DNA/RNA/Prot. Synthesis Review

DNA/RNA/Protein Synthesis

Review

DNA- DeoxyriboNucleic Acid

Monomer- Nucleotide

*Know the 3 parts

Phospahet Group, Sugar, Nitrogen Base

Main scientists- Watson and
Crick-Double Helix structure.

Sugar-phosphate backbone- bases in
the middle

Franklin’s contribution- Xray image

Chargaff’s Rule - A=T, C=G

Multiple Choice

Where is DNA found?

• Nucleus

• cytoplasm

• lysosome

• ribosome

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT true about DNA?

• A.It contains the sugar deoxyribose

• A.It is a double helix

• A.It has 4 bases: adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine

• A.It is single stranded

Multiple Choice

When does DNA replicate?

• A.Before the cell makes proteins

• A.Before the cell makes mRNA

• A.Before the cell divides

• A.Before the cell makes enzymes

Math Response

If 20% of the bases in a DNA strand are A (Adenine), what % would be C (Cytosine)?

Remember that A=T, C=G

Type answer here

Correct Answer: 30

Deg^°

Rad

Multiple Choice

In DNA, thymine always pairs with adenine.

• True

• False

RNA- Ribonucleic Acid- also made of Nucleotides

3 types RNA-

mRNA-Messenger- carries genetic info (codons)

tRNA- Transfer- carries amino acids (anticodons)

rRNA-ribosomal- makes ribosomes

Multiple Choice

In RNA, uracil pairs with adenine.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is responsible for carrying coded information from the nucleus?

• mRNA

• ATP

• ribosome

• cell membrane

Multiple Choice

What are the 3 types of RNA?

• mRNA, tRNA, rRNA

• mRNA, bRNA, rRNA

• DNA, mRNA, rRNA

• mRNA, fRNA, tRNA

3 Differences between
DNA and RNA

Central Dogma-
Protein Synthesis

The ultimate goal is to
produce a protein
(polypeptide).

There are 20 different amino
acids that are held together by
peptide bonds to form the
primary structure of proteins.

Multiple Choice

The monomer for proteins is

• glucose

• amino acids

• fatty acids

• nucleotide

Labelling

Label the diagram

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

tRNA

DNA

mRNA

Amino Acid

Protein

Ribosome

Reorder

Put the process for Protein Synthesis in order.

• Replication

• Transcription

• Translation

1

2

3

• 1
• 2
• 3

SKILL

Be able to
replicate DNA-
Using
Chargaff’s rule
(A pairs with T,
C pairs with G)

***You should know Enzymes (another
type of Protein) make Replication
possible.

Match

Which N-bases pair together in DNA?

• A
• C
• T
• G

T

G

A

C

• T

• G

• A

• C

Multiple Choice

What type of proteins make replication and transcription possible?

• Magic Proteins

• Amino Acids

• Enzymes

• Primary Proteins

SKILL

Be able to
Transcribe
RNA- Using
Chargaff’s rule
(A pairs with U,
C pairs with G)

***Enzymes also help with Transcription!

Multiple Choice

What is the location in the cell for transcription?

• nucleus

• cytoplasm

• ribosome

• mitochondria

Multiple Choice

Choose the nucleotide sequence of the RNA strand that would be complementary to the following strand:

GTAGTCA

• UATUAGA

• ACGACTG

• CAUCAGU

• CATCAGT

Match

Which N-bases pair together in RNA?

• A

• U

• C

• G

U

A

G

C

• U

• A

• G

• C

SKILL

Mark your codons for
the next step (Only
on mRNA)

Be able to Translate
the RNA into Amino
Acids- Using a codon
chart.

Multiple Choice

How many bases does a codon have?

• 2

• 3

• 4

• 5

Multiple Choice

A codon in RNA may be represented by all of the following EXCEPT-

• CGG

• CGT

• CGU

• CGA

Multiple Choice

The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____

• transcription

• rRNA

• replication

• translation

Multiple Choice

What is the location in the cell for translation?

• nucleus

• mitochondria

• ribosome

• chloroplast

Multiple Choice

How do you find the Amino Acids on the Codon Chart?

• Use the anticodons from tRNA

• Use the codons from mRNA

• Drop a finger and guess!

• Spin the wheel.