Physical Geography Summer Packet Material

What is Geography?

Landforms

4th Grade

Earth/Sun System: Seasons

MS.ESS.1.1: Students can identify the impact of the Earth and Sun relationship.

Atmosphere

Layer of the Atmosphere Activity

Weather vs. Climate

Theory of Plate Tectonics

Continents and Oceans

Cities, States

Countries, Continents

Mr Sutton

Asia:

Geography

Open Ended

Predict: What is geography?

​

​With a landmass of 17.21 MILLION miles, Asia is bigger than all other continents!

Asia is the largest continent!

​Continent

​ A continent is a large continuous mass of land. There are 7 Continents in the world. The 7 continents are Africa, Asia, Australia (Oceania), Europe, North America, South America, and Antarctica

Multiple Choice

How many miles large is Asia?

• 12.45 million

• 17.21 million

• 9.52 million

• 15.97 million

There are 48 different countries found in Asia!

.

Can you name any?

​

​Asian Countries!

Countries

A country is a nation with its own government, occupying a particular territory within a continent

Multiple Select

Which countries are in Asia?

• China

• Japan

• France

• India

• Russia

Multiple Choice

Which continent is labeled in purple (#2)?

• Asia

• North America

• South America

• Australia

Asia has the highest population out of all the continents.

​.

As of 2018, there are 4.6 billion people living in Asia!

​Population

State

​A state is an organized political community within a country

Multiple Choice

Which continent has the highest population?

• South America

• Australia

• Europe

• Asia

​Mount Everest is the highest point on Earth at 29,032 miles above sea level. It is located in the Himalayan Mountains in Nepal.

​​Highest: Mount Everest

​The Dead Sea is the lowest point on land at 420 meters (1385 feet) below sea level. It is located on the border between Israel and Jordan.

​​Lowest: Dead Sea

​Asia has the highest and lowest points on Earth!

City

A defined area within a state or country with people living closely together

The pacific ocean is the body of water to the east of Asia. This is the largest ocean on the planet!

​

​Pacific Ocean

The lithosphere is broken into Tectonic Plates

• The lithosphere is made from the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle

• The lithosphere is rigid, brittle rock

• These plates float on the asthenosphere

Multiple Choice

The Pacific Ocean is to the ____ of Asia.

• North

• South

• East

• West

Multiple Choice

Europe

• Continent

• City

• State

• Country

Giant Pandas live in forests in Southwest China and are herbivores. They love bamboo!

​​Giant Panda

​Bengal Tigers live in India and are carnivores!

​​Bengal Tiger

​Asian Elephants live in Southeast Asia and are herbivores!

​Asian Elephant

​Red Pandas live in the Eastern Himalaya Mountains and are herbivores. They also love bamboo!

​​Red Panda

Multiple Choice

How many continents are there in the world?

• 5

• 7

• 9

• 6

Multiple Choice

What food do Giant and Red Pandas like to eat?

• Fruit

• Bamboo

• Meat

• Lettuce

Multiple Choice

Chicago

• Continent

• Country

• State

• City

There are over 20 different languages spoken across Asia! The 3 most common languages in Asia are:

1. Mandarin (China)

2. Hindi (India)

3. Indonesian (Indonesia)

What do they speak?

Multiple Choice

Which continent is labeled in blue (#4)?

• Europe

• North America

• Australia

• Africa

Multiple Select

Select all languages that are spoken in Asia.

• Mandarin

• Spanish

• Indonesian

• Hindi

Multiple Choice

Africa

• Continent

• Country

• State

• City

Open Ended

What is one fact you learned during this presentation?

Multiple Choice

Antarctica

• Continent

• Country

• City

• State

Multiple Choice

Germany

• Continent

• Country

• State

• City

Multiple Choice

Are countries the same thing as continents?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Oregon

• Continent

• Country

• State

• City

Multiple Choice

Which continent is labeled in green (#3)?

• Africa

• Europe

• North America

• South America

Multiple Choice

Canada

• Continent

• Country

• State

• City

Multiple Choice

China

• Continent

• Country

• State

• City

Multiple Choice

Michigan

• Continent

• Country

• State

• City

Multiple Choice

Paris

• Continent

• Country

• State

• City

Multiple Choice

Which continent is labeled in orange (#5)?

• North America

• South America

• Europe

• Africa

Multiple Choice

London

• Continent

• Country

• State

• City

Multiple Choice

Florida

• Continent

• Country

• State

• City

Multiple Choice

Which continent is the largest?

• Africa

• Asia

• North America

Multiple Choice

Which continent is labeled in light blue (#1)?

• Africa

• Europe

• Antarctica

• Arctica

Pangea

• The super continent that Alfred Wegener described in his theory of Continental Drift

Multiple Choice

Which continent is labeled yellow (#7)?

• Europe

• Asia

• Africa

• North America

Write in science journal.

Multiple Choice

Which continent has no countries and no population?

• North America

• Antarctica

• South America

• Europe

Multiple Choice

Which continent is labeled in brown (#6)

• North America

• Australia

• South America

• Europe

How do the plates ACTUALLY MOVE?

• Convection currents in the asthenosphere drive the movement of lithospheric plates

Multiple Choice

The only continent that is a country is...

• Australia

• Asia

• Africa

• Europe

Poll

Which Season is your favorite?

• Winter

• Spring

• Summer

• Fall

Multiple Choice

Ocean labeled #11

• Atlantic Ocean

• Pacific Ocean

• Indian Ocean

• Arctic Ocean

Multiple Choice

Ocean labeled #9

• Southern Ocean

• Arctic Ocean

• Atlantic Ocean

• Pacific Ocean

Multiple Choice

Ocean labeled #10

• Pacific Ocean

• Atlantic Ocean

• Southern Ocean

• Indian Ocean

How does a convection cell occur?

• Hot magma in the asthenosphere begins to rise, similar to the way hot air rises.

• As it rises to the top of the asthenosphere, it cools and becomes more dense.

• This cooler, dense magma then sinks again. As it sinks, it gets warmer, until the process begins again

• This movement of magma is what drives the plates to move.

Multiple Choice

Ocean labeled #12

• Southern Ocean

• Northern Ocean

• Atlantic Ocean

• Pacific Ocean

Multiple Choice

Ocean labeled #8

• Pacific Ocean

• Arctic Ocean

• Antarctic Ocean

• Indian Ocean

Multiple Choice

Tectonic plates consist of

• continental crust

• mesospheric crust

• both continental and oceanic crust

• oceanic crust

​Compass Rose

​A compass rose is a figure on a compass, map, or nautical chart used to display the orientation of the directions North, East, South and West.

Multiple Choice

Which ocean lies East of North America and West of Africa?

• Atlantic

• Pacific

• Indian

• Southern

Multiple Choice

The idea that the continents were once part of a single landmass that broke apart and

moved is

• Continental Drift

• Tectonic Plates

• Transform

Multiple Choice

Which ocean lies North of Europe and Asia?

• Atlantic

• Pacific

• Arctic

• Southern

Watch the video on the next slide.

Take notes on your worksheet

Multiple Choice

Which ocean lies East of Asia and West of North America?

• Atlantic

• Pacific

• Arctic

• Southern

Multiple Choice

The region where two lithospheric plates meet

• Continental Drift

• Plate tectonics

• Plate Boundaries

Multiple Choice

Which ocean lies South of Africa and North of Antarctica?

• Atlantic

• Pacific

• Arctic

• Southern

Write definition in science journal.

Multiple Choice

Which ocean lies South of Asia, East of Africa and West of Australia?

• Indian

• Pacific

• Arctic

• Southern

Multiple Choice

The scientist who developed the big idea called "sea-floor spreading"

• Alfred Wedgener

• Harry Hess

• Edward Dutton

• Ortelius

We live in the Troposphere, here at the bottom of the diagram.

Multiple Choice

Pangaea was an ancient supercontinent made up of...

• America, Greenland, and Europe

• Antarctica, India, and America

• all of Earth’s continents

• South Africa, India, Australia, and South America

Multiple Choice

Why did no one believe Wegener's thoery that the continents were once together?

• He could not explain HOW the continents moved

• He didn't have evidence

• His data was wrong

• He didn't use the right technology to gather data

Direct vs. Indirect Light

• The way light travel and how it hits the surface of our planet impacts the seasons.

• LIght travels in straight lines and it is more radiant and its effects stronger when the line hits a surface in a straight angle.

• Also, the effects of the radiation from the sunlight diminish when it hits the surface in an angle.  

Multiple Choice

The movement of the tectonic plates is caused by

• the rotation of the Earth

• convection currents in the Asthenosphere

• the gravity of the iron-nickel core

• the Moho discontinuity

Multiple Choice

• F

• G

• H

• J

Multiple Choice

Which layer of the Earth consists of tectonic plates?

• asthenosphere

• mantle

• mesosphere

• lithosphere

Multiple Choice

Which layer of the atmosphere do we live in? (click to enlarge picture)

• Thermosphere

• Mesosphere

• Stratosphere

• Troposphere

Multiple Choice

Tectonic plates “float” on

• the lithosphere

• the mantle

• the ocean

• the asthenosphere

Multiple Choice

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

The fact that similar fossils are found on both sides of the ocean is evidence of

• magnetic reversal

• global positioning

• continental drift

• oceanic drift

What is Geography

Geography is the study of the the earth, the parts of the earth, and the people that are found in the earth. There are two types of geography that we study.

Multiple Choice

• F

• G

• H

• J

Multiple Choice

Which layer of the atmosphere contains clouds and weather? (click to enlarge picture)

• Therosphere

• Mesosphere

• Stratosphere

• Troposphere

Multiple Choice

• A

• B

• C

• D

79% of the air in the atmosphere is NITROGEN, is it is most abundant.

Multiple Choice

Which gas is most abundant in the atmosphere? (click to enlarge picture)

• oxygen

• nitrogen

• water vapor

• argon

Multiple Choice

What is the elliptical line circling the Sun represent?

• Rotation

• Revolution

• Orbit of the Earth

• Orbit of the Sun

0.40 is the largest number (0.40 is like fourty cents compared to 0.08 which would be eight cents.), so the TROPOSPHERE has the most water vapor.

Physical Geography

Physical geography is the study of the earth, the parts of the earth, and how they interact with each other.

For example:

Landforms-mountains, valleys, hills, oceans

Weather-thunderstorms, hurricanes, droughts

Climates

Multiple Choice

Which layer of the atmosphere has the most water vapor?

• Thermosphere

• Mesosphere

• Stratosphere

• Troposphere

Seasons: How does the Earth-Sun System affect seasons?

• The distance between Earth and the sun stays relatively constant throughout the Earth’s orbit. 

• Solar energy travels in a straight line from the sun and hits different parts of the curved Earth at different angles — more directly at the equator and less directly at the poles. 

• The Earth’s rotation axis is tilted with respect to its orbital plane around the sun. Earth maintains the same relative orientation in space, with its North Pole pointed toward the North Star throughout its orbit.

0.002 is the smallest number, so the Thermosphere has the lowest air pressure.

Multiple Choice

Name this landform

• volcano
• hill
• river
• island

Multiple Choice

Which layer has the lowest air pressure?

• Thermosphere

• Mesosphere

• Stratosphere

• Troposphere

Multiple Choice

Refer to the diagram. Why are our (Norther Hemisphere) summer months the warmest?

• Closer to the Sun

• Further from the Sun

• Tilted toward the Sun

• Tilted away from the sun

Layers of the Atmosphere are divided by temperature.

Open Ended

What else (outside of my examples) would be considered physical geography?

Multiple Choice

What property is used to divide the layers of the atmosphere? (click to enlarge picture)

• Air pressure

• Temperature

• Type of gas

Multiple Choice

What happens to the temperature at the "pause" between layers?

• it increases

• it decreases

• it stays the same

Multiple Choice

Name this body of water

• peninsula
• ocean
• hill
• volcano

The temperature decreases as you go up in the Troposphere.

Multiple Choice

1. What angle is Earth’s axis tilted at?

• 20 degrees

• 21.5 degrees

• 23 degrees

• 23.5 degrees

Multiple Choice

How does temperature in the Troposphere change as the altitude increases? (click to enlarge picture)

• temperature increases

• temperature decreases

• temperature stays the same

Human Geography

Human geography is how human activity affects or is influenced by the earth.

Examples:

Weather affects what we use/wear

Raining we use umbrella

Snow means a heavy jacket and boots

Climate dictates how our houses are designed

Europeans don't use air conditioners

The percentage of Nitrogen, Oxyen, and Argon remain the same in EVERY layer of the atmosphere. Even though the total amount of air decreases as you travel up and away from the earth, the amount of each kind of gas in the air stays the same.

How does the tilt of the Earth impact our seasons?

• Because the Earth’s axis is tilted, the most direct and intense solar energy occurs over the summer months, and the least direct and intense solar energy occurs over the winter months. 

• The change in season at a given place on Earth is directly related to the orientation of the tilted Earth and the position of Earth in its orbit around the sun because of the change in the directness and intensity of the solar energy at that place over the course of the year. 

Multiple Choice

What remains the same in each layer?

• temperature

• air pressure

• percentage of gases

Multiple Choice

• A. Hills
• B. River
• C. Desert
• D. Mountains

Multiple Choice

According to the diagram, when does fall officially begin?

• June 22

• Sept. 23

• Dec. 22

• March 21

Open Ended

What else (outside of my examples) would be considered human geography?

Multiple Choice

Refer to the diagram: When is the Earth the furthest from the Sun and what is the distance?

• January, 147 million km

• July, 152 million km

Multiple Choice

• A. Desert
• B. Lake
• C. Plains
• D. River

Seasons Overview: Note taking

• Get your Science NB out! Date and topic on the page.

• Take notes during the following video.

• 3 to 5 facts, 2-4 big ideas, and at least 2 questions.

Try your knowledge

Open Ended

3-2-1 Response: 3 facts, 2 big ideas, 1 question

Multiple Choice

Land formation that is flat on top with steep walls. Usually in a dry area

• Hill

• Plateau

• Basin

Multiple Choice

A town builds a levee (a dam) on a river to help prevent a flood.

• Human Geography

• Physical Geography

Multiple Choice

What land form is this?

• island
• valley
• plain
• mountain

Multiple Choice

The lava that erupted from the volcano created a new landmass.

• Human Geography

• Physical Geography

Multiple Choice

What land form is this?

• valley
• canyon
• plain
• mountain

Multiple Choice

What land form is this?

• plain
• valley
• mountain
• canyon

Multiple Choice

What land form is this?

• valley
• plain
• volcano
• canyon

Multiple Choice

What land form is this?

• valley
• canyon
• mountain
• plain

Great Job!

Make sure to turn in your notes

The End