Science - U7, D12

Day 12

SC.5.L.14.2

• Benchmark: Compare and contrast the

function of organs and other physical
structures of plants and animals,
including humans, for example: some
animals have skeletons for support —
some with internal skeletons others
with exoskeletons — while some
plants have stems for support.

• Essential Question:
• How can we compare and contrast the

function of organs, and other physical
structures of plants and animals?

• Vocabulary:
• organism

structure

vertebrate

• invertebrate

exoskeleton

A living thing is called an organism.

A body part that does a certain “job” for
an organism is called a structure.

The “job” that a structure does is called its
function.

Just as we have organs in our bodies that carry out

different functions, plants and animals do also.

Humans and animals

have many of the
same organs, and
these organs carry

out similar
functions.

Like humans, animals have a heart, lungs,

stomach, brain, pancreas, intestines,
kidneys, bladder, liver, skin, or body

covering, and sensory organs.

They also have organs
for reproduction like
humans do, such as
testes and ovaries.

While humans and animals share many of the same

structures, there are some differences also.

• Gills are a structure that some animals have that allow them to

remove oxygen from water. (breathe under water)

• The bones of many animals differ from those of a human.
• Animals may be vertebrates (with a backbone) or invertebrates

(without a backbone).

• Many invertebrates have an exoskeleton, which is a hard covering

on the outside of their body that protects their soft parts inside.

Vertebrates

• Animals that have a

backbone are vertebrates

• All vertebrates have an

endoskeleton (internal
skeleton)

• Vertebrates are classified

into mammals, birds,
reptiles, amphibians and
fish.

Invertebrates

• Animals that do not have a

backbone are invertebrates

• Include sponges, worms,

snails, jellyfish, clams, and
starfish

• Invertebrates with an

exoskeleton include lobsters,
crabs, crayfish, shrimp, ticks,
scorpions, insects, and
spiders.

Multiple Choice

The shell of the southern painted turtle and the spines of Nelly's cory cactus help these species to:

• camouflage themselves underwater

• build shelters from twigs

• protect themselves from predators

• find water in dry areas

Multiple Choice

What is the primary function of both the external skeleton of a crab and the internal skeleton of a seagull?

• They contain lungs for breathing.

• The are made up of strong muscles.

• They provide strength and support for the body.

• They provide oxygen and protection from predators.

Multiple Choice

Amphibians are able to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide through their smooth, moist skin. Which of these organs has the same purpose?

• Liver

• Heart

• Lungs

• Bladder

Multiple Choice

A frog begins its life in the form of a tadpole. Like a fish, a tadpole cannot live outside of water. A tadpole undergoes a physical change to become an adult frog, which allows the adult frog to live all or part of its life out of water. Which statement describes a change in structure that must take place during the change from a tadpole to an adult frog?

• Gills in the tadpole are replaced by lungs in the adult.

• Lungs in the tadpole are replaced by gills in the adult.

• Bones in the tadpole are replaced by an exoskeleton in the adult.

• An exoskeleton in the tadpole is replaced by ones in the adult.