Wind and Weather

Climates are Influenced by patterns of weather and
temperature over time, but What causes weather?

Weather is influenced by several key factors:

Humidity is a measurement of water content
relative to the potential air molecules are
capable of retaining given a temperature.
More than 100% humidity results in
precipitation. The point in which this occurs
(water forms droplets) is called the “Dew
point”

Multiple Choice

The point where water will condense at a given temperature

• Doo point

• Try point

• Dew point

• Condensing period

Fill in the Blanks

100%

results in precipitation

Winds

Atmospheric pressure: Winds

Air molecules have different densities depending
on temperature. The denser the air, the lower to
the surface the air molecules are. The density of
these molecules results in increasing pressure.

As air heats, the molecules disperse causing low
pressure vacuums that are quickly filled with
colder air. Since warmer air is able to hold more
water, the movement of these molecules and the
cooling of air results in condensation- clouds. The
movement of air based on temperature changes
is known as wind.

Fill in the Blanks

the lower to the surface the air molecules are, the

the air is

The temperature of water is relatively stable which
means it takes a lot of energy to change the
temperature of water. Large bodies of water, then,
have different temperatures than the land next to it.
Since the land next to oceans and lakes is much
warmer than the water, this causes a larger difference
in air temperature at the sea. Since wind is the results of this difference in temperature, winds tend to be
stronger on coast lines ((sea breezes)

Influence of groundwater

​Likewise, mountains also affect air circulation and wind.Since temperatures decrease with altitude, wind currents flow differently along mountainsides .

Open Ended

Describe what causes sea breezes

Global wind systems ( global air circulations)

As we mentioned last class, the sunlight on earth is diffused
by the earth's atmosphere, causing uneven heating. This
diffusion results in a global pattern of wind as air is
constantly heated and cooled based on the deflection of light
from the sun. Additionally, the rotation of the earth, further
complicates the trajectory of insolation resulting in whirling
pockets of air called systems. Ultimately wind and weather is
the result in changes in pressure, cold air being high
pressure and hot air being low pressure.

Air rises at the equator, , is deflected right as it
rises due to the rotation of the earth. As it cools it
lowers back towards the surface

Circulations over time

Since the planet is moving
and receive varying amounts
of insolation at different times,
these circulations also change
throughout the year. As a
result, these impact climates
in big ways. These patterns of
movement over time have
been classified within the
umbrella of climate.

●Maritime tropical: Moist
warm air

●Continental tropic: dry
warm air

●Maritime Polar: moist
cold air

●Continental Dry cold air

​https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ao_-OjDQwfk&t=134s

Multiple Choice

Weather and wind depends on atmospheric

• pressure

• circulation

• temperature

• strength

Multiple Choice

The pressure inside our body is roughly equal to the external air pressure around us

• true

• false

Fill in the Blanks

pressure air results in more condensation and precipitation

Multiple Choice

A pressure gradient is

• The difference between high and low pressure

• A scale used to measure air pressure

• The average air pressure in a given geographic location

Poll

The boundary between the troposphere and the stratosphere

• Tropowaite

• Troposphere

• Tropopause

• Tropostop

Multiple Choice

Doldrums are

• Surface winds that originate at the intertropical convergence zone

• A special device used to navigate earths surface based on changes in wind

• Blustery gale force winds that blew ships off course

• An insult