5.05 - Illness, Diseases, & Disorders of Skin

Illnesses, Diseases, &

Disorders

Of the Integumentary System

Herpes Infections

• Herpes zoster (aka – shingles)

• Extremely painful

• Blistering rash accompanied with headache, fever, and fatigue

​• Can trigger nerve pain

Herpes Infections

• Herpes varicella (aka – chickenpox)

• Common childhood disease

• Fluid-filled blisters that itch

• Highly contagious

Herpes Infections

• Herpes simplex 1 (aka – cold sores)

• Associated with the common cold

​• Also called fever blisters

Herpes Infections

• Herpes simplex 2 (aka - genital herpes)

​ • Transmitted to mouth or genital area

• More common in females

​• Painful blisters with flu-like symptoms

​• Highly contagious

HPV Infections

• HPV, or human papillomavirus, causes warts
• Warts are raised, typically painless growths on the skin

• Common warts typically appear on the hands/fingers

• Warts can be chemically and surgically removed

HPV Infections

• HPV, or human papillomavirus, causes warts
• Warts are raised, typically painless growths on the skin

• Plantar warts develop on the soles of the feet and grow inward, causing pain

• Warts can be chemically and surgically removed

HPV Infections

• HPV, or human papillomavirus, causes warts
• Warts are raised, typically painless growths on the skin

• Genital warts are the most common STD in the U.S.

• Spread through skin-to-skin contact during sex

• High risk HPV infections can cause cancer

• Warts can be chemically and surgically removed

Fungal Infections

• Tinea pedis (aka – athlete’s foot)

• Most common fungal infection

• Red, itchy patches on the feet

Fungal Infections

• Tinea cruris (aka – jock itch)

• Affects males around the groin and scrotum

• Exacerbated by prolonged sweating and friction from clothes

Fungal Infections

• Tinea corporis (aka – ringworm)

• Not actually a worm; pattern appears red and ring shaped

• Common in children due to poor hygiene

Fungal Infections

•Tinea unguium (aka – toenail fungus)

•Causes discoloration and thickening of the nail

Open Ended

Fungal infections all line what types of conditions?

Bacterial Infections

• Impetigo

• Most common in school aged children

• Causes pink, blister like bumps (usually on the face) that develop a yellowish crust before rupturing

Bacterial Infections

• Furuncles

• AKA boils
• Painful, pus-filled bumps under the skin caused by infected, inflamed hair follicles

Bacterial Infections

• Carbuncles

• Groups of boils forming a connected area of infection under the skin

• Forms when one or more hair follicles get infected

• Often occur on the back of the neck, shoulders, or thighs

Bacterial Infections

• MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus):

• A resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus that is more difficult to treat.

•highly contagious

•spreading through direct contact with an infected person's wound, sharing personal items, or touching contaminated surfaces.

ex. sharing exercise equipment

Open Ended

How are bacterial infections spread?

Autoimmune Conditions

• Psoriasis

• Common skin disorder characterized by regions of thick, red skin with flaky,
silver-white patches called scales

• Patches itch, burn, crack, and sometimes

sometimes bleed

• Not contagious
• Commonly affects the elbows, knees, and trunk (although it can occur
anywhere)

Autoimmune Conditions

• Vitiligo

• Skin disorder characterized by is the appearance of white, depigmented patches on the skin

• Typically painless, though some people experience itching or a tingling sensation

• Not contagious

• Commonly around the eyes, mouth, hands, wrists, and elbows.

Open Ended

What is causing an autoimmune disease?

Skin Cancers

• Basal Cell Carcinoma

• Most common form of skin cancer
• Least malignant
• Caused by overproduction of cells in the stratum basale causing bumps on the skin

• Can be surgically removed

Skin Cancers

• Squamous Cell Carcinoma

• Caused by an overproduction of cells in the stratum

spinosum

• Causes a scaly, red patch that progresses to an ulcer-like mass with a raised border

• Grow quickly and can spread to nearby lymph nodes; but can be treated with surgery and radiation if caught
early

Skin Cancers

• Malignant Melanoma

• Cancer of the melanocytes
• Appears pink, red, and/or “fleshy”
• Changes in size, shape, color, or appearance of a mole is a key warning sign

Identifying Melanoma

• Use the ABCD rule

• A – Asymmetry

• The shape of the mole is irregular

• B – Border

• Outside borders are not smooth

• C – Color

• More than one color is present
• Melanomas can have different shades of black, brown, pink,

reds, or blues

• D – Diameter

• Larger than about 1/4 inch in diameter (larger than the

diameter of a pencil)