domains and kingdoms

​Classification of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Objectives: Name the 3 Domains and Describe them

Name the Four Kingdoms of Domain Eukarya and describe them

​Three Domains that you need to KNOW

​The Archaea possess the following characteristics:

Archaea are prokaryotic cells.

The cell walls of Archaea contain no peptidoglycan.

Archaea often live in extreme environments and include methanogens, extreme halophiles, and hyperthermophiles. 

Multiple Choice

Can Archaean species do photosynthesis?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Many archaea live in extreme environments

• True

• False

​The Bacteria (eubacteria)

Bacteria are prokaryotic cell

The cell walls of Bacteria, unlike the Archaea and the Eukarya, contain peptidoglycan.

Bacteria (also known as eubacteria or "true bacteria") are prokaryotic cells that are common in human daily life, encounter many more times than the archaebacteria.

Multiple Choice

Bacteria are single celled

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Bacteria have been on the planet for 3.5 billion years

• True

• False

​The Eukarya (eukaryotes)

Eukarya have eukaryotic cells.

Not all Eukarya possess cells with a cell wall, but for those Eukarya having a cell wall, that wall contains no peptidoglycan

Eukarya contain rRNA that is unique to the Eukarya as indicated by the presence molecular regions distinctly different from the rRNA of Archaea and Bacteria.

 

Multiple Choice

All Eukaryotes have cell walls

• True

• False

​The FOUR Kingdoms of Eukarya

The Eukarya are subdivided into the following four kingdoms:

1.    Protista Kingdom: Protista are simple, predominately unicellular eukaryotic organisms. Examples includes slime molds, euglenoids, algae, and protozoans.

2.    Fungi Kingdom: Fungi are unicellular or multicellular organisms with eukaryotic cell types. The cells have cell walls but are not organized into tissues. They do not carry out photosynthesis and obtain nutrients through absorption. Examples include sac fungi, club fungi, yeasts, and molds.

​3.    Plantae Kingdom: Plants are multicellular organisms composed of eukaryotic cells. The cells are organized into tissues and have cell walls. They obtain nutrients by photosynthesis and absorption. Examples include mosses, ferns, conifers, and flowering plants.

4.    Animalia Kingdom: Animals are multicellular organisms composed of eukaryotic cells. The cells are organized into tissues and lack cell walls. They do not carry out photosynthesis and obtain nutrients primarily by ingestion. Examples include sponges, worms, insects, and vertebrates.