PHOTOSYNTHESIS PERIOD ONE

​TODAY AGENDA

By Hakan Tasdemir

DO NOW
Write answer to the question on your guide note.
What is a thylakoid? (2MIN)

ENGAMENT(5MIN

​Explore and Explain

• Explore and Explain: Overview of Photosynthesis(10MIN)

• Photosynthesis Phase One: Chloroplasts, Light Reactions, and Pigments(10)

• Photosynthesis Phase One: Electron Transport(15)

• phase 2 Calvin Cycle

​Oklahoma Academic Standards

​

B.LS1.5 Use a model to illustrate how photosynthesis transforms light energy into stored chemical energy. B.LS2.3 Construct and revise an explanation based on evidence for the cycling of matter and flow of energy in aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

Learning Targets

​

Describe the process of photosynthesis, explaining the light reactions and the Calvin cycle and how energy is converted into chemical energy. Explain the role of chloroplasts, pigments, and key molecules like NADPH and ATP in photosynthesis, and understand how plants use these to synthesize carbohydrates like glucose.

​ENGAMENT(5MIN)

Launch the Lesson: Photosynthesis

​watch the video to learn more about photosynthesis. After the video,

Multiple Choice

WHICH ONE IS CHLOROPLAST?

​Explore and Explain

Overview of Photosynthesis(10MIN)

Photosynthesis Phase One: Chloroplasts, Light Reactions, and Pigments(10)

Photosynthesis Phase One: Electron Transport(15)

Overview of Photosynthesis(10MIN)

All autotrophs make organic compounds, such as Glucose, by the process of PHOTOSYNTHESIS.

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Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

CO2

H2O

Light energy

C6H12O6

O2

Multiple Select

In photosynthesis, which of the following are reactants? Select all chemical formulas that apply.

• H2O

• LIGHT ENERGY

• C6H12O6

• O2

• CO2

Multiple Select

In photosynthesis, which of the following are products? Select all that apply.

• energy

• O₂

• C₆H₁₂O₆

• H₂O

• CO₂

​Photosynthesis occurs in two phases: In the light-dependent phase, light energy is captured and converted into chemical energy. In the light-independent phase, molecules formed during the light-dependent phase are used to make glucose.

Open Ended

In which phase of photosynthesis is light energy captured and converted into chemical energy?

Photosynthesis Phase One: Chloroplasts, Light Reactions, and Pigments(10)

​Plants need three reactants to grow: water, Carbon Dioxide, and Light energy

​plant has CHLOROPLAST to caprure light energy

Multiple Choice

captures energy from the sun and converts it into energy which is used in the cell

• chloroplast

• DNA

• nuclear envelope

• donkey booty

Match

How plant get water, carbon dioxide, and light energy?

water

Carbon Dioxide

light energy

• water

• Carbon Dioxide

• light energy

• ​The absorption of light is the first step in photosynthesis.

• Once light energy is captured, two energy storage molecules, ATP and NADPH, are produced.

Photosynthesis Phase One: Chloroplasts, Light Reactions, and Pigments(10)

• ​Chloroplasts are organelles that capture light energy.

• They contain two main compartments: thylakoids, which are flattened, saclike membranes. Stacks of thylakoids are called grana (singular: granum).

• Stroma: fluid-filled space outside the grana

Fill in the Blank

• ___________, which are flattened, saclike membranes. Fill the blank?

Multiple Select

What are two energy storage molecules in photosynthesis?

• N04

• NADPH

• ADP

• ATP

​Chloroplasts
Photosynthesis occurs inside pigmented organelles called chloroplasts.

​Pigments: Light-absorbing colored molecules called pigments are found in the thylakoid membranes. Different pigments absorb specific wavelengths of light. Pigments are Chlorophyll a , Chlorophyll b, and carotenoids

Multiple Choice

What is fluorescence in chlorophyll?

• Absorption of light by chlorophyll molecules when they emit light energy

• Emission of light by chlorophyll molecules when they absorb light energy

• Emission of light by chlorophyll molecules when they do not absorb light energy

• Emission of heat by chlorophyll molecules when they absorb light energy

Multiple Choice

What is the absorption spectra of pigments?

• The absorption spectra of pigments is the range of wavelengths of light that a pigment can emit

• The absorption spectra of pigments is the range of wavelengths of light that a pigment cannot absorb

• The absorption spectra of pigments is the range of wavelengths of light that a pigment can reflect

• Range of wavelengths of light that a pigment can absorb

• ​Chloroplasts are organelles that capture light energy.

• They contain two main compartments: thylakoids, which are flattened, saclike membranes.

• Stacks of thylakoids are called grana (singular: granum).

• Stroma: fluid-filled space outside the grana

Multiple Choice

• Grana
• Thylakoid
• Stroma
• Jelly Filling

Multiple Choice

• Flapjack Stack
• Grana
• Thylakoid
• Stroma

Multiple Choice

Which color light would likely produce the least amount of bubbles in this setup?

• green
• blue
• white
• red

Multiple Choice

What colour of light is best absorbed by plants?

• Red and blue

• Green and Yellow

• Red and green

• Blue and green

• Only green

Multiple Choice

Where does the light independent reaction take place?

• Matrix
• Stroma
• Thylakoid membrane
• Cytoplasm

​Photosynthesis Phase One: Electron Transport(15)

• The thylakoid membrane has a large surface area, providing space for a large number of electron-transporting molecules and two types of protein complexes called photosystems.

• Photosystems contain the light-capturing pigments and proteins that play important roles in the light reactions.

​Electron Transport (continued)

1. Light energy excites electrons in photosystem II and causes a water molecule to split.

2. Next, the excited electrons move from photo-system II to an electron acceptor molecule.

3. Next, the electron-acceptor molecule transfers the electrons along a series of electron-carriers to photosystem I.

4. Photosystem I transfers the electrons to a protein called ferredoxin.

5. Finally, ferredoxin transfers the electrons to the electron carrier NADP+, forming the energy-storage molecule NADPH.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a product of the light reactions?

• Oxygen

• NADPH

• ATP

• Glucose (Sugar)

Multiple Choice

Where do the light reactions happen?

• mitochondria membrane
• thylakoid membrane
• stroma
• central vacuole

Multiple Choice

What is the main purpose of the light dependent reactions?

• To provide the energy for the calvin cycle
• To capture energy and make sugar
• To reflect green light
• To make sugars

Multiple Choice

What part of the plant cell performs photosynthesis?

• The Mitochondrion

• The Nucleus

• The Chloroplast

• The Cell Wall

Multiple Choice

What are the two products of the light reactions that are needed for the calvin cycle?

• NAD and NADPH
• NADP + and Glucose
• NADPH and ATP
• Oxygen and NADPH

Multiple Choice

What gas does the process of photosynthesis release into the atmosphere?

• oxygen
• carbon dioxide
• water
• nitrogen

Multiple Choice

Thylakoids are arranged in stacks called ____.

• Lamellae
• Stroma
• Granum
• Glucose

Multiple Choice

The principal chemical compound that living things use to store energy is

• DNA
• ATP
• H₂O
• CO₂

Multiple Choice

What supplies the electron that is lost in PS II?

• oxygen
• water
• glucose
• rubisco

Multiple Choice

Leaves look green because.....

• they eat their vegetables
• to blend into their environment
• they contain a molecule named chlorophyll
• they are sick

​Chemiosmosis Chemiosmosis is the mechanism by which ATP is produced as a result of the flow of electrons down a concentration gradient. The breakdown of water is essential to this process.

​Phase Two: The Calvin Cycle

​In the second phase of photosynthesis, called the Calvin cycle, energy is stored in organic molecules such as glucose.

Multiple Choice

The Calvin Cycle occurs in the

• Thylakoid

• Grana

• Inner membrane of chloroplast

• Stroma

Multiple Choice

In the Calvin Cycle, ________ and ________ from the light dependent reactions convert PGA into G3P

• O_2, ATP
• CO₂, H₂
• ADP, NADPH
• NADPH, ATP

• ​The first step of the Calvin cycle is called carbon fixation.

  CO2 molecules combine with 5-carbon molecules to form 3-

  phosphoglycerate (3-PGA).

• In the second step, chemical energy stored in ATP and NADPH is transferred to the 3-PGA to form glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P).

Multiple Choice

The CO₂ used in the Calvin Cycle originates from ___________.

• The light phase
• The breakdown of the remaining G3P's
• Diffusion through the stoma
• Lumen of the Thylakoid

Multiple Choice

The 5-Carbon molecules that the Calvin Cycle starts and ends with, is called _____________.

• PGA
• G3P
• RuBP
• RuDp

• ​In the third step, some G3P molecules leave the cycle to be used for the production of glucose and other organic compounds.

• In the fourth and final step, an enzyme called rubisco converts the remaining G3P molecules into 5-carbon molecules called ribulose 1,5-bisphospates (RuBP). These molecules combine with new CO2 and continue the cycle.

Multiple Choice

What is the main product of the Calvin Cycle?

• Stroma

• Thylakoids

• Glucose

• Water

Multiple Choice

Which of these would be considered a CAM pathway plant?

• cactus

• corn

• elm tree

• algae

Multiple Choice

Why do CAM plants open their stomata at night

• It just happens

• To take in oxygen

• To collect Carbon Dioxide

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

What does cam plants store

• H20

• CO2

• Sunlight

• Carbon Dioxide