(G9 - U1) Grammar - Present Simple

Past Simple (Quá khứ đơn)

Thì quá khứ đơn

Quy tắc thêm đuôi -ed

Quy tắc phát âm đuôi -ed

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was an Austrian musician and composer. He lived from 1756 to 1791. He started composing at the age of five and wrote more than 600 pieces of music. He was only 35 years old when he died.

Lived/started/wrote/was/died đều là động từ của thì quá khứ đơn (past simple).

Nghiên cứu ví dụ này

Động từ (có quy tắc) của thì QKĐ thường kết thúc -ed :

• I work in a travel agency now. Before that I worked in a department store.

• We invited them to our party, but they decided not to come.

• The police stopped me on my way home last night.

• Laura passed her exam because she studied very hard.

• đuôi -y sẽ đổi thành -ied nếu động từ đó kết thúc bằng nguyên âm +y (-by/-ry/-sy/-vy, etc.)

hurry/hurried study/studied apply/applied

• đuôi -y sẽ không đổi nếu động từ đó kết thúc bằng một phụ âm +y

(-ay/-ey/-oy/-uy):

play/played enjoy/enjoyed

động từ kết thúc bằng -y

Cách thêm đuôi -ed

• Nếu một động từ kết thúc bằng đuôi -e, ta chỉ cần thêm -d vào sau (trong trường hợp có quy tắc):

hope/hoped smile/smiled dance/danced

confuse/confused

động từ kết thúc bằng đuôi -e

Nếu một động từ kết thúc bằng một nguyên âm + một phụ âm thì ta sẽ gấp đôi phụ âm cuối trước khi thêm đuôi -ed.

stop → stopped rub → rubbed

plan → planned

trường hợp nhân đôi phụ âm (1)

Nếu động từ có từ 2 âm tiết trở lên và có trọng âm nhấn vào ôm thứ 2 (prefer, begin, etc.), ta sẽ gấp đôi phụ âm cuối trước khi thêm -ed:
preFER →  preferred reGRET → regretted

perMIT → permitted

trường hợp nhân đôi phụ âm (2)

Nhưng mà cũng có một số động từ bất quy tắc nha.

• Mozart wrote more than 600 pieces of music.

• We saw Tanya in town a few days ago.

• I went to the cinema three times last week.

• It was cold, so I shut the window.

write → wrote

see → saw

go → went

shut → shut

trong Phủ định và Nghi vấn thì

• A: Did you go out last night?

  B: Yes, I went to the cinema, but I didn't enjoy the film much.

• 'When did Mr. Thomas die?' 'About ten years ago.'

• What did you do at the weekend? (What did you at the weekend?)

• They didn't invite us to the party, so we didn't go.

ta dùng did/didn't + V-inf (enjoy/see/go):

Quá khứ của 'be' (am/is/are)

• I was angry because they were late.

• Was the weather good when you were on holiday?

• They weren't able to come because they were so busy.

• Did you go out last night or were you too tired?

là 'was/were':

Fill in the Blanks

I knew Sarah was busy, so I

her. (disturb)

Fill in the Blanks

We were very tired, so we

the party early. (leave)

Fill in the Blanks

The bed was very uncomfortable. I

well. (sleep)

Fill in the Blanks

The hotel wasn't very expensive. It

much to stay there. (cost)

Fill in the Blanks

I was in a hurry, so I

time to phone you. (have)

Fill in the Blanks

lt was hard carrying the bags. They

very heavy. (be)

Fill in the Blanks

The window was open and a bird

into the room. (fly)

Lưu ý rằng ta sẽ chỉ chú ý vào âm tiết chứ không phải chữ cái đứng cuối.

Ví dụ, fax kết thúc bằng chữ x, nhưng có âm cuối là /s/

like kết thúc bằng chữ e, nhưng lại có âm cuối /k/

Multiple Choice

Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.

• cooked

• watched

• stopped

• started

Multiple Choice

Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.

• cried

• talked

• typed

• laughed

Draw

What did you eat last night?