Hydrosphere Unit Review

Hydrosphere

Unit Review

Density, States of Matter, Water Cycles, and Groundwater!

Review - Measuring Matter

• Mass is the amount of matter in an object.

• Volume is the amount of space an object takes up.

• Density is the amount of mass in a specific volume.

• We measure density using a calculator, and our units are g/mL.

Match

Match the property to its definition.

• Mass

• Volume

• Density

Amount of matter in an object

Amount of space an object takes up

Amount of mass in a specific volume

• Amount of matter in an object

• Amount of space an object takes up

• Amount of mass in a specific volume

Match

Match the property to its description.

• Mass

• Volume

• Density

How heavy it feels

How big it looks

How closely packed the particles are

• How heavy it feels

• How big it looks

• How closely packed the particles are

Match

Match the property to its measurement tool.

• Mass

• Volume

• Density

Scale

Graduated Cylinder

Calculator

• Scale

• Graduated Cylinder

• Calculator

Match

Match the property to its units.

• Mass

• Volume

• Density

grams (g)

milliLiters (mL)

grams per milliLiter (g/mL)

• grams (g)

• milliLiters (mL)

• grams per milliLiter (g/mL)

Dropdown

The baseball has ​​

Select answer

density than the rubber ball because it has more ​

Select answer

but the same ​

Select answer

​ .

Dropdown

The foam ball has ​

Select answer

density than the marble because it has more ​

Select answer

but the same ​

Select answer

.

Review -

States of Matter

• Water's Density changes as temperature changes.

• In Science class, we'll use Celsius to measure the temperature.

• Liquid water changes to a gas at 100 degrees Celsius.

• Below 100, water is a liquid.

• Above 100, water is a gas.

Match

Match the state of matter to the example.

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

Ice

Water in the ocean

Water vapor

• Ice

• Water in the ocean

• Water vapor

Match

Match the state of matter to the diagram.

Gas

Solid

Liquid

• Gas

• Solid

• Liquid

Multiple Choice

Water changes from a liquid to a gas at ___ degrees Celsius.

• 0

• 32

• 100

• 212

Dropdown

Below 100 degrees Celsius, water is a ​

Select answer

,

but above 100 degrees Celsius, water is a ​

Select answer

Dropdown

Water vapor particles are more ​

Select answer

than liquid ocean water, so we would say the water vapor is ​

Select answer

dense.

Density and Convection Currents

• The water cycle on Earth's crust and the magma cycle in Earth's mantle follow the same pattern of temperature change, density change, location change.

• Particles heat up, spread out, and rise.

• Then particles cool down, pack together, and sink.

Dropdown

The Water Cycle describes the movement of ​

Select answer

,

while the Mantle Cycle describes the movement of ​

Select answer

.

Dropdown

In both cycles, particles ​​

Select answer

when they heat up.

In the water cycle, heat comes from ​

Select answer

,

but in the mantle cycle, heat comes from ​

Select answer

.

Dropdown

In both cycles, particles ​​

Select answer

when they cool down.

In the water cycle, particles are cooled by ​

Select answer

,

but in the mantle cycle, particles are cooled by ​

Select answer

.

Dropdown

As particles heat up, they ​

Select answer

.

Density ​ ​

Select answer

, and the particles ​

Select answer

.

Dropdown

As particles cool down, they ​

Select answer

.

Density ​ ​

Select answer

, and the particles ​​

Select answer

.

Review -

The Water Cycle

• We have been discussing the water cycle, which describes how water moves from Earth's surface to the atmosphere, and back again.

• The sun heats the water, which spread out and rises to the atmosphere, where it cools and sinks back to Earth.

• We call these changes Evaporation, Condensation, and Precipitation.

Dropdown

When the Sun shines on the ocean, the water particles ​

Select answer

and​

Select answer

.

When the vapor touches the atmosphere, the water particles ​

Select answer

and ​

Select answer

.

Reorder

Sequence these events in the water cycle.

• START: The sun heats the liquid water.

• Water vapor expands and rises to the atmosphere.

• The atmosphere cools the vapor.

• The vapor packs together to form clouds.

• Gravity pulls the water back to Earth's surface.

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Labelling

Label the steps of the water cycle.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Evaporation

Condensation

Precipitation

Match

Match the step of the water cycle to its description.

• Evaporation

• Condensation

• Precipitation

Liquid Water becomes Water Vapor.

Water Vapor packs together to form a cloud.

Dense liquid water falls back to Earth's surface.

• Liquid Water becomes Water Vapor.

• Water Vapor packs together to form a cloud.

• Dense liquid water falls back to Earth's surface.

Review - The Hydrosphere

• Scientists classify Earth's water to make it easier to study.

• Oceans are liquid saltwater, and compose 97% of Earth's water.

• Glaciers are frozen freshwater and compose 2% of Earth's water.

• Accessible Water is the water humans use to meet their needs. It is liquid freshwater, and composes 1% of Earth's water.

Multiple Choice

Earth's water can be classified into:

• Convergent

  Divergent

  Transform

• Carnivores

  Herbivores

  Omnivores

• Accessible

  Glaciers

  Oceans

• Helpful

  Harmful

  Neutral

Match

Match the classification to its composition.

• Accessible Water

• Glaciers

• Oceans

Liquid Freshwater

Solid Freshwater

Liquid Saltwater

• Liquid Freshwater

• Solid Freshwater

• Liquid Saltwater

Match

Match the classification to its availability in the hydrosphere.

• Accessible Water

• Glaciers

• Oceans

1%

2%

97%

• 1%

• 2%

• 97%

Match

Match the classification to an example or location.

• Accessible Water

• Glaciers

• Oceans

Lake, river, underground

Antarctica

Atlantic, Pacific ...

• Lake, river, underground

• Antarctica

• Atlantic, Pacific ...

Accessing Groundwater

• Humans use groundwater to drink and to irrigate crops.

• To access groundwater, people dig a hole called a "well."

• If the water table is above the well, humans can access the water.

• If the water table is below the well, the well will run dry.

• When the water table is too low for people to meet their needs, the area is said to have a "drought."

Dropdown

Scientists divide Earth's liquid freshwater into

​ ​

Select answer

, like Lakes, Rivers, and Ponds,

and ​

Select answer

, which is underground.

Multiple Choice

Which diagram best represents Earth's groundwater?

Hotspot

Where is the Water Table?

Multiple Choice

When the water table is too low for people to meet their needs,

Scientists say there is a "___."

• Famine

• Drought

• Flood

Refilling and Protecting Groundwater

• Refilling Groundwater is part of the water cycle.

• Most groundwater started as precipitation

  that is pulled down toward's Earth's center by gravity.

• It is stopped by rocks that are too dense to pass through, which are called "Bedrock."

• Dangerous chemicals like fertilizer and pesticides, and leakage from landfills or septic tanks are also pulled down by gravity and can pollute the groundwater.

Multiple Choice

Most groundwater ___.

• Rises up from the mantle

• Sinks down from Earth's surface

Multiple Choice

___ is the force pulling water down towards Earth's center.

• Pressure

• Gravity

• Drag

• Friction

Labelling

Label this diagram.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Water Table

Bedrock

Dry Soil

Groundwater

Well

Multiple Choice

Water doesn't reach the mantle because ___.

• There is a dense layer of bedrock that it cannot pass through.

• Gravity is not strong enough to pull it all the way down.

• Some force is pulling it back towards Earth's surface.

• Water actually does reach the mantle.