CAUSE & EFFECT

CAUSE & EFFECT

BAHASA INGGRIS WAJIB KELAS XI

M. Zidni Ilman Ahdillah, M.Pd.

“You reap what you sow.”
The things you do are like planted seeds, and
those seeds produce a crop which is the result
of your actions.

THE DEFINITION OF
CAUSE AND EFFECT

In the cause and effect
relationship, one or more things
happen as a result of something
else.

CAUSE

Cause is something or someone
that creates an effect, bring about
a result, has a consequence.

The reason for a condition

Why something happens?

The garbage is

everywhere

EFFECT

Effect is a result, condition, or
consequence brought about by
something or someone

It happens due to a cause

What happened ?

The city is flooded

THE PATTERN OF CAUSE
AND EFFECT

•To find a cause, ask, why did something
happen?

•To find an effect, ask, what happened?

In a making a cause & effect sentence we need
Linking words to connect both the sentences
Linking words help you to connect ideas and
sentences when you speak or write English

Signal words
When we talk about cause.
We used the following signal
words

Because
(karena)

Due (karena)

Unless (kecuali

jika)

Created by
(dibuat oleh)

Led to (dipimpin

ke)

For this reason
(untuk lasan ini)

On account of

(karena)

The reason for
(alasan untuk)

Give rise to

(menimbulkan)

In view of (berdasarkan

fakta itu)

Owing to (berdasarkan

fakta itu)

Bring about
(membawa)

THE PATTERN OF CAUSE
AND EFFECT

Signal words
When we talk about effect.
We used the following signal
words

As a result (hasil

dari)

Then

(kemudian)

Consenquently

(akibatnya)

So (jadi)

In order to

(untuk)

In consequence
(konsekuensinya)

Therefore
(karena itu)

Thus (dengan

demikian)

For this reason (untuk

alasan ini)

NOTES:
Yang perlu kamu garis bawahi adalah, klausa yang
menyatakan sebab (cause) akan selalu disimpan
setelah signal words.
Struktur

kalimat yang umum digunakan adalah

sebagai berikut:

•Signal words + Cause + Effect

•Effect + Signal words + Cause

•She never cleans her room. As a result, her room is
always

dirty.

(dia

tidak

pernah

membersihkan

kamarnya. Sebagai akibatnya, kamarnya selalu kotor)

•Dina comes late to school, then she get punishment
from teacher. (Dina datang terlambat ke sekolah,
maka dia mendapatkan hukuman dari gurunya).

•I didn’t bring any money. Therefore, I couldn’t buy
anything there. (saya tidak membawa uang. Oleh
karena itu, saya tidak bisa membeli apa pun)

•I will take the first bus in order to not get late to
school. (saya mengambil bus pertama supaya tidak
datang terlambat ke sekolah).

Accordingly
(demikan)

Finally (akhirnya)

1

THE SENTENCE STRUCTURE OF
CAUSE AND EFFECT

The cause and effect followed by Noun

•Because of

•Thanks to

•As a result of

•Due to

•As a consequence of

NOUN

1. Due to Alfy’s cheating, he got a D from the lecturer.

(Karena Alfy ketahuan menyontek, dia mendapatkan

nilai D dari dosen.)

2. He always get punished because of his waking up

late habits. (Dia selalu kena hukuman karena

kebiasaan bangun telat.)

3. As a result of heavy rain, we canceled the camping

event. (Karena

hujan yang sangat

deras,

kita

membatalkan acara camping.)

The Example

+

2

THE SENTENCE STRUCTURE OF
CAUSE AND EFFECT

The cause and effect followed by Verb

•Because

•Since

•As

•For
+S+VERB

1. I didn't go to Devi's house because she was doing

her office task. (Aku tidak pergi ke rumah Devi

karena dia sibuk mengerjakan tugas kantor.)

2. My boyfriend and I canceled our date since he

was playing games with his friends. (Pasangan

saya dan saya membatalkan kencan kami karena

dia bermain game dengan teman-temannya.)

3. As it is still raining, we have to go home wearing

our raincoats. (Karena ini masih hujan, kita harus

pulang menggunakan jas hujan kita.)

The Example

THE EXAMPLE OF CAUSE
AND EFFECT

•As a result of COVID, many companies are implementing work from where for their employees.

(Akibat COVID, banyak perusahaan yang menerapkan work from where bagi karyawannya.)

•There was a graduation ceremony on the city square, so traffic was at a standstill.

(Ada upacara kelulusan di alun-alun kota, jadi lalu lintas macet.)

•I’ve started eating a much healthier diet. Consequently, I’ve lost weight and have more energy.

(Saya sudah mulai makan makanan yang jauh lebih sehat. Akibatnya, saya kehilangan berat

badan dan memiliki lebih banyak energi.)

•Thanks

to

my

beloved

boyfriend,

Irecovered

from

a

difficult

situation.

(Berkat pacar tercinta, saya pulih dari situasi yang sulit.)

•He

worked

hard

on

his

thesis,

therefore

he

graduated

on

time.

(Dia bekerja keras untuk tesisnya, oleh karena itu dia lulus tepat waktu.)

THE EXAMPLE OF CAUSE
AND EFFECT

1. I love living in Australia … the weather
2. I am not feeling well, ... I will come to the party.
3. ... being very rich, he never shows off.
4. She never helps anyone ... having a lot of money.
5.

... I was walking on the street, the accident happened.

6. You can borrow my car ... you agree to be very careful with it.
7. Please come on time, ... We may miss the flight.
8. We should avoid oily food ... be healthy.
9. I come early ... I can prepare for my presentation
10. All the flights to and from China are canceled, ... corona virus.