STAAR Review- MAKEUP

Multiple Choice

Process by which organisms with a certain set of favorable traits survive and reproduce other individuals with the same set of traits

• Homology

• Genetic Drift

• Natural Selection

• Phylogeny

Multiple Choice

Encloses the cell, it acts like a gatekeeper, allowing some materials to pass through it but not others.

• Chloroplasts

• Cell Wall

• Cell Membrane

• Cytoplasm

Multiple Choice

Organism that must get its energy from consuming other organisms

• Heterotroph

• Autotroph

• Producer

• Species

Multiple Choice

Which type of mutation is LEAST LIKELY to result in a frameshift mutation?

• Insertion

• Translocation

• Substitution

• Deletion

Multiple Choice

Which two components are MOST LIKELY found in both viruses and prokaryotic cells?

• Nucleic acids and carbohydrates

• Carbohydrates and lipids

• Lipids and proteins

• Proteins and nucleic acids

Multiple Choice

Which of these is MOST LIKELY an indication that cells may have become cancerous?

• Cells undergoing slower rates of mitosis

• Cells with few or no mutations

• Cells not responding to checkpoints in the cell cycle

• Cells with decreased rates of protein synthesis

Multiple Choice

Which statement BEST describe how enzymes affect the speed of a metabolic reaction?

• Enzymes increase the concentration of reactants, which increases the speed of the reaction.

• Enzymes decrease the energy needed to start a reaction, which increases the speed of the reaction.

• Enzymes replace the reactants in a chemical reaction which decreases the speed of the reaction.

• Enzymes prevent products from being converted back into reactants, which decreases the speed of the reaction.

Multiple Choice

There are different types of human blood cells. Depending on what type they are, some blood cells either carry nutrients throughout the body or destroy foreign substances in the body.

 

Which statement explains how genes control the differentiation of different types of blood cells?

• Different genes are expressed in the different types of blood cells.

• Some genes are deleted in one type of blood cell changing the type of cell it is.

• Specific genes in blood cells are expressed only in response to an external environmental change.

• Genes found in all blood cells can change the cell to perform any function needed.

Multiple Choice

What happens in the lysogenic cycle? 

• Virus goes in and leaves the host cell

• Virus quickly kills the host cell

• Virus inject the nucleic acid into the host cell, and the nucleic acid integrates into the host cell DNA, and stay dormant for a long time

• Bacteria injects DNA into a host cell

Multiple Choice

Which molecules are the building blocks of DNA?

• Proteins

• Fatty acids

• Nucleotides

• Chromosomes

Multiple Choice

A student sees a red wolf at the zoo and wants to research specific information about the animal.

 

Which levels of taxonomy are BEST to use when researching specific information about the red wolf?

• Kingdom and species

• Kingdom and genus

• Genus and species

• Species and family

Multiple Choice

What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?

• Phenylalanine

• Tyrosine

• Stop codon

• Leucine

Multiple Choice

What is the function of the cell membrane?

• fight bacteria and viruses that enter the cell.

• provide rigid support and protection to the cell.

• make sure each cell can move

• to regulate what enters and leaves the cell.

Multiple Choice

A population of birds follows swarms of army ants and eats insects as they move out of the way of the ants. The birds do not eat the army ants.

 

Which type of relationship between the birds and the army ants is BEST represented by this scenario?

• Mutualism

• Commensalism

• Parasitism

• Competition

Multiple Choice

Which phase is this in?

• Prophase

• Metaphase

• Anaphase

• Telophase

Multiple Choice

An image of a cell is shown.

 

• G₀ phase

• S phase

• G₂ phase

• M phase

Multiple Choice

What type of ecological succession begins with no soil, no life, only bare rock.

• primary succession

• secondary succesion

Multiple Choice

What type of treatment is used against bacteria?

• vaccine

• antibiotic

• vitamins

• cells

Multiple Choice

The process that decodes mRNA into amino acids to build a protein

• translation

• transcription

• mitosis

• replication

Multiple Choice

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

• M

• S

• G1

• Cytokinesis

Multiple Choice

A cell is classified as a prokaryote if it has

• a cell membrane

• no nucleus

• genetic material

• ribosomes

Multiple Choice

What trophic level has the most energy?

• producers

• primary consumers

• decomposers

• tertiary consumers

Multiple Choice

Which system sends hormones as feedback signals in the body?

• endocrine

• excretory

• immune

• nervous

Multiple Choice

The reactants of photosynthesis

• H20 and CO2

• H20 and O2

• O2 and Glucose

• Glucose and H20

Multiple Choice

The products of cellular respiration

• ATP, H20, CO2

• Water, ATP, Oxygen

• Glucose and Water

• Glucose and ATP

Multiple Choice

One side of a DNA sequence is read as GGATA. What is the complementary DNA sequence? How would you transcribe to mRNA?

• CCTAT; CCUAU

• GGATA, CCUTU

• ATAGGA; CCTAG

• CCTAT; CCTAT

Multiple Choice

Plant growth toward light

• phototropism

• gravitropsim

• thigmotropism

• photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?

• polar bonds

• ionic bonds

• covalent bonds

• hydrogen bonds

Multiple Choice

What is the mRNA for the following DNA strand?

TAC GTA

• GCT AGC

• ATG CAT

• AUG CAU

Fill in the Blanks

Multiple Choice

What type of mutation is this?

• Substitution/Point

• Frameshift

Multiple Choice

Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous?

• Bb

• BB

• bb

• B

Multiple Choice

What is the genotype that should be in the blank square?

• yyRr

• YYRR

• yyrr

• YrYr

Multiple Choice

What goes in box 3

• Aabb

• AABB

• AAbb

• aaBb

Multiple Choice

Guanine bonds with ______________.

• Adenine

• Guanine

• Cytosine

• Thymine

Multiple Choice

Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP ( energy production ) and cellular respiration in plants and animals.

• Nucleus

• Ribosomes

• Mitochondria

• Vacuoles

Multiple Choice

Why is DNA important?

• it is very small and very complicated

• it's in everything

• it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things

• because we eat it every day for energy

Multiple Choice

Viruses are microscopic infectious agents that can only replicate inside a host cell

• FALSE

• TRUE

Multiple Choice

Viruses are living organisms

• FALSE

• TRUE

Multiple Choice

A string of nucleotides that contain the information to make a specific protein

• Ribose

• Amino Acids

• tRNA

• Gene

Multiple Choice

During translation, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for delivering amino acids to help make a protein.

• mRNA

• rRNA

• tRNA

• dRNA

Multiple Choice

The process where mRNA is read and made into an amino acid chain.

• Transcription
• Translation
• Transportation
• Transient

Multiple Choice

Hormones are transported throughout the body.

• Circulatory and Excretory

• Circulatory and Endocrine

• Endocrine and Excretory

• Excretory and Respiratory

Multiple Choice

Nitrogen wastes are carried to the kidneys, converted into urine, and removed from the body.

• Integumentary and Circulatory

• Excretory and Digestive

• Circulatory and Excretory

• Nervous and Circulatory

Multiple Select

Which two systems serve the main function of regulating other body systems?

• Nervous and Digestive

• Digestive and Integumentary

• Nervous and Circulatory

• Nervous and Endocrine

Multiple Choice

Which of the following alleles is homozygous (purebred) recessive?

• Tt
• tt
• TT
• t

Multiple Choice

Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?

• A

• Aa

• AA

• aa

Multiple Choice

In a flowering plant species, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). What is the genotype of any red-flowering plant resulting from this species?

• rr

• R

• RR

• RR or Rr

Multiple Choice

When particles move from areas of high concentration to areas less concentrated, this has taken place.

• diffusion

• mitosis

• endocytosis

• photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

What does NOT happen during interphase?

• growth

• DNA replication 

• obtaining nutrients

• cell divison

Multiple Choice

Cells spend the majority of their lives in

• Interphase

• Mitosis

• Synthesis 

• Gap 2

Multiple Choice

DNA is replicated during ______ of the cell cycle.

• Gap 1

• Synthesis (S phase)

• Gap 2

• Gap 0

Multiple Choice

Identify the parts of the nucleotide shown:

• 1) Ribose Sugar      2) Phosphate  3)  Nitrogen Base

• 1) Deoxyribose Sugar 2) Phosphate 3) Nitrogen Base

• 1) Phosphate 2) Ribose Sugar 3) Nitrogen Base

• 1)  Phosphate 2) Deoxyribose Sugar 3)  Nitrogen Base

Multiple Choice

The reactants for photosynthesis are

• carbon dioxide and glucose.

• carbon dioxide and water.

• oxygen and carbon dioxide.

• oxygen and glucose.

Multiple Choice

What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?

• 6O₂ + C₆H₁₂O₆ -> 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Energy
• 6O₂ + C₆H₁₂O₆ + Energy -> 6CO₂ + 6H₂O
• 6CO₂ + 6H₂O -> 6O₂ + C₆H₁₂O₆ + Energy
• 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Energy -> 6O₂ + C₆H₁₂O₆

Multiple Choice

Where the better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring.

• Evolution

• Natural Selection

• Extinction

• Artifical Selection

Multiple Choice

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

• Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.

• Because they come from dominant alleles.

• Because they come from recessive alleles.

• Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.

Multiple Choice

What is formed during primary succession that doesn't need to be formed during secondary succession?

• pioneer species
• soil
• climax community
• lichens

Multiple Choice

What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?

• primary succession

• eutrophication

• secondary succession

• intermediate