Edited Physics Cambridge Review

Physics Cambridge Review

• Describe the effect of different forces on an object at rest and in motion.

• Use force diagrams to show the name, size and direction of forces acting on an object.

#1-2 Learning Objectives

Effects of Forces

Force Diagrams

• To show the different forces acting upon an object

• FORCES INVOLVED:

  • red - thrust/ applied force

  • blue - friction

  • green - normal force

  • yellow - gravitational force/ weight

Force Diagrams

The net force of a car at rest or traveling at constant speed is 0/ZERO.

Force Diagrams

If the car is accelerating, the thrust/ applied force is greater than frictional force.

Force Diagrams

If the car is slowing down, the frictional force is greater than applied force/ thrust.

Force Diagrams

What is the net force?

Where would the box go?

Force Diagrams

What is the net force? 50 N

Where would the box go?

to the right

Force Diagrams

What is the net force? 25 N

Where would the box go?

upward

Multiple Select

What are the reasons why the spacecraft leaving the Moon moves upwards faster than when it leaves the Earth?

• the spacecraft's weight is smaller in the moon

• the spacecraft's mass is smaller in the moon

• Gravity is less in the moon

• No air resistance in the moon

• Gravity is more in the moon than of Earth's.

Fill in the Blank

Which force is the effect of gravity on the mass of the aeroplane?

Multiple Choice

The thrust is greater than the air resistance.

What happens to the speed of the aeroplane?

• remains constant

• decreases

• increases

Multiple Select

The aeroplane is in level flight.

The aeroplane is not moving up or down.

Which two forces must be equal in size?

• air resistance

• thrust

• upthrust

• weight

Multiple Choice

Which picture shows the direction of the force of gravity?

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Multiple Choice

Which picture shows the direction of air resistance?

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Multiple Select

Which of the following are true about forces?

• forces make objects change speed

• friction is a force

• pitch is a force

• weight is a force

• Forces do not stop objects moving.

Multiple Choice

Yuri has a balloon. He blows into the balloon.

He uses a force to _______ air into the balloon. The balloon changes shape.

• pull

• push

Fill in the Blank

What is the name of the force that makes objects fall on the Earth?

Multiple Select

Which are true about force A?

• pulls the bird towards the Earth

• slows down the bird

• increases the speed of the bird

• also known as drag/ air resistance

• also known as thrust/ applied force

Fill in the Blank

Which apparatus is used to measure force?

Multiple Select

How can the boy increase the friction between the ground and the wheels?

• oil should be used

• increase the wheels' tread marks

• make the wheels wider

• add more wheels

Multiple Choice

The diagram shows a forcemeter.

What type of force is it measuring?

• friction

• push

• twist

• upthrust

Fill in the Blank

The forcemeter points to 3.

The force is doubled.

What does the forcemeter now point to?

Fill in the Blank

Label the arrow with the name of the force slowing the ball’s movement.

Fill in the Blank

What is the name of the force that tries to stop the block moving?

Multiple Choice

What happens between the two magnets?

• force of attraction

• force of repulsion

• negative force

• positive force

• there is no force

Fill in the Blank

The button lets the paint out of the spray.

What force does Youssef use on the button?

Multiple Select

Explain why Youssef puts oil on the chain.

• to create friction

• to decrease friction

• to make the bike move faster

• to make the bike move slowly

Multiple Choice

When this man opens the door he uses a...

• magnetic

• moving

• pushing

• pulling

• twisting

Multiple Choice

This man thinks that the door does not open because there is too much friction.

What does he do to reduce the friction?

• add carpet under the door

• add oil to the door

• make the door bigger

• make the door heavier

• put a mat in front of the door

Draw

A force makes the car move forward.

Draw an arrow on the car to show the direction of this force.

Correct answer

THRUST/ APPLIED FORCE

Multiple Choice

A type of friction is...

• air resistance

• gravity

• applied force

• upthrust

Multiple Choice

How many of the pictures show only pulling forces?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

• 5

• Describe the difference between mass, measured in kilograms (kg), and weight, measured in newtons (N).

• Describe the effect of gravity and know that when gravity changes, the weight of an object changes but the mass does not.

#3-4 Learning Objectives

Mass and Weight

Mass (kg/g) will never change while weight (force) depends on the gravitational force.

• Recognise that the mass and shape of an object can affect if it floats or sinks.

#5 Learning Objectives

For measuring mass

Based on Cambridge Checkpoint Mark Scheme last year, weighing scale/ balance are not considered since

they measure WEIGHT.

Multiple Select

What piece of equipment is used to measure the mass of the cube?

• balance

• scale(s) like electronic scale

• weighing scale

• weighing balance

• triple beam balance

Multiple Choice

The greater the mass of the cube the more likely the cube will sink.

• true

• false

Draw

Chen wants to make a piece of steel float.

Describe how he could change the shape of the steel cube to make it float.

Draw a diagram to help you answer the question.

Possible answers

make the cube hollow / make it boat shaped

Multiple Choice

In both diagrams the mass of the spacecraft is the same.

• True

• False

Multiple Select

The weight of the spacecraft on the Moon is different from its weight on the

Earth. What is the reason?

• gravity is different on the Moon

• gravity is bigger on the moon than on Earth

• gravity is smaller on the Moon than on Earth

• the diagram is wrong

Fill in the Blank

What is the unit for force?

Fill in the Blank

What is the unit for weight?

Fill in the Blank

What is the unit for mass?

Draw

Draw a line from the measurement to the correct unit. You can draw a line to each unit once, more than once, or not at all.

Correct answer

• Describe how a ray of light changes direction when it is reflected from a plane mirror.

• Describe how a ray of light changes direction when it travels through different mediums and know that this is called refraction.

#6, 7 Learning Objectives

Law of Reflection

Angle of incidence and angle of reflection are always EQUAL on a plane mirror.

Drawing the Refracted Ray

It depends on the medium where light strikes. For solid medium (glass/ plastic block), light will refract the most while for gas medium, light will refract the least.

Drawing the Refracted Ray

The denser the medium = the refracted ray bends towards the normal line

The less dense the medium = refracted ray bends away from the normal line

Draw

Complete the diagram by drawing the ray of light after it hits the plane mirror.

Correct answer

Angles are equal.

Fill in the Blank

Name the process that describes what happens when the ray of light hits the

plane mirror.

Draw

Complete the diagram by drawing the ray of light after it hits the plane mirror.

Draw

Complete the diagram by drawing the ray of light as it enters and leaves the

glass block.

Correct answer

In the exam, use a ruler.

Fill in the Blank

Name the process that describes the change of direction when the ray of light

enters the glass block.

Draw

Complete the diagram to show the ray of light entering his eye

Correct answer

In the exam, use a ruler.

Draw

What happens to the ray of light at the surface of the water.

Correct answer

Answer/s should be the same number of answers in the mark scheme.

Multiple Choice

Which produces ray of light?

• book

• Carlos

• lamp

• all of them

Multiple Choice

Why do we see light from the flashlight?

• light goes into our eyes

• light is reflected by our eyes

• light goes into the flashlight

• light is reflected by the flashlight

• Make simple circuits and compare the brightness of lamps in series and parallel circuits.

• Use diagrams and conventional symbols to represent, make and compare circuits that include cells, switches, lamps and buzzers.

#8,9 Learning Objectives

• In series circuit, ONLY ONE path for electricity.

• In parallel circuit, MULTIPLE paths for electricity.

Series vs Parallel Circuits

Series vs Parallel Circuits

Series vs Parallel Circuits

Electronic Circuit Symbols

In making a circuit diagram, the following

symbols are used.

Take note of the difference between a cell

and a battery (a set of 2 cells).

Conductors and Insulators

Wires have two parts: copper and

plastic/ rubber tubing

Multiple Choice

How many buzzers are there in this circuit?

• 0

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

How many bulbs/ lamps are there in this circuit?

• 0

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

How many closed switches are there in this circuit?

• 0

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

How many open switches are there in this circuit?

• 0

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

How many cells are there in this circuit?

• 0

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

What type of circuit is in the diagram? Explain your answer.

• It is parallel because there is only one pathway from one side of the

  cell to the other side of the cell.

• It is parallel because there are multiple pathways from one side of the

  cell to the other side of the cell.

• It is series because there is only one pathway from one side of the

  cell to the other side of the cell.

• It is series because there are multiple pathways from one side of the

  cell to the other side of the cell.

Multiple Select

Ahmed closes the switch and records the brightness of the lamp.

Where is/are the anomalous result/s?

• number of lamps =6

• number of lamps = 1

• brightness of lamps = 7

• brightness of lamps = 4

Multiple Choice

If the brightness of the lamps get dimmer each time a lamp is added, what type of circuit was used in this experiment?

• parallel

• series

Draw

Draw a circuit diagram for a parallel circuit that has two cells and two lamps.

Correct answer

Draw

Ahmed draws an electrical circuit.

The electrical circuit has a cell, a lamp and a switch.

Draw the circuit symbols in the boxes to complete the diagram.

Correct answer

Draw

Ahmed decides to add another lamp to the electrical circuit.

Which one of the following sentences is true?

Tick (/) the correct box.

Correct answer

Multiple Choice

What type of circuit is shown in the diagram?

• parallel

• series

Multiple Select

Rajiv wants to make the lamp brighter.

Choose the two correct statements.

• add another cell

• add another lamp

• make the wires longer

• make the wires shorter

• remove one cell

Draw

Write your answers.

Correct answers

Multiple Choice

Chen draws this electrical circuit diagram.

Which electrical circuit has Chen drawn?

Multiple Choice

Which electrical circuit has the brightest lamp?

Fill in the Blank

What is the name of this electrical symbol?

Fill in the Blank

Which material does not conduct electricity?

Fill in the Blank

Brass conducts electricity.

Name one material that is a better conductor of electricity based on the results table.

Multiple Choice

Why does this electrical circuit not work?

• the lamp is on the wrong side of the switch

• the circuit is open

• there is no cell

• the switch is off

Draw

Draw the electrical symbol for a buzzer in the space below.

Correct answer

Draw

Draw the electrical symbol for a lamp in the space below.

Correct answer

Multiple Choice

How many electrical circuits will work?

• 0

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

Mia closes the switch. The lamps are very bright.

She adds two more lamps to the electrical circuit. Describe what happens.

• The lamps will be dimmer.

• The lamps will be brighter.

Multiple Choice

Aiko wants to find out which metal is the best electrical conductor.

What does she measure to find out which metal is the best electrical conductor?

• brightness of the lamp

• colour of the lamp

• colour of the metal

• length of the metal

• temperature of the metal

Draw

Draw a line to match each symbol with the correct name.

Correct answer

Multiple Select

Which material/s are good conductors of electricity?

• graphite

• plastic

• rubber

• silver

• wood