Exam Review - Unit 6

Unit 6 Exam Review

​The process of creating protein from DNA is called protein synthesis. Protein is created on the ribosome.

​DNA Replication

This is the process of creating an identical copy of DNA and it occurs in the nucleus

​Transcription

creates an mRNA strand

occurs in the nucleus

Multiple Choice

What is the process of created protein from DNA called?

• Protein Synthesis

• Photosynthesis

• Transcription

• Cellular Respiration

Multiple Choice

Where is a protein synthesized?

• Ribosome

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Lysosome

Multiple Select

What are two true statements about transcription?

• Makes mRNA

• Makes ssDNA

• Occurs in the nucleus

• Occurs in the cytoplasm

​Translation

• Occurs on the ribosome

• Creates a protein from mRNA

• Bring in tRNA

• tRNA matches with codon on mRNA

​When matching DNA bases

A matches with T

T matches with A

C matches with G

G matches with C

Multiple Select

Which statements about translation are true?

• Occurs on the ribosome

• Uses tRNA

• Matches tRNA to mRNA codon

• Duplicates DNA

Multiple Choice

Given this DNA sequence ATGGCTA, what would the complementary DNA strand look like?

• ATGGCTA

• TACCGAT

• TACCGGA

• ATCCGATA

​DNA is often described as a ladder. The sides are made of a phosphate group and the sugar deoxyribose, while the rungs are the base pairs.

Their monomer is a NUCLEOTIDE

​DNA replication occurs during Interphase, the phase before meiosis and mitosis.

​Rosalind Franklin was a skilled x-ray crystallographer and took the famous "photo 51" that was used to determine that DNA has a double helix shape.

Dropdown

The backbone of DNA consists of ​

Select answer

and​ a

Select answer

. The rungs are made of ​

Select answer

.

Multiple Choice

Who took this photo?

• Rosalind Franklin

• Watson & Crick

• Chargaff

• Ansel Adams

Multiple Choice

What did this photo help Watson and Crick determine about the shape of DNA?

• DNA is a double helix

• DNA is a pentagon shape

• DNA is a triangle shape

• DNA is a circle shape

​Mitosis

• Has no change in genetic information from the parent to the daughter cells

• The daughter cells are identical to each other

• The daughter cells and parent cell are all diploid

​Meiosis

• The 4 daughter cells are genetically different from each other and the parent cell

• The daughter cells are haploid

​In both Mitosis & Meiosis

The process starts with a parent cell

​Codon charts show us what amino acid is added to the chain based on the mRNA codon in the active site of the ribosome.

​Find which amino acids are added with the codons: AUU CGA AGA GUU

​There is a second type of chart. What is the amino acid chain made by this set of codons: GUA CGC AGC CAC

Multiple Choice

What is true of both Mitosis and Meiosis?

• They have a parent cell

• They both produce haploid cells

• They both occur in cells without a nucleus

• They both involve the division of genetic material

Multiple Select

What is true about meiosis?

• Produces haploid cells

• Produces diploid cells

• Produces genetic diversity

• Produces 4 cells for every ONE parent cell

Multiple Select

What is true about Mitosis?

• Produces 2 daughter cells

• Daughter cells are diploid

• Creates 4 haploid cells

• Does not have a parent cell

Multiple Choice

What is a chain of amino acids before it becomes a protein?

Protein polymer

• Polypeptide

• Nucleotide

• Fatty Acid

• Monosaccharide

Fill in the Blanks

Write in the mRNA produced from the DNA strand ATTGCA (do not use spaces)

Fill in the Blanks

What is the amino acid added to the polypeptide from the UAG

Multiple Choice

What is one purpose of the Human Genome Project?

• To help treat and cure genetic diseases and disorders

• To create a new species of people

• To develop a new type of food

• To create a new type of computer programming language

Multiple Choice

In this diagram, which sheep is the cloned lamb related to?

• Foster mother

• The sheep that donated an egg

• The sheep that donated a nucleus

• All of the sheep

Multiple Choice

What is DNA called when it has a gene from a donor take and spliced into its genome?

• Recombinant

• Unhinged

• Super DNA

• DNA+