Electrodynamics

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Electrodinámica: parte 1

Bloque 3 / Semana 14

✔ Conocer y demostrar la ley de Ohm y la relación con la resistencia eléctrica.

✔ Revisión analítica y conceptual de la ley de Joule y su relación con el campo eléctrico.

✔ Resolución de problemas.

Objetivo

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Electrodinámica

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★

Subtemas

★

Potencial eléctrico.

★

Energía potencial.

★

Corriente eléctrica.

★

Resistencia.

★

Ley de Ohm.

Electrodynamics

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Warmup: Electric Potential

​In your notebook, list 6 things you consider using the term voltage.

Electrodynamics

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Applications

●Batteries

●Generators

●Transformers

Image: Picture of a real-life application of electric
potential such as a power plant.

Note: The images can be simple illustrations or real-life
photos that help visually represent the concept being
discussed on that slide.

Multiple Select

Which is true?

• Electric potential is a vector quantity

• Electric field lines sometimes point in a direction of increasing potential and sometimes point in the direction of decreasing potential

• The electron volt (eV) is a unit of force

• Only differences in electric potential are meaningful - in principle, one can define the electric potential to be zero anywhere but usually pick a convenient point, often infinity

Electrodynamics

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Introduction

Definition of Electric Potential: The electric potential at a point in an electric field is defined as the amount of work done per unit charge to move the charge from infinity to that point.

Unit: Volt (V)

Electrodynamics

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Potential Energy

U = (K . Q . q ) / r

Electric Potential

V = (K . Q) / r

V = U / q

V = E . r

Electrodynamics

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Electric Field

The intensity of electric
field decrease as the
distance of electric
charge Q by distance r

1. Activity Enter the QR code and to open the electric potential simulation find the electric potential at different distances 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm 100 cm

2. Make a drawing of the situation.

3. Record each of the values.

4. Describe in a paragraph from your notebook what you observe and what you would use this knowledge for

Multiple Choice

SI unit of measuring electric potential?

• Coulomb (C)

• Ampere (A)

• Volt (V)

• Newton (N)

Multiple Choice

Are the batteries a technological product that arises from the knowledge of the electrical potential concept?

• True

• False

Multiple Select

Choose the expressions to calculate the potential of a point charge.

• $$V\ =\frac{U}{q}$$

• $$V\ =\ \frac{k\cdot Q}{r}$$

• $$V\ =\ \frac{k\cdot Q}{r^2}$$

• $$V\ =q\cdot E$$

Electrodynamics

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To finish,......

Electrodynamics

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Electric Potential

Electrodynamics

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Electric Potential

1.

Una carga de 5 μC se coloca en un determinado punto de un campo eléctrico y adquiere
una energía potencial de 8 × 10-5 J. ¿Cuál es el potencial eléctrico en ese punto?

2.

Calcular:
a) El potencial eléctrico en un punto A que se encuentra a 20 cm de una carga Q de -5
μC.
b) La energía potencial eléctrica si en el punto A se coloca una carga q de 8 μC.

Electrodynamics

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Electric Potential Difference

Definition:The electric potential difference between two
points in an electric field is defined as the work done per
unit charge to move the charge from one point to
another.

Formula: VB - VA = W/q

Unit: Volt (V)

Image: Picture of a battery or a voltage source

Electrodynamics

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Electric Potential Difference

Definition:The electric potential difference between two
points in an electric field is defined as the work done per
unit charge to move the charge from one point to
another.

Formula: VB - VA = W/q

Unit: Volt (V)

Image: Picture of a battery or a voltage source

Electrodynamics

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Electric Potential Energy

Definition:Electric potential energy of a charge q at a
point with potential V is defined as the work done to
move the charge from infinity to that point.

Formula: U = qV

Unit: Joule (J)

Image: Picture of a charged particle in an electric
field

Electrodynamics

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Electric current

Definition of Electric Current: The flow of electric
charge in a conductor is known as electric current.

Formula:I = ΔQ/Δt

Unit:Ampere (A)

Image: Picture of electric current flowing through a
wire

Electrodynamics

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Electric Current and Voltage

Definition: The relationship between electric current
and voltage is described by Ohm's Law: V = IR,

where V is the voltage, I is the current, and R is the
resistance of the conductor.

Image: Picture of a circuit with a battery, a wire, and
a resistor

Electrodynamics

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Types of Electric Current

Direct Current (DC): flow of electric charge in a
single, constant direction.

Alternating Current (AC): flow of electric charge
that periodically reverses direction.

Image: Picture showing the difference between DC
and AC

Electrodynamics

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Applications

Electromagnetic Devices: electric motors,
generators, transformers

Electronic Devices: computers, cell phones,
televisions

Image: Picture of a real-life application of electric
current such as a power plant

Note: The images can be simple illustrations or
real-life photos that help visually represent the
concept being discussed on that slide.

Electrodynamics

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Examples

Determine the intensity of the electric current in
a conductor when 75 coulombs flow through a

section of it in 0.5 h. Give the result in am-
peres and in milliamps.

Electrodynamics

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Resistance Electric

Definition of Electric Resistance: The opposition
offered by a material to the flow of electric current is
known as electric resistance.

Formula:R = V/I

Unit:Ohm (Ω)

Image: Picture of a resistor symbol.

Electrodynamics

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Factors affecting Electric Resistance

Material of the conductor: resistivity, temperature

Length of the conductor: longer conductors have
higher resistance

Cross-sectional area of the conductor: wider
conductors have lower resistance

Image: Picture showing the relationship between
resistivity, length, and cross-sectional area of a
conductor

Electrodynamics

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Ohm's Law

Definition: Ohm's Law states that the current
through a conductor between two points is directly
proportional to the voltage across the two points, and
inversely proportional to the resistance between
them.

Formula:V = IR

Image: Picture of a circuit with a battery, a wire, and
a resistor

Electrodynamics

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Applications

Electrical Devices: resistors, potentiometers,
rheostats

Circuit Analysis: determining current, voltage, and
power in a circuit

Image: Picture of a real-life application of electric
resistance such as a circuit board

Note: The images can be simple illustrations or
real-life photos that help visually represent the
concept being discussed on that slide.

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Actualización: 20 de julio de 2022