Unit 4 Matter and Energy in Ecosystems Review

Unit 4 Matter in Ecosystems Review

Complete this review to earn full points for this assignment.

You may do this review over and over to help you study and prepare for the Unit 4 exam.

Nitrogen Cycle

•
The nitrogen cycle is a repeating
cycle of processes during which
nitrogen moves through both living
and non-living things: the
atmosphere, soil, water, plants,
animals and bacteria.

•
The nitrogen cycle is vital for life on
Earth.

•
Through the cycle, atmospheric
nitrogen is converted to a form
which plants can incorporate into
new proteins.

Multiple Choice

The nitrogen cycle is one of the most important and complex biogeochemical cycles.  It is important because nitrogen ____.

• is a greenhouse gas

• is the building block or organic block

• is toxic to the most forms of life

• is an important nutrient necessary for life

Multiple Choice

Once bacteria have fixed nitrogen, it can be taken up by plants and animals where it is used in the production of ____.

• Energy

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Fatty acids

Carbon Cycle

• Describes the

process in which
carbon atoms
continually travel
from the
atmosphere to the
Earth and then
back into the
atmosphere.

Multiple Choice

Why do levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere fall during the summer in the northern hemisphere?

• More people live in the northern hemisphere, and they burn less fossil fuel and wood for heating in the summer

• The northern hemisphere is covered in vegetation during the summer months and takes in more CO2. In the winter, it decays and releases more CO2.

• People in the northern hemisphere drive more in the summer, releasing more CO2 in to the air

• The northern hemisphere is covered by more oceans which store significant amounts of CO2

Multiple Choice

Which statement below best explains the importance of carbon for life on Earth?

• Carbon is found in ALL living things. It is an important source of energy, it fuels the process of photosynthesis, and it is a MAJOR component of greenhouse gases.

• Carbon is found in ALL living things. It is an important source of energy, it fuels the process of cellular respiration, and it is NOT a MAJOR component of greenhouse gases.

• Carbon is found in MOST living things. It is an essential source of energy, it fuels the process of photosynthesis, and it is a MAJOR component of greenhouse gases.

• Carbon is found in MOST living things. It is an essential source of energy, it fuels the process of photosynthesis, and it is NOT a MAJOR component of greenhouse gases.

Open Ended

How does the average CO2 concentration at the start of the study in 1960 compare with the CO2 concentration at the end in 2015? What might explain this change?

Open Ended

Identify the ONE important natural processes that help keep the atmospheric CO2 within a certain range. Also, identify ONE factor that releases CO2 into the atmosphere.

Water Cycle

•
Shows the
continuous
movement of
water within the
Earth and
atmosphere.

Open Ended

A water molecule travels down a

river toward an ocean with other water

molecules. Two months later, that same

water molecule rests on a mountain glacier. Explain how this is

possible.

Multiple Choice

What is the term for all living and once-living (dead) organisms?

• Biotic Matter

• Abiotic Matter

Multiple Choice

Water, air, sunlight and temperature are examples of ___________ because they were never living.

• Abiotic matter

• Biotic matter

Multiple Choice

Carbon moves from abiotic matter (air) to biotic matter during what process?

• Cellular Respiration

• Photosynthesis

• Eating

• Dying

Multiple Choice

Carbon moves from biotic matter (inside all organisms) to abiotic matter (air) during ________________.

• Cellular Respiration

• Photosynthesis

• Eating

• Dying

Multiple Choice

True or False?

Fossil fuels, made from dead organisms, contain carbon.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

True or False?

Carbon cycles throughout closed ecosystems.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

If the carbon dioxide in the air is increasing, the carbon in other parts of the ecosystem must be ___________________.

• increasing

• decreasing

• staying the same

Multiple Choice

Which organisms help move carbon from abiotic matter to biotic matter?

• Producers

• Consumers

• Decomposers

Multiple Choice

Without these organisms, ecosystems would not have any energy.

• Producers

• Consumers

• Decomposers

Multiple Choice

Grass is eaten by a grasshopper which a frog eats. Name the secondary consumer.

• Grass

• Grasshopper

• Frog

Multiple Choice

A wolf eats a deer who eats the clover plant.

Which of these is a primary consumer?

• Clover plant

• Deer

• Wolf

Multiple Choice

The hawk eats the snake, which eats the frog. Name the apex predator.

• Frog

• Snake

• Hawk

Multiple Choice

Which trophic level has the most energy?

• Producers

• Primary Consumers

• Secondary Consumers

• Apex Predators

Multiple Choice

If producers make 1,000 calories (kcal) of energy, how much energy will reach the SECONDARY consumers? Think!

• .1 kcal

• 1 kcal

• 10 kcal

• 100 kcal

Multiple Choice

A biome with high rainfall, biodiversity, and temperatures would be described as a __________.

• Rainforest

• Tundra

• Temperate Forest

• Chaparral

Multiple Choice

The appearance of free oxygen in Earth's atmosphere led to the "Great Oxidation Event." Where did all of this oxygen come from?

• Volcano eruptions

• Cyanobacteria

• Late Heavy Bombardment

Multiple Select

Which type of ecological interaction(s) is responsible for energy transfer in a food chain? Pick two answers.

• competition

• parasitism

• mutualism

• predation

What else should I study for the exam?

​Make sure you review:

• Plants and snails Gizmo lab

• Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

• Symbiotic Relationships

• You may re-do this Quizizz over and over to help you study.