Notes: Ionic and Covalent Bonding

IONIC AND
COVALENT BONDING

CHAPTER 6

SECTION 2

WHAT IS A CHEMICAL BOND?

• Chemical bond- An attractive force that holds atoms or ions together.

• Do bonds really look like sticks?

Dogs Teaching
Chemistry

2 TYPES OF BONDS

IONIC BONDS

• Formed by positive and negative charge

attraction between ions

• Conducts electricity when dissolved in

water

• Higher melting and boiling point because

of stronger bonds (when compared to
covalent)

COVALENT BONDS

• Sharing electrons between two

nonmetals

• Do not conduct electricity

• Lower melting and boiling point because

of weaker bonds (when compared to
ionic)

COMPOSITION OF BONDS

• The chemical structure of a compound determines the properties of that compound.

• The strength of bonds vary.

Compound

State (room
temp)

Melting Point
(C)

Boiling Point
(C)

Sugar

Solid

185-186°

---

Magnesium fluoride, MgF2

Solid

1700°

2230°

Water

Liquid

0°

100°

Dihydrogen Sulfide

Gas

-86°

-61°

IONIC BONDS

• A bond formed between a metal ion and a nonmetal ion

• Nonmetals make negatively charged ions

• Metals make positively charged ions

• OPPOSITES ATTRACT!!!!!!!

• Will ionize (split up and become ions) in water and conduct electricity

WHAT ARE SOME POSSIBILITIES OF AN IONIC
BOND?

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COVALENT BONDS

• A bond formed by nonmetals sharing electrons.

• Electronegativity helps with bonding.

• Will not become ions in water so it does not conduct electricity

• What are some examples?

THINKING TIME!!!!!

• What is an example of a molecule that we use daily that is in an ionic bond?

HOW TO DRAW THE BONDS

• Ionic Examples- Lewis Dot Structure- Use the element symbol and then draw only the

valence electrons. Draw arrows to show the transfer of electrons and identify the cation
and anion.

HOW TO DRAW THE BONDS

• Covalent bonds-Lewis Dot Structure- Use the element symbol and then draw only the

valence electrons. Then circle the electrons that will be shared between the atoms.