Human Impact on Air & Water

Human Impact on Air

SC.7.E.6.6 Identify the impact that humans have had on Earth, such as deforestation, urbanization, desertification, erosion, air and water quality, and changing the flow of water.

Types of Air pollution

• Smog

• Acid Precipitation

• CFCs

• Carbon Monoxide

• Particulate Matter

Smog

• Air pollution that reduces visibility

• Photochemical smog is caused when nitrogen and carbon compounds in the air react in sunlight.

Acid Precipitation

• Rain or snow that has a lower pH than normal rainwater

• pH tells how acidic or basic a solution is

• If the pH of the water or the soil becomes too low, living organisms in the water and soil cannot survive

Multiple Choice

Acid precipitation is rain or snow that has a higher pH than rainwater. Acid precipitation differs from photochemical smog in that the burning of fossil fuels does not cause acid precipitation.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Particulate matter can enter the air due to natural sources such as volcanic eruptions; it can also enter the air as a result of human activities such as burning fossil fuels. Inhaling particulate matter can result in respiratory problems.

• True

• False

CFCs

• Chlorofluorocarbons destroy the earth's protective ozone layer, which shields the earth from harmful ultraviolet rays generated from the sun. 

• Also warm the lower atmosphere of the earth, changing global climate

• 
  

Carbon Monoxide

• The gas carbon monoxide is released by vehicles, industries, and forest fires

• 
  

Particulate matter

• mix of solid and liquid particles in the air

Multiple Choice

Are humans affecting the climate?

• Yes

• No

Global Warming

• Increase of the Earth's average temperature

• Burning Fossil Fuels causes an increase in carbon dioxide.

Effects of Global Warming

• Warmer temperatures cause ice to melt, making sea levels rise.

• Higher sea levels causes flooding along coastal areas

Open Ended

How can global warming impact the environment?

Multiple Choice

Global warming takes place when the amount of carbon dioxide in the air

• increases.

• decreases

• stays the same

The Greenhouse Effect

• the trapping of the sun's warmth in a planet's lower atmosphere

• Without the greenhouse effect the Earth's surface will be too cold

Multiple Choice

Which are ways to prevent or reduce air pollution?

• clearing forests and burning fossil fuels

• measuring air quality and treating asthma

• using renewable resources and public transportation

Multiple Choice

Which occurrence is NOT a possible effect of global warming?

• melting ice

• a rise in sea level

• a decrease in ozone

Multiple Choice

pollution that forms when compounds react in sunlight

• global warming

• greenhouse effect

• photochemical smog

Multiple Choice

rain or snow with a low pH

• acid precipitation

• global warming

• Air Quality Index

Human Impact on Water

Multiple Choice

Why is water important?

• Water is vital for life

• It has no impact

• Water tastes good

Where we get fresh water?

Aquifers - a body of rock or sediment that can carry a lot of water and allows water to flow

Groundwater- water found in the spaces between rock particles below Earth’s surface.

Permafrost- layer of water that is frozen in the soil in polar regions

Fresh surface waters- Includes rivers, streams, and lakes

Multiple Choice

What is the type of water that moves underground?

• surface water

• water table

• groundwater

• watershed

What are water quality and supply?

Water Quality - is a measure of how clean or polluted water is.

Potable water- Water that is suitable to drink

Water Supply - is the availability of water.

Multiple Choice

What is water quality?

• It describes the condition of the water

• It is the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth

• It is the property of containing salt

• It is the total amount of suspended solids.

What threatens our fresh water quality?

Water Pollution is when waste or other materials is added to water that is harmful to organism that use it or live in it.

Multiple Select

Water pollution occurs when:

(multiple select answers)

• Harmful substances enter a water supply

• Industries dispose of waste safely and correctly.

• Industries cut costs with waste disposal.

• None of the above.

Two main types of pollution

Point-source pollution comes from one source. The sources can be identified and control.

Nonpoint-source pollution comes from many different sources. The sources is difficult to identified and control.

Multiple Choice

Pollution that cannot be traced to a single point because comes from many sources

• estuary

• water shed

• non point source pollution

• point source pollution

Multiple Choice

Pollution traced to a single point

• water shed

• permeable

• point source pollution

• non-point source pollution

Types of human pollution

Thermal pollution is any heating of natural water that results from human activity. (cooling water from power plants that is return to lakes or rivers).

Chemical pollution is when harmful chemicals are add to water supplies. (comes from chemical or agriculture plants).

Biological pollution is when live or dead organisms are add to water supplies. (waste water is human and animal waste that enter into our water supply).

Eutrophication is when increase nutrients has been added to the water. (Fertilizer).

Who monitors and protects our water quality?

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is the agency who enforce laws that protect our environment and water quality.

How is water quality measured

Water quality is measured by using: Dissolved Solids, pH, Dissolved Oxygen, Turbidity, and Microbial load.

Water measurement

• Water pH indicates the balance between hydrogen ions, which are acidic, and hydroxide ions, which are basic.

• Turbidity is a measure of the clarity of the water

• The higher the turbidity, the murkier the water

• A toxic substance is any substance, material, or disease-causing agent that can cause problems to humans and animals

• Dissolved oxygen the amount of oxygen gas that is dissolved in water.

• Microbial load are harmful bacteria, viruses, or protists (human or animal waste) in water.

Multiple Choice

Which glass contains water with high turbidity?

• Glass 1

• Glass 2

Multiple Choice

What is pH?

• The property of containing salt

• The measure of the amount of oxygen that is dissolved in water

• The amount of suspended solids in water

• The measurement of the acidity or basicity of water

Multiple Choice

What is dissolved oxygen?

• The property of containing salt

• The amount of suspended solids

• The measure of the amount of oxygen that is dissolved

• Describes how acidic or basic water is

Positive Human Actions

National Initiatives

The United states passed laws to protect water quality

The Clean water Act (protect all water quality)

The safe drinking Water Act ( Ensure safe drinking water)

Multiple Choice

What law regulates water pollution, including sewage systems?

• Pollution Control Act

• The Clean Water Act

• Safe Drinking Water Act

How can we help?

• Reduce use of harmful chemicals

• Dispose of Waste Safely

• Conserve Water

Multiple Select

Why do we need to conserve water? (You may select more than one answer)

• To save on the water bill

• There is a lot of water

• It a limited sources

• To have enough clean water in the future