Energy

​Energy

​1. Types of Energy

2. Kinetic and Potential Energy

3. Energy Transformation

​All forms of energy can be described in two general types of energy, kinetic energy and potential energy.

​​Energy is the ability to do work. The unit for work is Joules (J)

Kinetic Energy - The energy of motion.

Kinetic energy increases as mass increases.

Kinetic energy increases as speed increases.

​1. Motion Energy

energy stored in moving objects

Examples:

Wind Race car Soaring ball

Objects that possess motion energy can make things happen: a swinging bat can make a ball soar, a tornado can toss a house

Multiple Select

Which of the following exhibits motion energy?

2. Thermal Energy

Energy stored in temperature (how hot or cool something is)

A hot object is one whose atoms and molecules are excited and show rapid movement.

 A cooler object's molecules and atoms will show less movement.

We use Thermal Energy every day!

Open Ended

List 3 things in your house that has thermal energy!

​3. Electrical Energy

​a type of kinetic energy caused by moving electric charges.

​Examples:

• Batteries (direct current)

• Electrical appliances (toasters, vacuum cleaners, lamps, refrigerators, blenders, computers)

• Cellphones

Multiple Select

You are stranded on an island and can only bring one electronic, which would you rather have?

• Phone

• Laptop

• Ipad

• TV

• Video game console (Xbox, PS5, Switch or PC)

​Energy carried by light rays

Without light energy, there would be no life on Earth. Energy from the sun warms the earth keeping the temperature suitable for life.

Ways we use light energy:

• Plants use light energy from the sun for photosynthesis

• X-Rays

​Electromagnetic (Light) Energy

Open Ended

The _____ is the main source of all energy on Earth, and it gives us light energy.

​5. Sound energy - energy carried by sound waves

Ways we use sound energy

• sound energy vibrate the bones in our ear allowing us to hear

• sound energy allows us to use ultrasounds.

• Instruments produce sound energy

Open Ended

List an object nearby that has sound energy

Potential Energy

stored energy that depends upon the relative position of various parts of a system.

​6. Gravitational energy - energy in objects in a position to fall

​Examples:

1. Rollercoaster at the top of a hill

2. Water at the top of a waterfall

Multiple Select

Rollercoasters have gravitation energy when they are at the top of the hill and about to fall! Do you like rollercoasters?

• YES! I love them

• NO WAY! I hate them!

• I like some, but not others.

​7. Elastic Energy - energy stores in stretchy objects when they are stretched or springy objects when they are compressed.

Examples:

• Stretched rubber band

• compressed spring

Multiple Select

Which of the following demonstrates elastic energy?

8. Chemical energy - the energy of chemical substances that is released when they undergo a chemical reaction and transform into other substances.

​Examples:

• Food - energy in food allows us to function

• Batteries

• Dynamite

Open Ended

Give an example of chemical energy that you consumed today that allows you to do your work!

​9. Nuclear Energy

energy is stored in the nucleus of atoms.

This energy is released when the nuclei are combined (fusion) or split apart (fission).

EX: Nuclear power plants split the nuclei of uranium atoms to produce electricity.