April CIR 309 Voc

CIR 309 Vocabulary Review

Grapheme

Letter or letter pattern that represents a sound.

Ex: sh, b, p, a, tch

Open Ended

Give another example of a Grapheme.

Blending

Two or three graphemes, each used to represent each of their sounds. Also referred to as Consonant blends.

Ex: st, cr, str, cl

Open Ended

Provide an example of a word with a consonant blend.

Segmentation

Identifying the individual sounds (phonemes) in a word.

Ex: segmenting the initial sound. What is the initial sound in big? /b/

Open Ended

What is the final sound in the word cat?

Stop Sounds

Spoken sounds where air flow from the mouth is blocked first and then released. The sounds are short and are not extended unless you are incorrectly saying them (distorting them) with a schwa.

Ex: p, t, k,

Syllables

-Unit of pronunciation that is organized around a vowel.

Types:

-Open -Vowel R

-Closed -Consonant - Le

-Vce -Schwa/odd

-Vowel teams

Open Ended

Provide examples of each syllable type.

Vowel R

Single vowel letter followed by r that stands for a unique vowel sound.

Ex: car, bird, turf

Schwa

-Empty vowel in an unaccented syllable.

-Pronounced /i/ or /u/

-Ex: wagon, America, mountain

-Can be spelled with all vowel graphemes and even vowel teams.

Vowel Consonant E

-Common pattern for spelling a long vowel sound.

-The "silent" or "magic" e added to CVC word make the long vowel sound.

-Ex: cape, mate, bite

Decoding

Ability to translate a word from print to speech: Reading.

Encoding

The ability to translate speech to print: Spelling

Sight Word Recognition

The ability to recognize a word accuratly and automatically.

Vowel Teams

Two or more letters representing one vowel sound.

Ex: ea, ie, igh

Digraph

Two letters representing one sound.

Ex: ch, sh ck

Trigraph

Three letters representing one sound.

Ex: tch

Doublet

-One letter doubled that represents its sound.

-Floss rule: (ff, ll, ss, zz) When /f/, /l/, /s/, and /z/ directly follow an unaccented short vowel (or in a one-syllable word), consonant is spelled with a double letter pattern.

-Ex: fizz, stuff, full, kiss

Silent Letter Pattern

Letter combination where one or more grapheme does not represent a sound.

Ex: kn, wr, gn, mn, ps, lm

Diphthong

Silent vowel phonemes that glide in the middle.

Ex: /oi/ and /ou/

Analogy Phonics

An approach to phonics that relies on using groups of analogous (similar) words to build a child's reading vocabulary.

Analytic Phonics

A common approach to teaching reading that starts at the word level, rather than the sound (phoneme) level.

Authentic Text

A text is written for any purpose other than teaching/learning about language.

Authentic texts are real, living language written to engage readers and draw them in. They are usually to entertain, inform, or persuade.

Automaticity

The ability to rapidly, effortlessly, and accurately recognize or decode words.

Also, known as automatic word recognition.

Scope and Sequence

Guides instruction based on logical skill sequence builds on previously learned skills and allows for evaluating gaps across grade levels.

Phonograms

A letter or combination of letters that represent a sound.