WHI Ancient China 2.03 and 2.04

Ancient and Early China

2.03 and 2.04

Poll

What's your favorite season?

(no right answer)

• Winter

• Spring

• Summer

• Fall

Lesson: WH1 Module 2 Lesson 3

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Lesson: WH1 Module 2 Lesson 3

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​Agenda

Module 2 Lesson 3 and 4

Lesson: WH1 Module 2 Lesson 3

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​Objectives

​WHI.3    The student will apply social science skills to understand the ancient river valley civilizations, including those of Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus River Valley, and China and the civilizations of the Hebrews and Phoenicians, by

WHI.3b: describing the development of social, political, and economic patterns, including slavery;

WHI.4    The student will apply social science skills to understand the civilizations of Persia, India, and China in terms of chronology, geography, social structures, government, economy, religion, and contributions to later civilizations by

WHI.4e: locating China in time and place, including the development of an empire and the construction of the Great Wall; 

Lesson: WH1 Module 2 Lesson 3

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Draw

Circle the Yellow River, the Yangtze River, and Anyang.

Draw

Circle 2 physical features on this map that would have limited the expansion.

Open Ended

Why would you continue to live along the River of Sorrows?

Lesson: WH1 Module 2 Lesson 3

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The Zhou, joined by some of the Shang leaders, overthrew Shang rule in 1122 BCE,

They set up a tributary state.

Zhou armies crushed a resurgence led by some of the remaining Shang leaders in 1046 BCE,  and established full control over Shang possessions.

​

​Zhou Dynasty

• ​Historians consider the Zhou dynasty a high point in the use of bronze for daily items and weapons during the Bronze Age.  

• The vast majority of people, as under the Shang, were farmers, and with the introduction of iron tools in the 600s BCE, agriculture became more productive and the population expanded.  

• Further, the Zhou established “feudalism”, a political and economic system in which lords governed lands but pledged military support and loyalty to their king or emperor.  

• As feudal lords grew richer and more powerful they began to fight each other, and Zhou kings could no longer control them.  

• This led to the end of the empire in 256 BCE.

Lesson: WH1 Module 2 Lesson 3

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Lesson: WH1 Module 2 Lesson 3

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Open Ended

Is there another civilization that you can think of that you could relate the Mandate of Heaven to?

Lesson: WH1 Module 2 Lesson 3

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​Confucianism

​Confucius, developed a “philosophy”, or system of ideas, that helped define social roles and principles of good government.  

Confucius claimed that social roles and government could be made more efficient by perfecting five relationships--called five “bonds”--between people.  

These included the relationships between ruler to ruled, father to son, husband to wife, elder brother to younger brother, and friend to friend.  

The most important duty of all people, according to Confucius, was “filial piety”, or extreme respect for and submission to one’s parents and grandparents.

 Confucius’s ideas were less a religion and more a behavior system that would guarantee more happiness and stability in society.  

The second thinker, Laozi, founded a semi-religious philosophy called Daoism (Taoism).

In it, Laozi called for people to live in harmony with nature by looking past everyday personal worries, and focusing on the Dao (Tao), or “the way”.  

Through meditation, one must seek to understand the underlying order of the universe over time

​

Daoism

 To do this, one must understand both “yin” and “yang”, or the idea that all things are opposites but are also inseparable for balancing the universe.  

The yin represents, among many things, the forces of femininity, darkness, water, earth, and cold, while providing spiritual qualities to humans and nature.  

The yang represents, among numerous other things, the forces of masculinity, light, fire, the heavens, and warmth, while providing form to all things.  

Between these two inseparable but opposite groupings of forces, the universe achieves balance.

​

​Yin and Yang

Lesson: WH1 Module 2 Lesson 3

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Multiple Choice

The writing system used by the Chinese:

• Cuneiform

• Hieroglyphics

• Oracle Bone Scrpt

• Sanscrit

Multiple Choice

The Huang-He River gave rise to the ancient

• Chinese

• Phoenicians

• Hebrews

• Persians

Multiple Choice

The trade goods in this list first came from what civilization?

• Islamic

• European

• Chinese

• African

Multiple Choice

Which belief system is best described by this list?

• Daoism

• Buddhism

• Confucianism

• Hinduism

Multiple Choice

Humility, simple life, and harmony with nature are all part of:

• Hinduism

• Confucianism

• Daoism

• Buddhism

Multiple Choice

The ruling authority of China's ancient dynasties was based on the:

• Code of Hammurabi

• Mandate of Heaven

• Twelve Tables

• Ten Commandments

Lesson: WH 1 Module 2 Lesson 4

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Lesson: WH 1 Module 2 Lesson 4

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Walk the Great Wall — Google Arts & Culture

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Lesson: WH 1 Module 2 Lesson 4

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Lesson: WH 1 Module 2 Lesson 4

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​The Han Dynasty

• ​In 202 BCE, the Han overtook the Qin.  

• Wudi, the most famous of the Han emperors, ruled from 141 to 87 BCE, changing some of the ways in which unity was ensured.  

• He decreed that Confucianism would replace Legalism as the empire’s official belief system, improved roads and transportation, controlled prices, and gained wealth for the state by creating government monopolies on iron and salt.  

• He expanded the Han’s borders closed the gaps in southeast China that the Qin could not control, as well as pushing far into the harsh terrain of modern-day northwest China.

•  It was in the far northwestern regions that Wudi opened a series of trade routes that would connect with points in central Asia and the Middle East.  These trade routes, collectively known as “The Silk Road”, led to Chinese prosperity and cultural diffusion, or spreading of culture.  

Draw

Outline the Silk Road.

Open Ended

How were they able to establish the Silk Road?

Multiple Choice

According to the map, what was the western most city along the Silk Road?

• Rome

• Kashgar

• Baghdad

• Alexandria

Multiple Choice

What was the major trade route that linked China to the west?

• The Great Wall

• The Silk Road

• The Han Route

• The Great Royal Road

Multiple Choice

What landmark was constructed to protect China from invasion?

• Silk Road

• The Great Wall

• The Royal Road

• Mandate of Heaven

Multiple Choice

What is a characteristic ancient Egypt and ancient China have in common?

• Traded by sea

• Developed along rivers

• Used the Ten Commandments

• Ruled by Pharaohs

Multiple Choice

Using the map, what river valley is shaded in yellow?

• Egypt

• Mesopotamia/
  Sumer

• India

• China

Multiple Choice

Which civilization's language was difficult to learn because it used thousands of characters?

• China

• Egypt

• Mesopotamia

• Phoenicia

Lesson: WH 1 Module 2 Lesson 4

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Multiple Choice

Who was at the bottom of the social pyramid of early civilizations?

• Slaves

• Kings

• Priests

• Merchants

Poll

Which civilization woud you have wanted to live in?

• Ancient Egypt

• Ancient China

• The Maurya and Gupta Empires

• Ancient Babylon

• Ancient Israel