Space, Seasons, and the Universe

HR Diagram Lesson

Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram,

Called H-R diagram in Astronomy

HR Diagrams compare STARS based on their

TEMPERATURE and BRIGHTNESS (Luminosity)

Multiple Choice

Luminosity means

• Glowing

• Dim

• How hot something is

• How bright something is

We compared stars in our Gizmo!

Considering the radius of the stars, I want you to calculate the diameter for 5 Stars. :)

*IMPORTANT* Diameter = 2r

or Diameter is equal to 2 times the radius.

Match

Match the following

(Remember the diameter of the star is double the radius)

2r = D

• Betelgeuse radius: 1000

• Sirius B

  radius: 0.0084

• Antares

  radius: 883

• Procyon B radius: 0.012

• Altair

  radius: 1.6

2000

0.0168

1766

0.024

3.2

• 2000

• 0.0168

• 1766

• 0.024

• 3.2

Remember!!

Rotation (SPIN) is what causes DAY and NIGHT on Earth.

Earth's rotation takes about 24 hours to complete.

Revolution (GO AROUND) is Earth's orbit around the Sun

Earth's revolution takes about 365 DAYS or 1 YEAR

Multiple Choice

What causes changes in the 4 seasons?

• Earth's Rotation

• Earth's Revolution

• The Moon's Rotation

• The Moon's Revolution

As Earth revolves around the Sun...

The Seasons change and cycle!

Each Season lasts approximately 3 Months!

Winter- December, January, February

Spring- March, April, May

Summer- June, July, and August

Fall- September, October, November

AND STARTS BACK OVER AGAIN!

Our Earth is split into TWO Hemispheres!!

Multiple Choice

Which Hemisphere do we live in?

(The country we are in the USA)

• North America

• South America

• North Hemisphere

• South Hemisphere

Now let's apply what we have learned :)

Multiple Choice

If it is Fall in the North Hemisphere, what season is it in the Southern Hemisphere?

• Winter

• Spring

• Summer

• Fall

Multiple Choice

If the season is Summer in the Northern Hemisphere, what season is it in the Southern Hemisphere

• Winter

• Spring

• Summer

• Fall

Multiple Choice

If the Season is Spring in the Southern Hemisphere, what season is it in the Northern Hemisphere

• Winter

• Spring

• Summer

• Fall

Multiple Choice

If the Season is Winter in the Southern Hemisphere, what season is it in the Northern Hemisphere?

• Winter

• Spring

• Summer

• Fall

The Lunar Cycle is the period it takes the Moon to revolve around Earth

It takes about 30 Days!

Multiple Choice

About how long is the Lunar Cycle?

• 1 Week

• 24 Hours

• 30 Days

• 365 Days

Open Ended

Explain in AT LEAST 2-3 FULL sentences:

Why does the Earth experience day and night?

Open Ended

Explain in AT LEAST 2-3 FULL sentences:

Why does Earth experience the 4 Seasons?

Open Ended

Explain in AT LEAST 2-3 FULL sentences:

What is the Universe?

(Hint: Be specific and Identify the objects in the universe.)

Match

Match the following galaxies

• Spiral Galaxy

• Elliptical Galaxy

• Irregular Galaxy

Lots of Dust and Gas,

Older Galaxies, very little Dust and Gas

Unique shapes, share similarities to both

• Lots of Dust and Gas,

• Older Galaxies, very little Dust and Gas

• Unique shapes, share similarities to both

Multiple Choice

Which galaxy is Earth in?

• Andromeda Galaxy

• The Milky Way Galaxy

• IC 1010

• The Solar System

Reorder

Reorder the following

Smallest -----> Largest

• Moon

• Planet

• Star

• Galaxy

• Universe

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Fill in the Blanks