Immunisation Quiz HHB

Immunisation Quiz

​Sophies Tutoring Caithness

Higher Human Biology

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What do we call the microbes that cause disease?

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What is the key part of a vaccine that is taken from a specific infectious pathogen?

Multiple Choice

How do vaccines protect people against disease infections?

• Vaccines introduce a live version of the pathogen

• Vaccines stimulate antigens to be produced by the red blood cells

• Vaccines introduce pathogenic antigens, which stimulate the white blood cells to produce antibodies

• Vaccines introduce a dead form of the disease to stimulate immunity

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Which cells in the body produce antibodies to a specific antigen?

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Define phagocytosis.

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True or false?

A vaccine acts as a primary infection which results in a more rapid immune response to a secondary infection.

Open Ended

Discuss what happens during the primary infection.

​Answer

​During the primary infection the antibodies slowly increase, peak at around ten days and then gradually decrease. This primary infection results in the production of memory cells that remain in the bloodstream.

Open Ended

Discuss what it means to have immunity.

​Answer

​A second exposure to the same pathogen causes the white blood cells to respond quickly in order to produce lots of the relevant antibodies, which prevents infection.

The antibodies are produced so quickly by the memory cells that the pathogen is killed off before it can make the person ill. This is called being immune to a disease or having immunity.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are 'adjuvants'? (select all that apply)

• Aluminium hydroxide

• Carbon monoxide

• Paraffin oil

• Paraffin wax

Multiple Choice

Vaccination results in the manufacture of memory cells. What do these do?

• They enable future antibody production against the pathogen to be slower but in greater quantity

• They enable future antibody production against the pathogen to be faster but in lower quantity

• They enable future antibody production against the pathogen to be faster and in greater quantity

• They enable future antibody production against the pathogen to be slower and in lower quantity

Open Ended

Discuss how herd immunity is acquired.

​Answer

​Following a vaccination, a person can become immune to the specific disease. This immunity gives protection against illness in an individual.

Vaccinating the majority of the population against serious diseases can reduce the chance of people coming into contact with specific pathogens. This leads to herd immunity.

Open Ended

Discuss the 3 scenarios in which herd immunity is recognised.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are limits of herd immunisation?

• Uptake of vaccine

• Dosage of vaccine

• Type of vaccine

• Quality of vaccine

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What was the main concern with the MMR vaccine?

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Which diseases does MMR protect against?

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What are some of the complications of Measles, mumps and rubella?

Open Ended

Discuss antigenic variation and Influenza

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What is antigenic variation?