Viruses review

EOC BLITZ

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​VIRUS REVIEW

Multiple Choice

Which is not one of the 6 characteristics of all living things?

• Needs oxygen 

• Grows and Develops

• Reproduces

• Made of Cells

Multiple Choice

T/F

VIRUSES CAN REPRODUCE ON THEIR OWN, WITHOUT A HOST CELL

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

What is a host?

• Organism that lives on the cell and causes it harm 

• Something that causes harm to the cell 

• Cell that the virus invades and takes over

Multiple Choice

Can a virus change the normal activity of a cell?

• No

• Maybe

• Yes

Cells and
Viruses

• Turn to a classmate

and create a list of
characteristics of
viruses and cells.

• What qualities did

you come up with?

© Hedgehog Learning

Multiple Choice

Is a virus considered living or non-living?

• Living

• Non-Living

• Neither

Comparison of Viruses and cells

Viruses

• Non-living
• No metabolism
• Has “head” with nucleic acids
• Depends on host cell of

reproduction

• Do not respond to antibiotics
• Can causes diseases like

Influenza and HIV

Cells (Bacteria)

• Living
• Metabolic processes
• Has nucleus with nucleic acids
• Reproduction through mitosis
• Bacteria can be killed with

antibiotics

• Can causes infections like

strep throat and meningitis

© Hedgehog Learning

Comparison of Viruses and Cells
Complete the chart below.

© Hedgehog Learning

Virus

Cell

Unique to Viruses

Common Qualities Unique to

Cells

Multiple Choice

WHICH SAMPLE MOST LIKELY CONTAINS VIRUSES?

• SAMPLE 1

• SAMPLE 2

• SAMPLE 3

• SAMPLE 4

Multiple Choice

Where do viruses reproduce?

• Outside of a cell

• Inside of a cell

• They do not reproduce

Multiple Choice

What do viruses need to reproduce?

• they need genetic material

• They need a host cell

• They need  bacteria

• They need insulin

​The lytic cycle: The phage infects a bacterium, hijacks the bacterium to make lots of phages, and then kills the cell by making it explode (lyse).

!

​​LYTIC CYCLE

​​Lytic VS Lysogenic

​​LYSOGENIC CYCLE

​The lysogenic cycle: The phage infects a bacterium and inserts its DNA into the bacterial chromosome, allowing the phage DNA (now called a prophage) to be copied and passed on along with the cell's own DNA.

Multiple Choice

What is the first step of the virus reproduction cycle?

• The viruses genetic material (DNA) starts to take over the functions of the cell

• The host cell bursts open, releasing the new viruses

• The virus injects its genetic material into the cell

• A virus attaches to the surface of a host cell

Multiple Choice

What is the last step in the viral reproduction cycle?

• A virus attaches to the surface of a host cell

• The proteins and genetic material start to assemble in the cell

• The host cell bursts open, releasing the new viruses

• The virus injects its genetic material into the cell

Multiple Choice

Why do scientists classify viruses as non-living?

• They DO respond to a stimulus

• They need a host's energy because they do not have their own energy 

• They produce wastes

• They are really small 

Multiple Choice

True or False
The flu is caused by a virus.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

Antibiotics kill viruses

• True

• False

The simplest virions consist of two basic components: nucleic acid (single- or double-stranded RNA or DNA) and a protein coat, the capsid, which functions as a shell to protect the viral genome from nucleases and which during infection attaches the virion to specific receptors exposed on the prospective host cell.

​​Viral Structure

Multiple Select

What are the main virus shapes? (choose four)

• Spiral

• Polyhedral

• Spherical

• Complex (bacteriophage)

• Helical

Multiple Choice

When a virus attaches to a host, what does it inject into the host?

• Protein coat

• DNA/genetic material

• Capsid

• Envelope

Multiple Choice

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an illness caused by a coronavirus. Symptoms include a high fever, headaches, and body aches typically occur two to seven days after infection by the virus. SARS is more serious in elderly patients. This information suggests that the reproductive cycle of the SARS virus is-

• lysogenic, because the virus is a coronavirus

• lytic, because the virus causes respiratory illness

• lysogenic, because the virus primarily affects older people

• lytic, because of the quick onset of symptoms after infection