbon

Nitrogen

Fluorine

Sulfur

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Short hand electron configurations

Using nobel gases you can represent the element with writing less

[Ar] 4s² is Calcium

Argon has 18 electrons carbon has 20

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Poll

What element is this electron configuration for [Ne] 3s² 3p⁵

• Chlorine

• Fluorine

• Bromine

• Sulfur