Atoms, Tek 8.5B, and 8.5C

Atoms

Review

Poll

How comfortable are you with understanding what atoms are made of and how the atom is structured?

• VERY COMFORTABLE!!!

• Eh, pretty comfortable

• I get it a little...

• What are atoms?

What are atoms made of?

Atoms are made of Protons and Neutrons, located in the Nucleus, and Electrons around the outside of the nucleus.

Multiple Select

What particles are atoms made of? (Check ALL that apply:)

• Protons

• Neutrons

• Electrons

• Nucleus

Multiple Select

What particles are in the nucleus?

• Protons

• Neutrons

• Electrons

• Nucleus

Multiple Select

Which particle is outside the nucleus?

• Protons

• Neutrons

• Electrons

• Nucleus

Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons:

• Protons and neutrons have mass.

• Electrons don't have mass.

Multiple Select

Which two particles have mass?

• Protons

• Neutrons

• Electrons

• Nucleus

Particle Charges:

Protons are positively charged.

Neutrons are neutrally charged.

Electrons are negatively charged.

Multiple Choice

Protons are:

• Positive

• Neutral

• Negative

Multiple Choice

Neutrons are:

• Positive

• Neutral

• Negative

Multiple Choice

Electrons are:

• Positive

• Neutral

• Negative

WORK ON REVIEW UNTIL YOU GET TO VALNENCE ELECTRONS
4MIN

Valence Electrons

Electrons on the outter shell are called "valence electrons."

The first shell can hold 2 electrons.

The 2nd shell can hold 8 electrons.

The 3rd shell can hold 8 electrons.

Multiple Choice

How many valence electrons in this diagram:

• 1

• 3

• 5

• 7

Multiple Choice

How many valence electrons in this diagram:

• 1

• 3

• 5

• 7

Multiple Choice

How many valence electrons in this diagram:

• 1

• 3

• 5

• 7

Reactivity

• The noble gasses (group 18) are non-reactive.

• Group 1 and 17 are the most reactive.

• If the atom has 1 valence electron it is easily lost and reacts easily (group 1)

• If the atom has 7 valence electrons it wants to grab 1 more and reacts easily (group 17)

Multiple Choice

Which atom is the most reactive?

Multiple Choice

Which atom is the most reactive?

Multiple Choice

Which atom is the least reactive?

Periodic Table

• Groups & Periods

• Metals, Metalloids, Nonmetals

Groups

• Up and down

• Group numbers tell us the number of valence electrons (Group 17 = 7 valence electrons)

• Elements in the same group have similar reactivities

Reactive Groups

• Group 1: most reactive metals (1 valence electron)

• Group 17 (7A): most reactive nonmetals (7 valence electrons)

• Group 18 (8A): Nobel Gases--- least reactive, most stable, inert (8 valence electrons)

Periods

• Horizontal (side-to-side)

• Period number tells us the number of energy levels (rings) in an atom

Multiple Choice

Of the following atomic models, which represents the most reactive atom?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Which two elements have the same number of energy levels?

• S and Se

• Si and Sb

• Cu and Zn

• Ar and Kr

Metals

• Luster (shiny)

• Malleable (bends)

• Good conductor (moves heat & electricity)

Metalloids

• Luster (shiny)

• Brittle (breaks)

• Semi-conductor (kind of moves heat & electricity)

Nonmetals

• Dull (not shiny)

• Brittle (breaks)

• Insulators (does not move heat & electricity)

Multiple Choice

The periodic table is organized into groups and periods of elements. The characteristics of a certain group of elements are listed below. Which of these elements is in this group?

• Lithium

• Strontium

• Aluminum

• Silicon

Multiple Choice

Groups run:

• up and down

• left to right

Multiple Choice

Periods run:

• up and down

• left to right

Multiple Choice

Which two elements share common characteristics based on the periodic table?

• Sodium and Magnesium

• Chlorine and Sulfur

• Argon and Neon

• Calcium and Bromine

Multiple Choice

How are the 3 elements in the picture organized on the periodic table?

• Niobium and cobalt have the same energy levels.

• Cobalt and scandium have the same energy levels.

• Cobalt and scandium have the same characteristics.

• Niobium and cobalt have the same characteristics.

Multiple Choice

Metals are on the:

• Left side

• Right Side

• Stairstep

Multiple Choice

Nonmetals are on the:

• Left side

• Right Side

• Stairstep

Multiple Choice

The vertical (up and down) columns in the Periodic Table are called

• groups

• towers

• periods

• atomic numbers

Multiple Choice

How many valence electrons are found in atoms of group 1?

• 7

• 6

• 4

• 1

Multiple Choice

USE THE PERIODIC TABLE

How many valence electrons does Phosphorus have?

• 31

• 5

• 15

• 4

Multiple Choice

How many valence electrons does carbon have?

• 4

• 5

• 6

• 7

REMEMBER

​VALENCE ELECTRONS - Determine REACTIVITY for elements

PROTONS- Determine the IDENTITY of ELEMENT

Match

Match the following

• Protons

• Valence Electrons

• Neutrons

Determine Identity of element

Determine reactivity of element

NO CHARGE,

M-A=N

• Determine Identity of element

• Determine reactivity of element

• NO CHARGE,
  
  M-A=N