Exam Review - Unit 6

Unit 6 Exam Review

​The process of creating protein from DNA is called protein synthesis. Protein is created on the ribosome.

​DNA Replication

This is the process of creating an identical copy of DNA and it occurs in the nucleus

​Transcription

creates an mRNA strand

occurs in the nucleus

Multiple Choice

What is the process of created protein from DNA called?

• Protein Synthesis

• Photosynthesis

• Transcription

• Cellular Respiration

Multiple Choice

Where is a protein synthesized?

• Ribosome

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Lysosome

Multiple Select

What are two true statements about transcription?

• Makes mRNA

• Makes ssDNA

• Occurs in the nucleus

• Occurs in the cytoplasm

​Translation

• Occurs on the ribosome

• Creates a protein from mRNA

• Bring in tRNA

• tRNA matches with codon on mRNA

​When matching DNA bases

A matches with T

T matches with A

C matches with G

G matches with C

Multiple Select

Which statements about translation are true?

• Occurs on the ribosome

• Uses tRNA

• Matches tRNA to mRNA codon

• Duplicates DNA

Multiple Choice

Given this DNA sequence ATGGCTA, what would the complementary DNA strand look like?

• ATGGCTA

• TACCGAT

• TACCGGA

• ATCCGATA

​DNA is often described as a ladder. The sides are made of a phosphate group and the sugar deoxyribose, while the rungs are the base pairs.

Their monomer is a NUCLEOTIDE

​DNA replication occurs during Interphase, the phase before meiosis and mitosis.

​Rosalind Franklin was a skilled x-ray crystallographer and took the famous "photo 51" that was used to determine that DNA has a double helix shape.

Dropdown

The backbone of DNA consists of ​

Select answer

and​ a

Select answer

. The rungs are made of ​

Select answer

.

Multiple Choice

Who took this photo?

• Rosalind Franklin

• Watson & Crick

• Chargaff

• Ansel Adams

Multiple Choice

What did this photo help Watson and Crick determine about the shape of DNA?

• DNA is a double helix

• DNA is a pentagon shape

• DNA is a triangle shape

• DNA is a circle shape

​Mitosis

• Has no change in genetic information from the parent to the daughter cells

• The daughter cells are identical to each other

• The daughter cells and parent cell are all diploid

​Meiosis

• The 4 daughter cells are genetically different from each other and the parent cell

• The daughter cells are haploid

​In both Mitosis & Meiosis

The process starts with a parent cell

​Codon charts show us what amino acid is added to the chain based on the mRNA codon in the active site of the ribosome.

​Find which amino acids are added with the codons: AUU CGA AGA GUU

​There is a second type of chart. What is the amino acid chain made by this set of codons: GUA CGC AGC CAC

Multiple Choice

What is true of both Mitosis and Meiosis?

• They have a parent cell

• They both produce haploid cells

• They both occur in cells without a nucleus

• They both involve the division of genetic material

Multiple Select

What is true about meiosis?

• Produces haploid cells

• Produces diploid cells

• Produces genetic diversity

• Produces 4 cells for every ONE parent cell

Multiple Select

What is true about Mitosis?

• Produces 2 daughter cells

• Daughter cells are diploid

• Creates 4 haploid cells

• Does not have a parent cell

Multiple Choice

What is a chain of amino acids before it becomes a protein?

Protein polymer

• Polypeptide

• Nucleotide

• Fatty Acid

• Monosaccharide

Fill in the Blanks

Multiple Choice

What is one purpose of the Human Genome Project?

• To help treat and cure genetic diseases and disorders

• To create a new species of people

• To develop a new type of food

• To create a new type of computer programming language

Multiple Choice

In this diagram, which sheep is the cloned lamb related to?

• Foster mother

• The sheep that donated an egg

• The sheep that donated a nucleus

• All of the sheep

Multiple Choice

What is DNA called when it has a gene from a donor take and spliced into its genome?

• Recombinant

• Unhinged

• Super DNA

• DNA+